U+4F9D, 依
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4F9D

[U+4F9C]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+4F9E]

TranslingualEdit

Han characterEdit

(Kangxi radical 9, +6, 8 strokes, cangjie input 人卜竹女 (OYHV), four-corner 20232, composition)

Derived charactersEdit

ReferencesEdit

  • KangXi: page 102, character 18
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 607
  • Dae Jaweon: page 217, character 2
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 152, character 8
  • Unihan data for U+4F9D

ChineseEdit

Glyph originEdit

Historical forms of the character
Shang Western Zhou Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming) Libian (compiled in Qing)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Chu slip and silk script Qin slip script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts Clerical script
             





References:

Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including:

  • Shuowen Jiezi (small seal),
  • Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions),
  • Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and
  • Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *qɯl): semantic (human) + phonetic (OC *qɯl, *qɯls).

Etymology 1Edit

simp. and trad.

Probably cognate with (OC *qralʔ, *qrals) (Wang, 1982). Perhaps (OC *qin) is an allofam (Pulleyblank, 1991), though the vowels do not agree (Schuessler, 2007).

PronunciationEdit



Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (34)
Final () (20)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () III
Fanqie
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/ʔɨi/
Pan
Wuyun
/ʔɨi/
Shao
Rongfen
/ʔiəi/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/ʔɨj/
Li
Rong
/ʔiəi/
Wang
Li
/ĭəi/
Bernard
Karlgren
/ʔe̯i/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
ji1
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
Middle
Chinese
‹ ʔjɨj ›
Old
Chinese
/*ʔəj/
English lean upon

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 14836
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
1
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*qɯl/

DefinitionsEdit

  1. to lean on
  2. to rely on; to depend on
  3. to obey; to comply with; to agree to
  4. according to; in accordance with; in light of; in a manner conforming to; in compliance with
  5. Used in 依稀 (yīxī).
  6. a surname: Yi
SynonymsEdit
  • (to rely on):
  • (according to):

CompoundsEdit

Etymology 2Edit

simp. and trad.
alternative forms 𠵱

Dialectal variant of (ni1).

PronunciationEdit

DefinitionsEdit

  1. (Cantonese) this; these
SynonymsEdit

CompoundsEdit

Etymology 3Edit

simp. and trad.
alternative forms

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “related to 阿?”)

PronunciationEdit


DefinitionsEdit

  1. (Min Dong) Used in front of persons' given names or kinship terms to express familiarity.

CompoundsEdit

ReferencesEdit

JapaneseEdit

KanjiEdit

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

ReadingsEdit

Related termsEdit

Etymology 1Edit

Kanji in this term

Grade: S
kan’on

From Middle Chinese (MC ʔɨi).

The kan'on pronunciation, so likely a later borrowing.

PronunciationEdit

AffixEdit

() (i

  1. rely on; depend on
  2. according to
  3. as before
    ()(ぜん)izensame as before, still
Derived termsEdit

Etymology 2Edit

Kanji in this term

Grade: S
goon

From Middle Chinese (MC ʔɨi).

The goon pronunciation, so likely the initial borrowing.

PronunciationEdit

AffixEdit

() (e

  1. rely on; depend on

KoreanEdit

HanjaEdit

(eum (ui))

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

VietnameseEdit

Han characterEdit

: Hán Nôm readings: y, e, , ỉa

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

ReferencesEdit