पुर

See also: पर, परा, परि, परि-, परी, परौं, पार, पारा, पारो, पिरो, पीर, पीरू, पुर्, पुरु, पुरी, पुरे, पुरो, पूर, पूरा, पूरी, पूरे, पेर, पेरी, पेरू, पैर, पैरो, पैरों, and प्री

Braj

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit पुरस् (puras).

Adverb

पुर (pur)

1. before, in front of
   • 1601, Keshavdas, Ramchandrika‎^[1]:

     राम कह्यो जो कछु दुख तेरे। श्वान निशंक कहो पुर मेरे।।152।।

     rām kahyo jo kachu dukh tere. śvān niśaṅk kaho pur mere..152..

     Ram said, whatever your sorrow be; say with insouciance as that of a dog, before me.

Hindi

Pronunciation

• (Delhi) IPA^(key): /pʊɾ/

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Sanskrit पुर (pura).

Noun

पुर • (pur) m (Urdu spelling پور)

1. town, city; locality, village
2. fortress

Declension

Declension of पुर (masc cons-stem)

	singular	plural
direct	पुर pur	पुर pur
oblique	पुर pur	पुरों purõ
vocative	पुर pur	पुरो puro

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Classical Persian پر (pur). Doublet of पुर- (pur-).

Adjective

पुर • (pur) (Urdu spelling پر)

1. complete, full, laden, ample
2. Alternative form of पुर- (pur-)

Etymology 3

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

पुर • (pur) m

1. a leather bag used in fetching water (from well) for irrigation

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• পুৰ (Assamese script)
• ᬧᬸᬭ (Balinese script)
• পুর (Bengali script)
• 𑰢𑰲𑰨 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀧𑀼𑀭 (Brahmi script)
• ပုရ (Burmese script)
• પુર (Gujarati script)
• ਪੁਰ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌪𑍁𑌰 (Grantha script)
• ꦥꦸꦫ (Javanese script)
• 𑂣𑂳𑂩 (Kaithi script)
• ಪುರ (Kannada script)
• បុរ (Khmer script)
• ປຸຣ (Lao script)
• പുര (Malayalam script)
• ᢒᡠᡵᠠ (Manchu script)
• 𑘢𑘳𑘨 (Modi script)
• ᢒᠤᠷᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
• 𑧂𑧔𑧈 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐥𑐸𑐬 (Newa script)
• ପୁର (Odia script)
• ꢦꢸꢬ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆥𑆶𑆫 (Sharada script)
• 𑖢𑖲𑖨 (Siddham script)
• පුර (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩰𑩒𑩼 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚞𑚰𑚤 (Takri script)
• புர (Tamil script)
• పుర (Telugu script)
• ปุร (Thai script)
• པུ་ར (Tibetan script)
• 𑒣𑒳𑒩 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨞𑨃𑨫 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

From पुर् (púr, “stronghold, fortress”). Cognate with Ancient Greek πόλις f (pólis) and Lithuanian pilis.

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /pú.ɾɐ/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /pu.ɾɐ/

Noun

पुर • (púra) stem, n

1. fortress, castle, city, town
2. house, abode, residence, receptacle

Declension

Neuter a-stem declension of पुर

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	पुरम् (púram)	पुरे (púre)	पुराणि (púrāṇi) पुरा¹ (púrā¹)
accusative	पुरम् (púram)	पुरे (púre)	पुराणि (púrāṇi) पुरा¹ (púrā¹)
instrumental	पुरेण (púreṇa)	पुराभ्याम् (púrābhyām)	पुरैः (púraiḥ) पुरेभिः¹ (púrebhiḥ¹)
dative	पुराय (púrāya)	पुराभ्याम् (púrābhyām)	पुरेभ्यः (púrebhyaḥ)
ablative	पुरात् (púrāt)	पुराभ्याम् (púrābhyām)	पुरेभ्यः (púrebhyaḥ)
genitive	पुरस्य (púrasya)	पुरयोः (púrayoḥ)	पुराणाम् (púrāṇām)
locative	पुरे (púre)	पुरयोः (púrayoḥ)	पुरेषु (púreṣu)
vocative	पुर (púra)	पुरे (púre)	पुराणि (púrāṇi) पुरा¹ (púrā¹)

• ¹Vedic

Derived terms

• सिंहपुर (siṃhapura)
• हस्तिनापुर (hastināpura)

Descendants

• Assamese: পুৰ (pur)
• Bengali: পুর (pur)
• Hindi: पुर (pur), पुरा (purā)
• → Malay: pura, فورا
  • → Indonesian: pura
• → Kannada: ಪುರ (pura)
• Konkani: पूर (pūr)
• → Malayalam: പുരം (puraṁ)
• Marathi: पुर (pur)
• Nepali: पुर् (pur)
• → Old Javanese: pura
  • Javanese: ꦥꦸꦫ (pura)
  • → Balinese: ᬧᬸᬭ (pura)
    • → Indonesian: pura (“temple”) (semantic loan)
• Odia: ପୁର (pura)
• Pali: pura
• Punjabi: ਪੁਰ (pur)
• Pahari-Potwari: پُر (pur)
• → Tamil: புரம் (puram), புரை (purai)
• → Telugu: పురము (puramu)
• Urdu: پُور (pūr)

References

• Monier Williams (1899) “पुर”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 0635.