子孫

See also: 子孙

Chinese

		child; son; (noun suffix) child; son; (noun suffix); small thing; seed; egg; 1st earthly branch; 11 p.m.–1 a.m., midnight	grandson
trad. (子孫)		子	孫
simp. (子孙)		子	孙
anagram		孫子／孙子

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): zǐsūn

  (Zhuyin): ㄗˇ ㄙㄨㄣ

• Cantonese

  (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): zi² syun¹

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): du² lhun¹

• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): chṳ́-sûn

  (Meixian, Guangdong): zi³ sun¹

• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chú-sun / chír-sun

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: zǐsūn
    • Zhuyin: ㄗˇ ㄙㄨㄣ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: zǐhsun
    • Wade–Giles: tzŭ³-sun¹
    • Yale: dž-swūn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzyysuen
    • Palladius: цзысунь (czysunʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹ su̯ən⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: zi² syun¹
    • Yale: jí syūn
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dzi² syn¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: ji² xun¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡siː³⁵ syːn⁵⁵/
  • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
    • Wiktionary: du² lhun¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tu⁵⁵ ɬun³³/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chṳ́-sûn
    • Hakka Romanization System: zii` sun´
    • Hagfa Pinyim: zi³ sun¹
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡sɨ³¹ sun²⁴/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: zi³ sun¹
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡sz̩³¹ sun⁴⁴/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chú-sun
    • Tâi-lô: tsú-sun
    • Phofsit Daibuun: zwswn
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡su⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ sun⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei): /t͡su⁵³⁻⁴⁴ sun⁴⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chír-sun
    • Tâi-lô: tsír-sun
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sɯ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ sun³³/

---

• Middle Chinese: tsiX swon

Rime
Character	子	孫
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	精 (13)	心 (16)
Final (韻)	之 (19)	魂 (55)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Closed
Division (等)	III	I
Fanqie	即里切	思渾切
Baxter	tsiX	swon
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡sɨX/	/suən/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡sɨX/	/suon/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡sieX/	/suən/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/t͡sɨX/	/swən/
Li Rong	/t͡siəX/	/suən/
Wang Li	/t͡sĭəX/	/suən/
Bernard Karlgren	/t͡siX/	/suən/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zǐ	sūn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zi2	syun1

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*tsəʔ  [s]ˤu[n]/

  (Zhengzhang): /*ʔslɯʔ  suːn/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	子	孫
Reading #	2/2	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	zǐ	sūn
Middle Chinese	‹ tsiX ›	‹ swon ›
Old Chinese	/*tsəʔ/	/*[s]ˁu[n]/
English	child; gentleman, master	grandchild; descendant
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	子	孫
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	17857	12178
Phonetic component	子	孫
Rime group	之	文
Rime subdivision	0	2
Corresponding MC rime	子	孫
Old Chinese	/*ʔslɯʔ/	/*suːn/

Noun

子孫

1. children and grandchildren; descendants

   子孫後代／子孙后代  ―  zǐsūn hòudài  ―  future generations

   遺禍子孫／遗祸子孙  ―  yíhuò zǐsūn  ―  to harm future generations

Synonyms

• 下輩／下辈 (xiàbèi)
• 仔孫／仔孙 (zai² syun¹) (Cantonese)
• 兒孫／儿孙 (érsūn)
• 囝孫／囝孙 (Min)
• 子胤 (zǐyìn) (literary)
• 孫子／孙子 (literary)
• 後人／后人 (hòurén)
• 後代／后代 (hòudài)
• 後嗣／后嗣 (hòusì)
• 後生／后生 (hòushēng) (literary)
• 後裔／后裔 (hòuyì)
• 根 (gēn) (figurative)
• 緒餘／绪余 (xùyú) (literary)
• 苗 (miáo) (literary, or in compounds)
• 遺裔／遗裔 (yíyì) (literary)
• 餘緒／余绪 (yúxù) (literary)

 

Derived terms

• 不肖子孫／不肖子孙 (bùxiào zǐsūn)
• 吃子孫飯／吃子孙饭
• 子子孫孫／子子孙孙 (zǐzǐsūnsūn)
• 子孫根／子孙根 (zǐsūngēn)
• 子孫桶／子孙桶
• 子孫滿堂／子孙满堂 (zǐsūnmǎntáng)
• 德流子孫／德流子孙
• 慶流子孫／庆流子孙
• 炎黃子孫／炎黄子孙 (Yán-Huáng zǐsūn)

 

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (子孫):

• → Japanese: 子(し)孫(そん) (shison)
• → Korean: 자손(子孫) (jason)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
子	孫
し Grade: 1	そん Grade: 4
on’yomi

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) し​そん [shíꜜsòǹ] (Atamadaka – [1])
• IPA^(key): [ɕisõ̞ɴ]

Noun

子(し)孫(そん) • (shison) 

1. descendant, scion

   Synonyms: 後裔 (kōei), 孫子 (magoko)

   Antonyms: 先祖 (senzo), 父祖 (fuso)