結
See also: 结
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Contents
TranslingualEdit
Han characterEdit
結 (radical 120 糸+6, 12 strokes, cangjie input 女火土口 (VFGR), four-corner 24961, composition ⿰糹吉)
ReferencesEdit
- KangXi: page 921, character 34
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 27398
- Dae Jaweon: page 1354, character 21
- Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 5, page 3390, character 3
- Unihan data for U+7D50
ChineseEdit
trad. | 結 | |
---|---|---|
simp. | 结 |
Glyph originEdit
Characters in the same phonetic series (吉) (Zhengzhang, 2003) | |
---|---|
Old Chinese | |
秸 | *kriːl, *kriːd |
髻 | *kiːds |
夡 | *kʰids |
鴶 | *kriːd |
袺 | *kriːd, *kiːd |
頡 | *kriːd, *ɡiːd |
劼 | *kʰriːd |
硈 | *kʰriːd |
咭 | *kʰriːd, *ɡlid, *qʰlid |
黠 | *ɡriːd |
聐 | *ŋreːd |
趌 | *ked, *klid, *kʰid, *ɡrid |
結 | *kiːd |
拮 | *kiːd, *klid |
桔 | *kiːd |
狤 | *kiːd, *klid, *ɡrid |
擷 | *qʰiːd, *ɡiːd |
襭 | *ɡiːd |
翓 | *ɡiːd |
纈 | *ɡiːd |
吉 | *klid |
郆 | *kid |
詰 | *kʰid |
蛣 | *kʰid |
佶 | *ɡlid, *ɡrid |
鮚 | *ɡrid |
姞 | *ɡrid |
欯 | *qʰlid |
恄 | *qʰlid |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *kiːd): semantic 糸 + phonetic 吉 (OC *klid).
PronunciationEdit
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): git3, lit3
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): kiet / kiat
- Min Nan (POJ): kat / kiat
- Wu (Wiktionary): jiq (T4)
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄝˊ
- Wade-Giles: chieh2
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jye
- IPA (key): /t͡ɕi̯ɛ³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄝ
- Wade-Giles: chieh1
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jie
- IPA (key): /t͡ɕi̯ɛ⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
Note:
- jiē - “to bear fruit; to stammer”.
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Jyutping: git3, lit3
- Yale: git, lit
- Cantonese Pinyin: git8, lit8
- Guangdong Romanization: gid3, lid3
- IPA (key): /kiːt̚³/, /liːt̚³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
Note:
- git3 - literary (all senses);
- lit3 - vernacular (“knot”).
- Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kiet
- Hakka Romanization System: gied`
- Hagfa Pinyim: giad5
- IPA: /ki̯et̚²/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kiat
- Hakka Romanization System: giad`
- Hagfa Pinyim: giad5
- IPA: /ki̯at̚²/
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
- Min Nan
Note:
- kat - vernacular;
- kiat - literary.
- Wu
- (Shanghainese)
- Wiktionary: jiq (T4)
- IPA (key): /t͡ɕi̯ɪʔ⁵⁵/
- (Shanghainese)
-
Dialectal data▼
Variety | Location | 結 |
---|---|---|
Mandarin | Beijing | /t͡ɕiɛ³⁵/ |
Harbin | /t͡ɕiɛ⁴⁴/ 不~果兒 /t͡ɕiɛ²¹³/ ~婚 |
|
Tianjin | /t͡ɕie⁴⁵/ ~婚 /t͡ɕie²¹/ ~實 |
|
Jinan | /t͡ɕiə²¹³/ /t͡ɕiə⁴²/ 完~ |
|
Qingdao | /t͡ɕiə⁵⁵/ | |
Zhengzhou | /t͡ɕiɛ²⁴/ | |
Xi'an | /t͡ɕiɛ²¹/ | |
Xining | /t͡ɕi⁴⁴/ | |
Yinchuan | /t͡ɕie¹³/ | |
Lanzhou | /t͡ɕiə¹³/ | |
Ürümqi | /t͡ɕiɤ²¹³/ | |
Wuhan | /t͡ɕie²¹³/ | |
Chengdu | /t͡ɕie³¹/ | |
Guiyang | /t͡ɕie²¹/ | |
Kunming | /t͡ɕiɛ³¹/ | |
Nanjing | /t͡ɕieʔ⁵/ | |
Hefei | /t͡ɕiɐʔ⁵/ | |
Jin | Taiyuan | /t͡ɕiəʔ²/ |
Pingyao | /t͡ɕiʌʔ¹³/ | |
Hohhot | /t͡ɕiaʔ⁴³/ | |
Wu | Shanghai | /t͡ɕiɪʔ⁵/ |
Suzhou | /t͡ɕiəʔ⁵/ | |
Hangzhou | /t͡ɕiəʔ⁵/ | |
Wenzhou | /t͡ɕi²¹³/ | |
Hui | Shexian | /t͡ɕieʔ²¹/ |
Tunxi | /t͡ɕia⁵/ | |
Xiang | Changsha | /t͡ɕie²⁴/ |
Xiangtan | /t͡ɕie²⁴/ | |
Gan | Nanchang | /t͡ɕiɛʔ⁵/ |
Hakka | Meixian | /kiat̚¹/ |
Taoyuan | /kiet̚²²/ | |
Cantonese | Guangzhou | /kit̚³/ |
Nanning | /kit̚³³/ | |
Hong Kong | /kit̚³/ | |
Min | Xiamen (Min Nan) | /kiat̚³²/ /kat̚³²/ |
Fuzhou (Min Dong) | /kiɛʔ²³/ | |
Jian'ou (Min Bei) | /kiɛ²⁴/ | |
Shantou (Min Nan) | /kiak̚²/ /kak̚²/ |
|
Haikou (Min Nan) | /kit̚⁵/ /kak̚⁵/ /xak̚⁵/ |
Rime | |
---|---|
Character | 結 |
Reading # | 1/1 |
Initial (聲) | 見 (28) |
Final (韻) | 屑 (87) |
Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) |
Openness (開合) | Open |
Division (等) | IV |
Fanqie | 古屑切 |
Reconstructions | |
Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/ket̚/ |
Pan Wuyun |
/ket̚/ |
Shao Rongfen |
/kɛt̚/ |
Edwin Pulleyblank |
/kɛt̚/ |
Li Rong |
/ket̚/ |
Wang Li |
/kiet̚/ |
Bernard Karlgren |
/kiet̚/ |
Expected Mandarin Reflex |
jie |
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | |
---|---|
Character | 結 |
Reading # | 1/1 |
Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
jié |
Middle Chinese |
‹ ket › |
Old Chinese |
/*kˤi[t]/ |
English | tie (v.) |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; |
Zhengzhang system (2003) | |
---|---|
Character | 結 |
Reading # | 1/1 |
No. | 5681 |
Phonetic component |
吉 |
Rime group |
質 |
Rime subdivision |
1 |
Corresponding MC rime |
結 |
Old Chinese |
/*kiːd/ |
DefinitionsEdit
結
CompoundsEdit
Derived terms from 結
JapaneseEdit
KanjiEdit
結
ReadingsEdit
- Goon: けち (kechi)
- Kan’on: けつ (ketsu, Jōyō)
- On: けい (kei)
- Kun: むすび (musubi, 結び); むすぶ (musubu, 結ぶ, Jōyō); ゆい (yui, 結い)←ゆひ (yufi, historical); ゆう (yuu, 結う, Jōyō)←ゆふ (yufu, historical); ゆわう (yuwau, 結わう)←ゆはふ (yufafu, historical); ゆわえる (yuwaeru, 結わえる, Jōyō)←ゆはへる (yufaferu, historical); いわえる (iwaeru, 結える)←いはへる (ifaferu, historical); いわく (iwaku, 結く)←いはく (ifaku, historical); かたなす (katanasu, 結なす); かたぬ (katanu, 結ぬ); かためる (katameru, 結める); すく (suku, 結く)
- Nanori: ゆい (yui)
CompoundsEdit
Compounds
Proper nounEdit
- a female given name
KoreanEdit
HanjaEdit
結 • (gyeol) (hangeul 결, revised gyeol, McCune-Reischauer kyŏl, Yale kyel)
CompoundsEdit
- 團結 (단결) unity; solidarity
- 集結 (집결) gathering
- 連結 (연결) connection; linking
- 結合 (결합) union cohesion
- 結付 (결부) linking; involving
- 結婚 (결혼) marriage; wedding
- 姊妹結緣 (자매결연) sisterhood relationship
- 結果 (결과) result
- 結局 (결국) eventually
- 結論 (결론) conclusion
- 結末 (결말) conclusion; an end
- 結實 (결실) bearing fruit; fruition
- 結核 (결핵) tuberculosis