硯
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Translingual
editHan character
edit硯 (Kangxi radical 112, 石+7, 12 strokes, cangjie input 一口月山山 (MRBUU), four-corner 16610, composition ⿰石見)
References
edit- Kangxi Dictionary: page 831, character 8
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 24233
- Dae Jaweon: page 1247, character 6
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2433, character 5
- Unihan data for U+786F
Chinese
edit| trad. | 硯 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. | 砚 | |
Glyph origin
edit| Historical forms of the character 硯 | |
|---|---|
| Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
|
|
Pronunciation
edit- Mandarin
- (Standard)
- (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): yan4
- Cantonese
- Gan (Wiktionary): nyien5
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): ie3
- Northern Min (KCR): mīng
- Eastern Min (BUC): ngiéng
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 6gni
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): nyienn5
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄧㄢˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: yàn
- Wade–Giles: yen4
- Yale: yàn
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yann
- Palladius: янь (janʹ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /jɛn⁵¹/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: yan4
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: ian
- Sinological IPA (key): /iɛn²¹³/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: jin6 / jin6-2
- Yale: yihn / yín
- Cantonese Pinyin: jin6 / jin6-2
- Guangdong Romanization: yin6 / yin6-2
- Sinological IPA (key): /jiːn²²/, /jiːn²²⁻³⁵/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: ngun4
- Sinological IPA (key): /ᵑɡun²¹/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: nyien5
- Sinological IPA (key): /n̠ʲiɛn¹¹/
- (Nanchang)
- Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yen
- Hakka Romanization System: ien
- Hagfa Pinyim: yan4
- Sinological IPA: /i̯en⁵⁵/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yan
- Hakka Romanization System: (r)ian
- Hagfa Pinyim: yan4
- Sinological IPA: /(j)i̯an⁵⁵/
- (Meixian)
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: ie3
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /ie⁴⁵/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: mīng
- Sinological IPA (key): /miŋ⁵⁵/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: ngiéng
- Sinological IPA (key): /ŋiɛŋ²¹³/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese, Kinmen, Magong)
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: giān
- Tâi-lô: giān
- Phofsit Daibuun: gien
- IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /ɡiɛn²²/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /ɡiɛn⁴¹/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, dated in Xiamen, dated in Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hiān
- Tâi-lô: hiān
- Phofsit Daibuun: hien
- IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /hiɛn²²/
- IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /hiɛn³³/
Note:
- hīⁿ - vernacular;
- giān/hiān - literary.
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: in7 / ngi7
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: īⁿ / ngī
- Sinological IPA (key): /ĩ¹¹/, /ŋi¹¹/
Note:
- in7 - Chaozhou, Shantou, Chenghai;
- ngi7 - Jieyang, Chaoyang.
- Dialectal data
| Variety | Location | 硯 |
|---|---|---|
| Mandarin | Beijing | /ian⁵¹/ |
| Harbin | /ian⁵³/ | |
| Tianjin | /ian⁵³/ | |
| Jinan | /iã²¹/ | |
| Qingdao | /iã⁴²/ | |
| Zhengzhou | /ian³¹²/ | |
| Xi'an | /iã⁴⁴/ | |
| Xining | /iã²¹³/ | |
| Yinchuan | /ian¹³/ | |
| Lanzhou | /iɛ̃n¹³/ | |
| Ürümqi | /ian²¹³/ | |
| Wuhan | /niɛn³⁵/ | |
| Chengdu | /ȵian¹³/ | |
| Guiyang | /nian²¹³/ | |
| Kunming | /iɛ̃²¹²/ | |
| Nanjing | /ien⁴⁴/ | |
| Hefei | /iĩ⁵³/ | |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /ie⁴⁵/ |
| Pingyao | /ȵie̞³⁵/ | |
| Hohhot | /ie⁵⁵/ | |
| Wu | Shanghai | /ȵi²³/ |
| Suzhou | /ȵiɪ³¹/ | |
| Hangzhou | /ʔiẽ̞⁴⁴⁵/ | |
| Wenzhou | /ȵi²²/ | |
| Hui | Shexian | /ne²²/ |
| Tunxi | /ȵiɛ¹¹/ | |
| Xiang | Changsha | /ȵiẽ⁵⁵/ /ȵiẽ¹¹/ |
| Xiangtan | /ȵiẽ²¹/ | |
| Gan | Nanchang | /ȵiɛn²¹/ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /ian⁵³/ |
| Taoyuan | /ʒen⁵⁵/ | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /jin²²/ |
| Nanning | /jin²²/ | |
| Hong Kong | /jin²²/ | |
| Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /gian²²/ /hĩ²²/ |
| Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /ŋiɛŋ²¹²/ | |
| Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /ŋiŋ⁴⁴/ /miŋ⁴⁴/ 俗 | |
| Shantou (Teochew) | /ĩ³¹/ | |
| Haikou (Hainanese) | /ŋi²³/ |
- Middle Chinese: ngenH
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*C.[ŋ]ˤe[r]-s/
- (Zhengzhang): /*ŋɡeːn/, /*ŋɡeːns/
Definitions
edit硯
Synonyms
editCompounds
edit- 不親筆硯／不亲笔砚
- 共筆硯／共笔砚
- 凹心硯／凹心砚
- 同硯／同砚 (tóngyàn)
- 弓硯緣／弓砚缘
- 松花硯／松花砚
- 歙硯／歙砚
- 洮硯／洮砚
- 漆砂硯／漆砂砚
- 澄泥硯／澄泥砚
- 焚硯／焚砚
- 石硯／石砚
- 硯兄／砚兄
- 硯友／砚友
- 硯右／砚右
- 硯史／砚史
- 硯席／砚席
- 硯弟／砚弟
- 硯水壺兒／砚水壶儿
- 硯水滴兒／砚水滴儿
- 硯池／砚池
- 硯海／砚海
- 硯滴／砚滴
- 硯瓦／砚瓦 (yànwǎ)
- 硯田／砚田
- 硯箋／砚笺
- 硯耕／砚耕
- 硯臺／砚台 (yàntái)
- 硯譜／砚谱
- 硯銘／砚铭
- 磨穿鐵硯／磨穿铁砚 (móchuāntiěyàn)
- 端硯／端砚 (duānyàn)
- 筆刀硯城／笔刀砚城
- 筆墨紙硯／笔墨纸砚 (bǐmòzhǐyàn)
- 紅絲硯／红丝砚
- 螺溪石硯／螺溪石砚
- 螺溪硯／螺溪砚
- 鐵硯磨穿／铁砚磨穿
- 陶硯／陶砚
- 龍尾硯／龙尾砚
Japanese
editKanji
edit硯
Readings
editCompounds
editEtymology
edit| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 硯 |
| すずり Jinmeiyō |
| kun'yomi |
| For pronunciation and definitions of 硯 – see the following entry. | ||
| ||
| (This term, 硯, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) |
Korean
editHanja
edit硯 • (yeon) (hangeul 연, revised yeon, McCune–Reischauer yŏn, Yale yen)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}.
Vietnamese
editHan character
edit硯: Hán Nôm readings: nghiền, nghiên, nghiễn, nghẽn, khố
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}.
References
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- Japanese kanji
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- Japanese kanji with goon reading げん
- Japanese kanji with kan'on reading げん
- Japanese kanji with kan'yōon reading けん
- Japanese kanji with kun reading すずり
- Japanese terms spelled with 硯 read as すずり
- Japanese terms read with kun'yomi
- Japanese nouns
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