卜筮

Chinese edit

		to divine; foretell; turnip	divine by stalk
trad. (卜筮)		卜	筮
simp. ^#(卜筮)		卜	筮

Pronunciation edit

Mandarin
(Pinyin): bǔshì

(Zhuyin): ㄅㄨˇ ㄕˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): buk¹ sai⁶
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): puk-sṳ

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: bǔshì
  - Zhuyin: ㄅㄨˇ ㄕˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: bǔshìh
  - Wade–Giles: pu³-shih⁴
  - Yale: bǔ-shr̀
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: buushyh
  - Palladius: буши (buši)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pu²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: buk¹ sai⁶
  - Yale: būk saih
  - Cantonese Pinyin: buk⁷ sai⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: bug¹ sei⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʊk̚⁵ sɐi̯²²/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: puk-sṳ
  - Hakka Romanization System: bug` sii
  - Hagfa Pinyim: bug⁵ si⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /puk̚² sɨ⁵⁵/

Middle Chinese: puwk dzyejH

Rime
Character	卜	筮
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	幫 (1)	常 (25)
Final (韻)	屋 (3)	祭 (35)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	I	III
Fanqie	博木切	時制切
Baxter	puwk	dzyejH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/puk̚/	/d͡ʑiᴇi^H/
Pan Wuyun	/puk̚/	/d͡ʑiɛi^H/
Shao Rongfen	/puk̚/	/d͡ʑjæi^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/pəwk̚/	/d͡ʑiaj^H/
Li Rong	/puk̚/	/ʑiɛi^H/
Wang Li	/puk̚/	/ʑĭɛi^H/
Bernard Karlgren	/puk̚/	/ʑi̯ɛi^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	bu	shì
Expected Cantonese Reflex	buk¹	sai⁶

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*pˤok [d][e][t]-s/

(Zhengzhang): /*poːɡ djads/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	卜	筮
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	bǔ	shì
Middle Chinese	‹ puwk ›	‹ dzyej^H ›
Old Chinese	/*pˁok/	/*[d][e][t]-s/
English	divine (v.)	divine by Achillea stalks
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	卜	筮
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	998	11658
Phonetic component	卜	筮
Rime group	屋	祭
Rime subdivision	0	1
Corresponding MC rime	卜	逝
Old Chinese	/*poːɡ/	/*djads/

Verb edit

卜筮

to practice divination; to divine
- 如實論之，卜筮不問天地，蓍龜未必神靈。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
  如实论之，卜筮不问天地，蓍龟未必神灵。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: Wang Chong, Lun Heng (Discussive Weighing), 80 CE
  Rúshí lùn zhī, bǔshì bùwèn tiāndì, shīguī wèibì shénlíng. [Pinyin]
  (please add an English translation of this usage example)

Usage notes edit

卜筮 (bǔshì) involves two different types of divination. The first is 卜 (bǔ), or 龜卜／龟卜 (guībǔ), which involves the use of 龜甲／龟甲 (guījiǎ) or 牛骨 (niúgǔ); the second is 筮 (shì), or 占筮 (zhānshì), which involves the use of 蓍草 (shīcǎo).