مهره

See also: مهرة

Old Anatolian Turkish

Etymology

From Persian مهره (mohra).

Noun

مهره • (mühre)

1. bead or any sort of globule
2. vertebra

Descendants

• Azerbaijani: möhrə
• Ottoman Turkish: مهره (mühre)
  • Turkish: mühre

References

• Pomorska, Marzanna (2013) Materials for a Historical Dictionary of New Persian Loanwords in Old Anatolian and Ottoman Turkish from the 13^th to the 16^th Century (Studia Turcologica Cracoviensia; 13)‎^[1], Kraków: Jagiellonian University Press, →ISBN, page 164

Ottoman Turkish

Etymology

From Old Anatolian Turkish مهره (mühre), from Persian مهره (mohra); cognate with Azerbaijani möhrə.

Noun

مهره • (mühre)

1. bead, any sort of globule made of stone or glass

   Synonyms: بونجق (boncuk), یوارلاق (yuvarlak), كره (küre)

2. shell of a mollusk or particularly the smaller kind thereof
3. grinding shell or stone or other polishing instrument like even a plane

   Synonyms: رنده (rende), پلانیه (planya) (plane)

4. vertebra, any of the bony or cartilaginous segments which make up the backbone

   Synonyms: صرت كمیكی (sırt kemiğı), فقره (fıkra)

5. articular head, the rounded bone of a joint
6. draught, checker, a game piece used in the game of draughts

Derived terms

• دݣز مهره‌سی (deñiz mühresi, “cowrie”)
• مهره كمیكلری (mühre kemikleri, “vertebral column”)
• مهره‌سز (mühresiz, “unpolished”)
• مهره‌لتمك (mühreletmek, “to make or let be polished”)
• مهره‌لمك (mührelemek, “to polish, burnish”)
• مهره‌لو (mühreli, “polished”)

Descendants

• Turkish: mühre

Further reading

• Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “mühre1”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 3357
• Hindoglu, Artin (1838) “مهره”, in Hazine-i lûgat ou dictionnaire abrégé turc-français‎^[2], Vienna: F. Beck, page 471a
• Kélékian, Diran (1911) “مهره”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎^[3], Constantinople: Mihran, pages 1252b–1253a
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “Planula”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum‎^[4], Vienna, column 1305
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “مهره”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎^[5], Vienna, column 5054
• Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “mühre”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
• Redhouse, James W. (1890) “مهره”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎^[6], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 2045

Persian

Etymology

From Middle Persian [script needed] (mwhlk' /⁠muhrag⁠/, “bead, vertebra, piece (in backgammon, etc.)”). Compare Parthian [script needed] (mwhrg /⁠muhrag⁠/). Equivalent to مهر (mohr, “seal”) +‎ ـه (-e). Note especially the meanings of a polished parchment or papyrus found in Arabic مُهْرَق (muhraq), apart from Old Armenian մուրհակ (murhak, “deed”), Jewish Babylonian Aramaic מוהרק (mūhraq, “writ”) and the many senses of Sanskrit मुद्रा f (mudrā, “seal”), from which the meanings of a bead or shell must be transferred. For comparison, one even derived, by way of an absurd literary meaning-guessing, the sense of a “mirror” for سَجَنْجَل (sajanjal, “glossy papyrus leaves”), the original meaning being a hapax against copious abuse. Akin to Mazanderani میرکا (mirkâ, “bead”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [muh.ˈɾa]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [mo̞ɦ.ɾǽ]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [mo̞ɦ.ɾǽ]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [mʊ.ɾǽ]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [mu.ɾǽ]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [moɦ.ɹé]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [mɵh.ɾǽ]

Readings
Classical reading?	muhra
Dari reading?	mohra
Iranian reading?	mohre
Tajik reading?	mühra

Noun

مهره • (mohre) (plural مهرگان (mohregân), or مهره‌ها)

1. bead
2. shell of a mollusk or particularly the smaller kind thereof
3. vertebra
4. (board games) piece
5. grinding shell or stone or other polishing instrument

   Synonym: رنده (rande)

Derived terms

• مهره‌دار (mohre-dâr)

Related terms

• مهر (mohr)

Descendants

• → Old Anatolian Turkish: مهره (mühre)
  • Azerbaijani: möhrə
  • Ottoman Turkish: مهره (mühre)
    • Turkish: mühre

References

• Steingass, Francis Joseph (1892) “مهره”, in A Comprehensive Persian–English dictionary, London: Routledge & K. Paul
• Vullers, Johann August (1856–1864) “مهره”, in Lexicon Persico-Latinum etymologicum cum linguis maxime cognatis Sanscrita et Zendica et Pehlevica comparatum, e lexicis persice scriptis Borhâni Qâtiu, Haft Qulzum et Bahâri agam et persico-turcico Farhangi-Shuûrî confectum, adhibitis etiam Castelli, Meninski, Richardson et aliorum operibus et auctoritate scriptorum Persicorum adauctum‎^[7] (in Latin), volume II, Gießen: J. Ricker, pages 1241a–1242b