☉

See also: Ꙩ [U+A668 CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER MONOCULAR O], ꙩ [U+A669 CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER MONOCULAR O], ʘ [U+0298 LATIN LETTER BILABIAL CLICK], 𐍈 [U+10348 GOTHIC LETTER HWAIR], ⵙ [U+2D59 TIFINAGH LETTER YAS], ⊙ [U+2299 CIRCLED DOT OPERATOR], ⨀ [U+2A00 N-ARY CIRCLED DOT OPERATOR], and ◉ [U+25C9 FISHEYE]

☉ U+2609, ☉ SUN ← ☈ [U+2608] Miscellaneous Symbols ☊ → [U+260A]

🌞 U+1F31E, 🌞 SUN WITH FACE ← 🌝 [U+1F31D] Miscellaneous Symbols and Pictographs 🌟 → [U+1F31F]

Use of ☉ for Sunday, just under the sun (day) hand near the top of the calendar dial of this 13th-century clock tower.

Translingual

Alternative forms

In astrology and alchemy (for gold), a variant with a face, 🌞︎, is sometimes seen. This does not occur in astronomy, botany or (obsolete) chemistry.

Etymology

The shield of the sun god Apollo, with a boss in the center. Medieval replacement of ⟨🜚⟩, the sun with a single ray, which in ancient times had replaced a sun orb surrounded by multiple rays.

Compare the Egyptian hieroglyph ⟨⟩ and the Chinese character ⟨⟩, both of which mean 'sun' and 'day'.

Symbol

☉

1. (astronomy, astrology) Sol, the Sun.

   A subscript to variables in mathematical equations, such as π_☉ (solar parallax).

   • 1803, Robert Patterson, The Papers of Thomas Jefferson, volume 40 (in English), Princeton University Press, published 2013, page 71:

     Suppose the apparent angular distance of the sun & moon's nearest limbs [...] to be 110°.2′.30″ the app. alt of ☉'s lower limb measuring 20°.40′ and that of ☽'s lower limb 35°.24′

2. (astronomy) solar mass.

   Synonym: M_☉

   • 1939, Oppenheimer & Volkoff, “On Massive Neutron Cores”, in Physical Review, volume 55:

     For masses under $\textstyle {\frac {1}{3}}$☉ only one equilibrium solution exists

3. (botany) annual.
4. (alchemy, archaic) gold.
5. (rare) Sunday.

   Refers to the Latin phrase dies Solis, which literally means "Sun's day".

6. (philately) cancellation (with an ordinary post-office cancellation mark).
7. (chemistry, obsolete) hydrogen (Daltonian symbol).

   Technically, this should be red: ☉. May also be typeset ⊙.

Presentations of 🌞︎

Text style	Emoji style
🌞︎	🌞️
Note: Character's appearance may be different on each system. Text style is forced with ︎ and emoji style with ️

Synonyms

• (sun, daytime): ☼
• (sun, gold): 🜚 (obsolete)

Derived terms

• (astronomy): M_☉ – solar mass (as a unit of measurement for the masses of stars)

L_☉ – solar luminosity (as a unit of measurement).

R_☉ – solar radius (as a unit of measurement).

S_☉ – solar constant (as a unit of measurement).

Gallery

• 
  An abstract variant
• 
  A decorative variant in the Netherlands
• 
  As a symbol for gold
• 
  Symbol on a gold background

Related terms

• (botany): ⚇ (biennial)
• (astrology): (Solar eclipse)

See also

• 𓇳 (hieroglyph for Sun)
• ⊙ (mathematics, computing)

German

Symbol

☉

1. (cartography): city center