bead
English edit
Etymology edit
From Middle English bede (“a prayer”), also “a bead for counting prayers” in a peire of bedes (literally “a pair of beads”), from Old English bedu, bed, ġebed (“a request, entreaty, prayer”), from Proto-West Germanic *bedu, *bed, *gabed, from Proto-Germanic *bedō, *bedą.
Cognate with Dutch gebed and bede, German Gebet.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
bead (plural beads)
- (archaic) Prayer, later especially with a rosary. [from 9thc.]
- 1760, Laurence Sterne, The Life and Opinions of Tristram Shandy, Gentleman, Penguin, published 2003, page 115:
- That he must believe in the Pope;—go to Mass;—cross himself;—tell his beads;—be a good Catholick, and that this, in all conscience, was enough to carry him to heaven.
- Each in a string of small balls making up the rosary or paternoster. [from 14thc.]
- A small, round object.
- A small, round object with a hole to allow it to be threaded on a cord or wire, particularly for decorative purposes. [from 15thc.]
- Various small, round solid objects.
- 2013 May-June, Charles T. Ambrose, “Alzheimer’s Disease”, in American Scientist, volume 101, number 3, page 200:
- Similar studies of rats have employed four different intracranial resorbable, slow sustained release systems—surgical foam, a thermal gel depot, a microcapsule or biodegradable polymer beads.
- A small drop of water or other liquid. [from 16thc.]
- beads of sweat
- A bubble, in spirits.
- A small, round ball at the end of a barrel of a gun used for aiming.
- She drew a bead on the target and fired.
- 1879, R[ichard] J[efferies], chapter 1, in The Amateur Poacher, London: Smith, Elder, & Co., […], →OCLC:
- But then I had the [massive] flintlock by me for protection. ¶ […] The linen-press and a chest on the top of it formed, however, a very good gun-carriage; and, thus mounted, aim could be taken out of the window […], and a 'bead' could be drawn upon Molly, the dairymaid, kissing the fogger behind the hedge, little dreaming that the deadly tube was levelled at them.
- (by extension) Knowledge sufficient to direct one's activities to a purpose.
- We now have a bead on the main technical issues for the project
- A ridge, band, or molding.
- A rigid edge of a tire that mounts it on a wheel; tire bead. [from 20thc.]
- (architecture) A narrow molding with semicircular section.
- Synonym: beading
- (physical chemistry, dated) A glassy drop of molten flux, as borax or microcosmic salt, used as a solvent and color test for several mineral earths and oxides, as of iron, manganese, etc., before the blowpipe.
- the borax bead; the iron bead, etc.
Hyponyms edit
- (small, round, pierced object): hair pipe
Derived terms edit
terms derived from bead (noun)
- anal beads
- angle bead
- Baily's beads
- bead breaker
- beaded lacewing
- beaded lizard
- bead fern
- bead lightning
- bead lily
- bead maze
- bead proof
- bead-rattler
- bead seat
- bead tree
- bead-tree
- beady
- bid beads
- borax bead test
- captive bead ring
- casing bead
- draw a bead on
- drop one's beads
- drop one's beads
- dzi bead
- fairy-beads
- Hail Mary bead
- jet bead
- jumbie bead
- love bead
- love-bead
- parting bead
- pony bead
- prayer bead
- prayer beads
- read someone's beads
- seed bead
- St. Cuthbert's beads
- sticky bead argument
- stop bead
- string of beads
- take a bead on
- tyre bead
- water bead
- worry beads
Translations edit
rosary ball
|
small, round, pierced object
|
small drop of liquid
|
ridge, band, moulding
|
Verb edit
bead (third-person singular simple present beads, present participle beading, simple past and past participle beaded)
- (intransitive) To form into a bead.
- The raindrops beaded on the car's waxed finish.
- (transitive) To apply beads to.
- She spent the morning beading the gown.
- (transitive) To form into a bead.
- He beaded some solder for the ends of the wire.
- (transitive) To cause beads to form on (something).
- 1941, Emily Carr, “Greenville”, in Klee Wyck:
- Only the hum of the miserable creatures stirred the heavy murk that beaded our foreheads with sweat as we pushed our way through it.
Anagrams edit
Hungarian edit
Etymology edit
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
bead
- (transitive) to hand in
- beadja a felmondását ― to hand in one's notice
- (transitive) to give (medicine to someone)
- (transitive) to submit, to present (a request)
- (transitive) to file (a petition)
Conjugation edit
conjugation of bead
Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | beadok | beadsz | bead | beadunk | beadtok | beadnak | |
Def. | beadom | beadod | beadja | beadjuk | beadjátok | beadják | |||
2nd-p. o. | beadlak | ― | |||||||
Past | Indef. | beadtam | beadtál | beadott | beadtunk | beadtatok | beadtak | ||
Def. | beadtam | beadtad | beadta | beadtuk | beadtátok | beadták | |||
2nd-p. o. | beadtalak | ― | |||||||
Future | Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. be fog adni. | ||||||||
Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | beadék | beadál | beada | beadánk | beadátok | beadának | ||
Def. | beadám | beadád | beadá | beadánk | beadátok | beadák | |||
2nd-p. o. | beadálak | ― | |||||||
Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. bead vala, beadott vala/volt. | ||||||||
Archaic Future |
Indef. | beadandok | beadandasz | beadand | beadandunk | beadandotok | beadandanak | ||
Def. | beadandom | beadandod | beadandja | beadandjuk | beadandjátok | beadandják | |||
2nd-p. o. | beadandalak | ― | |||||||
Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | beadnék | beadnál | beadna | beadnánk | beadnátok | beadnának | |
Def. | beadnám | beadnád | beadná | beadnánk (or beadnók) |
beadnátok | beadnák | |||
2nd-p. o. | beadnálak | ― | |||||||
Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. beadott volna | ||||||||
Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | beadjak | beadj or beadjál |
beadjon | beadjunk | beadjatok | beadjanak | |
Def. | beadjam | beadd or beadjad |
beadja | beadjuk | beadjátok | beadják | |||
2nd-p. o. | beadjalak | ― | |||||||
(Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. beadott légyen | ||||||||
Infinitive | beadni | beadnom | beadnod | beadnia | beadnunk | beadnotok | beadniuk | ||
Other forms |
Verbal noun | Present part. | Past part. | Future part. | Adverbial participle | Causative | |||
beadás | beadó | beadott | beadandó | beadva (beadván) | beadat | ||||
The archaic passive conjugation had the same -(t)at/-(t)et suffix as the causative, followed by -ik in the 3rd-person singular (and the concomitant changes in conditional and subjunctive mostly in the 1st- and 3rd-person singular like with other traditional -ik verbs). | |||||||||
The prefix can split from the verb stem, e.g. nem ad be or be is ad. |
potential conjugation of bead
Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | beadhatok | beadhatsz | beadhat | beadhatunk | beadhattok | beadhatnak | |
Def. | beadhatom | beadhatod | beadhatja | beadhatjuk | beadhatjátok | beadhatják | |||
2nd-p. o. | beadhatlak | ― | |||||||
Past | Indef. | beadhattam | beadhattál | beadhatott | beadhattunk | beadhattatok | beadhattak | ||
Def. | beadhattam | beadhattad | beadhatta | beadhattuk | beadhattátok | beadhatták | |||
2nd-p. o. | beadhattalak | ― | |||||||
Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | beadhaték | beadhatál | beadhata | beadhatánk | beadhatátok | beadhatának | ||
Def. | beadhatám | beadhatád | beadhatá | beadhatánk | beadhatátok | beadhaták | |||
2nd-p. o. | beadhatálak | ― | |||||||
Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala, e.g. beadhat vala, beadhatott vala/volt. | ||||||||
Archaic Future |
Indef. | beadhatandok or beadandhatok |
beadhatandasz or beadandhatsz |
beadhatand or beadandhat |
beadhatandunk or beadandhatunk |
beadhatandotok or beadandhattok |
beadhatandanak or beadandhatnak | ||
Def. | beadhatandom or beadandhatom |
beadhatandod or beadandhatod |
beadhatandja or beadandhatja |
beadhatandjuk or beadandhatjuk |
beadhatandjátok or beadandhatjátok |
beadhatandják or beadandhatják | |||
2nd-p. o. | beadhatandalak or beadandhatlak |
― | |||||||
Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | beadhatnék | beadhatnál | beadhatna | beadhatnánk | beadhatnátok | beadhatnának | |
Def. | beadhatnám | beadhatnád | beadhatná | beadhatnánk (or beadhatnók) |
beadhatnátok | beadhatnák | |||
2nd-p. o. | beadhatnálak | ― | |||||||
Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. beadhatott volna | ||||||||
Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | beadhassak | beadhass or beadhassál |
beadhasson | beadhassunk | beadhassatok | beadhassanak | |
Def. | beadhassam | beadhasd or beadhassad |
beadhassa | beadhassuk | beadhassátok | beadhassák | |||
2nd-p. o. | beadhassalak | ― | |||||||
(Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. beadhatott légyen | ||||||||
Inf. | (beadhatni) | (beadhatnom) | (beadhatnod) | (beadhatnia) | (beadhatnunk) | (beadhatnotok) | (beadhatniuk) | ||
Positive adjective | beadható | Neg. adj. | beadhatatlan | Adv. part. | (beadhatva / beadhatván) | ||||
The prefix can split from the verb stem, e.g. nem adhat be or be is adhat. |
Derived terms edit
Expressions
Further reading edit
- bead in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
- bead in Ittzés, Nóra (ed.). A magyar nyelv nagyszótára (‘A Comprehensive Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2006–2031 (work in progress; published A–ez as of 2024)
Irish edit
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
bead
- first-person singular future of bí
- Bead anseo nuair a thiocfaidh tú ar ais.
- I will be here when you come back.
Mutation edit
Irish mutation | ||
---|---|---|
Radical | Lenition | Eclipsis |
bead | bhead | mbead |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
References edit
- ^ Sjoestedt, M. L. (1931) Phonétique d’un parler irlandais de Kerry (in French), Paris: Librairie Ernest Leroux, page 74
Old English edit
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
bēad