涅槃

Contents

ChineseEdit

		blacken	big; wooden tray
simp. and trad. (涅槃)		涅	槃

EtymologyEdit

From Sanskrit निर्वाण (nirvāṇa, “blown or put out, extinguished”) or Pali nibbāna. Compare Thai นิพพาน (níp-paan).

PronunciationEdit

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): nièpán

  (Zhuyin): ㄋㄧㄝˋ ㄆㄢˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): nip⁶ pun⁴
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): net-phàn
• Min Nan (POJ): lia̍t-phoân / liap-phoân / lia̍p-phoân

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, Beijing)⁺
    • Pinyin: nièpán
    • Zhuyin: ㄋㄧㄝˋ ㄆㄢˊ
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: niehpanr
    • IPA ^(key): /ni̯ɛ⁵¹ pʰa̠n³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: nip⁶ pun⁴
    • Yale: nihp pùhn
    • Cantonese Pinyin: nip⁹ pun⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: nib⁶ pun⁴
    • IPA ^(key): /niːp̚² pʰuːn²¹/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: net-phàn
    • Hakka Romanization System: ned` panˇ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: ned⁵ pan²
    • IPA: /net̚² pʰan¹¹/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lia̍t-phoân
    • Tâi-lô: lia̍t-phuân
    • Phofsit Daibuun: liadphoaan
    • IPA (Xiamen): /liɛt̚⁴⁻²¹ pʰuan²⁴/
  • (Hokkien: mainstream Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: liap-phoân
    • Tâi-lô: liap-phuân
    • Phofsit Daibuun: liapphoaan
    • IPA (Taipei): /liap̚³²⁻⁴ pʰuan²⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /liap̚³²⁻⁴ pʰuan²³/
  • (Hokkien: mainstream Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lia̍p-phoân
    • Tâi-lô: lia̍p-phuân
    • Phofsit Daibuun: liabphoaan
    • IPA (Taipei): /liap̚⁴⁻³² pʰuan²⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /liap̚⁴⁻³² pʰuan²³/

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• Middle Chinese: /net̚  buɑn/▼

Rime
Character	涅	槃
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	泥 (8)	並 (3)
Final (韻)	屑 (87)	桓 (62)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Closed
Division (等)	IV	I
Fanqie	奴結切	薄官切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/net̚/	/buɑn/
Pan Wuyun	/net̚/	/bʷɑn/
Shao Rongfen	/nɛt̚/	/buɑn/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/nɛt̚/	/bwan/
Li Rong	/net̚/	/buɑn/
Wang Li	/niet̚/	/buɑn/
Bernard Karlgren	/niet̚/	/bʱuɑn/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	niè	pán

NounEdit

涅槃

1. (Buddhism) nirvana

SynonymsEdit

• 圓寂／圆寂
• 寂滅／寂灭
• 果果 (guǒguǒ)
• (abbreviation) 涅 (niè)

DescendantsEdit

Sino-Xenic (涅槃):

• Japanese: 涅槃 (ねはん) (nehan)
• Korean: 열반 (涅槃, yeolban)
• Vietnamese: niết bàn (涅槃)

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JapaneseEdit

Kanji in this term
涅	槃
ね Hyōgaiji	はん Hyōgaiji
on'yomi

PronunciationEdit

• On’yomi
  • (Tokyo) ねはん [nèháń] (Heiban - [0])
  • (Tokyo) ね​はん [néꜜhàǹ] (Atamadaka - [1])
  • (Tokyo) ねは​ん [nèháꜜǹ] (Nakadaka - [2])
  • IPA^(key): [ne̞hã̠ɴ]

NounEdit

涅槃 (hiragana ねはん, rōmaji nehan)

1. (Buddhism) nirvana