ہم
Urdu edit
Pronunciation edit
- (Standard Urdu) IPA(key): /ɦəm/
Etymology 1 edit
Inherited from Old Hindi हम (hama), हंम (haṃma), from Sauraseni Apabhramsa अम्हे (amhe), from Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀅𑀫𑁆𑀳𑁂 (amhe), from Sanskrit अस्मे (asme).
Pronoun edit
ہَم • (ham) (Hindi spelling हम)
- first-person plural subjective or objective personal pronoun: we, us; plural of مَیں (ma͠i), مُجھ (mujh)
- ہَم ہون٘گے کامْیاب۔ ― ham hoṅge kāmyāb. ― we will be successful.
- ہَم سے نا کَبھی جُدا ہونا۔ ― ham se nā kabhī judā honā. ― Don't ever separate from us.
- (formal, majestic plural) first-person singular subjective or objective personal pronoun: I, me
Usage notes edit
Because ہَم (ham) can mean both we and I (majestic plural or royal "we"), sometimes ہَم لوگ (ham log) is used to specifically denote the plural. Usually context makes it clear when ہَم (ham) is being used for we or for I. It is inflected and used grammatically the same for both meanings.
Derived terms edit
- ہَماہَمی (hamāhamī)
Determiner edit
ہَم • (ham) pl (Hindi spelling हम)
- The speakers/writers, or the speaker/writer and at least one other person; we, us.
- ہَم پاکِسْتانی بَہُت مِہْمان نَواز ہوتے ہَیں۔
- ham pākistānī bahut mihmān navāz hote ha͠i.
- We Pakistanis tend to be very hospitable.
- (formal, majestic plural) The speaker/writer; I, me.
Declension edit
See also edit
| Urdu personal pronouns | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Person | Description | Direct case | Indirect case | Ergative case | Dative/Accusative case | |
| 1st person | singular | مَیں (ma͠i) | مُجھ (mujh) | مَیں نے (ma͠i ne) | مُجھ کو (mujh ko),
مُجھے (mujhe) | |
| formal (rare) | خَاکْسَار (xāksār) | خَاکْسَار نے (xāksār ne) | خَاکْسَار کو (xāksār ko) | |||
| plural | ہَم (ham) | ہَم نے (ham ne) | ہَم کو (ham ko),
ہَمیں (hamẽ) | |||
| 2nd person | informal (intimate) | تُو (tū) | تُجھ (tujh) | تُو نے (tū ne) | تُجھ کو (tujh ko),
تُجھے (tujhe) | |
| semiformal (familiar) | تُم (tum) | تُم نے (tum ne) | تُم کو (tum ko),
تُمھیں (tumhẽ) | |||
| formal (polite) | آپ (āp) | آپ نے (āp ne) | آپ کو (āp ko) | |||
| 3rd person | proximal | singular / informal | یہ (ye) | اِس (is) | اِس نے (is ne) | اِس کو (is ko),
اِسے (ise) |
| plural / formal | اِن (in) | اِنھوں نے (inhõ ne) | اِن کو (in ko),
اِنھیں (inhẽ) | |||
| distal | singular / informal | وہ (vo) | اُس (us) | اُس نے (us ne) | اُس کو (us ko),
اُسے (use) | |
| plural / formal | اُن (un) | اُنھوں نے (unhõ ne) | اُن کو (un ko),
اُنھیں (unhẽ) | |||
Etymology 2 edit
Borrowed from Classical Persian هَم (ham), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *somHós. Cognate of English same.
Adverb edit
ہَم • (ham) (Hindi spelling हम)
Conjunction edit
ہَم • (ham) (Hindi spelling हम)
References edit
- Platts, John T. (1884) “هم”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.