破格
Chinese
editto break; to split; broken to break; to split; broken; damaged; worn out |
frame; rule | ||
---|---|---|---|
simp. and trad. (破格) |
破 | 格 |
Pronunciation 1
edit- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): po3 gaak3
- Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): phò͘-keh / phò-keh / phò-keeh / phò-kek
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄆㄛˋ ㄍㄜˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: pògé
- Wade–Giles: pʻo4-ko2
- Yale: pwò-gé
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: pohger
- Palladius: погэ (pogɛ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /pʰu̯ɔ⁵¹ kɤ³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, erhua-ed)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄆㄛˋ ㄍㄜˊㄦ
- Tongyong Pinyin: pògér
- Wade–Giles: pʻo4-ko2-ʼrh
- Yale: pwò-gér
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: pohger'l
- Palladius: погэр (pogɛr)
- Sinological IPA (key): /pʰu̯ɔ⁵¹ kɤɻ³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: po3 gaak3
- Yale: po gaak
- Cantonese Pinyin: po3 gaak8
- Guangdong Romanization: po3 gag3
- Sinological IPA (key): /pʰɔː³³ kaːk̚³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: phò͘-keh
- Tâi-lô: phòo-keh
- Phofsit Daibuun: phorkeq
- IPA (Quanzhou): /pʰɔ⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ keʔ⁵/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: phò-keh
- Tâi-lô: phò-keh
- Phofsit Daibuun: phoirkeq
- IPA (Xiamen): /pʰo²¹⁻⁵³ keʔ³²/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: phò-keeh
- Tâi-lô: phò-keeh
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /pʰo²¹⁻⁵³ kɛʔ³²/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: phò-kek
- Tâi-lô: phò-kik
- Phofsit Daibuun: phoirkeg
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /pʰo²¹⁻⁵³ kiɪk̚³²/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
Verb
edit破格
Adjective
edit破格
Pronunciation 2
editAdjective
edit破格
- (Mainland China Hokkien) having uncultured mannerisms and language (usually referring to a woman in Quanzhou and Xiamen)
- (Taiwanese Hokkien) bearing bad luck due to bad astrological signs
Japanese
editKanji in this term | |
---|---|
破 | 格 |
は Grade: 5 |
かく Grade: 5 |
on'yomi |
Pronunciation
editAdjective
edit破格 • (hakaku) -na (adnominal 破格な (hakaku na), adverbial 破格に (hakaku ni))
- exceptional, special, above average
- ungrammatical, poor (in terms of writing)
Inflection
editInflection of 破格
Stem forms | |||
---|---|---|---|
Imperfective (未然形) | 破格だろ | はかくだろ | hakaku daro |
Continuative (連用形) | 破格で | はかくで | hakaku de |
Terminal (終止形) | 破格だ | はかくだ | hakaku da |
Attributive (連体形) | 破格な | はかくな | hakaku na |
Hypothetical (仮定形) | 破格なら | はかくなら | hakaku nara |
Imperative (命令形) | 破格であれ | はかくであれ | hakaku de are |
Key constructions | |||
Informal negative | 破格ではない 破格じゃない |
はかくではない はかくじゃない |
hakaku de wa nai hakaku ja nai |
Informal past | 破格だった | はかくだった | hakaku datta |
Informal negative past | 破格ではなかった 破格じゃなかった |
はかくではなかった はかくじゃなかった |
hakaku de wa nakatta hakaku ja nakatta |
Formal | 破格です | はかくです | hakaku desu |
Formal negative | 破格ではありません 破格じゃありません |
はかくではありません はかくじゃありません |
hakaku de wa arimasen hakaku ja arimasen |
Formal past | 破格でした | はかくでした | hakaku deshita |
Formal negative past | 破格ではありませんでした 破格じゃありませんでした |
はかくではありませんでした はかくじゃありませんでした |
hakaku de wa arimasen deshita hakaku ja arimasen deshita |
Conjunctive | 破格で | はかくで | hakaku de |
Conditional | 破格なら(ば) | はかくなら(ば) | hakaku nara (ba) |
Provisional | 破格だったら | はかくだったら | hakaku dattara |
Volitional | 破格だろう | はかくだろう | hakaku darō |
Adverbial | 破格に | はかくに | hakaku ni |
Degree | 破格さ | はかくさ | hakakusa |
Noun
edit- exceptionalness
- 破格の待遇に喜んだ。
- Hakaku no taigū ni yorokonda.
- They were pleased with the exceptional hospitality.
- 破格の待遇に喜んだ。
- solecism
References
edit- ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
- 2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.
Categories:
- Chinese lemmas
- Mandarin lemmas
- Cantonese lemmas
- Hokkien lemmas
- Chinese verbs
- Mandarin verbs
- Cantonese verbs
- Hokkien verbs
- Chinese adjectives
- Hokkien adjectives
- Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Chinese terms spelled with 破
- Chinese terms spelled with 格
- Mandarin terms with usage examples
- Xiamen Hokkien
- Mainland China Chinese
- Hokkien Chinese
- Taiwanese Hokkien
- Japanese terms spelled with 破 read as は
- Japanese terms spelled with 格 read as かく
- Japanese terms read with on'yomi
- Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Japanese lemmas
- Japanese adjectives
- Japanese な-na adjectives
- Japanese terms spelled with fifth grade kanji
- Japanese terms with 2 kanji
- Japanese nouns
- Japanese terms with usage examples