依然

Chinese

		according to; depend on; near to according to; depend on; near to; (Eastern Min) kinship prefix	so; thus; like this so; thus; like this; ‑ly; correct; right
trad. (依然)		依	然
simp. #(依然)		依	然

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): yīrán

  (Zhuyin): ㄧ ㄖㄢˊ

• Cantonese

  (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): ji¹ jin⁴

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): yi¹ ngen^3*

• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): i-jiân / i-liân

  (Teochew, Peng'im): i¹ riang⁵

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: yīrán
    • Zhuyin: ㄧ ㄖㄢˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: yirán
    • Wade–Giles: i¹-jan²
    • Yale: yī-rán
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: iran
    • Palladius: ижань (ižanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /i⁵⁵ ʐän³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: ji¹ jin⁴
    • Yale: yī yìhn
    • Cantonese Pinyin: ji¹ jin⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: yi¹ yin⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /jiː⁵⁵ jiːn²¹/
  • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
    • Wiktionary: yi¹ ngen^3*
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ji³³ ᵑɡen²²⁻²²⁵/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: i-jiân
    • Tâi-lô: i-jiân
    • Phofsit Daibuun: ijieen
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /i⁴⁴⁻³³ ziɛn²³/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /i⁴⁴⁻²² d͡ziɛn¹³/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: i-liân
    • Tâi-lô: i-liân
    • Phofsit Daibuun: ilieen
    • IPA (Xiamen): /i⁴⁴⁻²² liɛn²⁴/
    • IPA (Taipei): /i⁴⁴⁻³³ liɛn²⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /i³³ liɛn²⁴/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: i¹ riang⁵
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: i jiâng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /i³³⁻²³ d͡ziaŋ⁵⁵/

Adverb

依然

1. as it was before; still

Synonyms

• 仍 (réng)
• 仍是 (réngshì)
• 仍然 (réngrán)
• 仍舊／仍旧 (réngjiù)
• 依舊／依旧 (yījiù)
• 兀自 (wùzì) (dialectal or archaic)
• 原徑／原径 (⁶gnioe-cin) (Wu)
• 嘛閣／嘛阁 (Hokkien)
• 尚 (literary, or in compounds)
• 尚且 (shàngqiě)
• 猶且／犹且 (yóuqiě) (literary)
• 猶是／犹是 (Hokkien, Teochew)
• 猶然／犹然 (yóurán)
• 猶自／犹自 (yóuzì)
• 還／还 (hái)
• 還是／还是 (háishì)
• 都係／都系 (Cantonese)

 

Adjective

依然

1. (archaic) reluctant to part

Japanese

Kanji in this term
依	然
い Grade: S	ぜん Grade: 4
on’yomi

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) いぜん [ìzéń] (Heiban – [0])
• IPA^(key): [izẽ̞ɴ]

Adjective

依(い)然(ぜん) • (izen) ^†-tari (adnominal 依(い)然(ぜん)とした (izen to shita) or 依(い)然(ぜん)たる (izen taru), adverbial 依(い)然(ぜん)と (izen to) or 依(い)然(ぜん)として (izen to shite))

1. same (as before)

Adverb

依(い)然(ぜん) • (izen) 

1. as it did before, still, as ... as ever

Derived terms

• 依然(いぜん)として (izen to shite)

References

• 2002, Yasuo Kitahara, 明鏡国語辞典 (Meikyō Kokugo Jiten), First Edition (in Japanese), Tokyo: Taishūkan Shoten, →ISBN