Wiktionary

石

See also: 右
石 U+77F3, 石
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-77F3
← 矲
[U+77F2] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 矴 →
[U+77F4]
⽯ U+2F6F, ⽯
KANGXI RADICAL STONE
← ⽮
[U+2F6E] 		Kangxi Radicals ⽰ →
[U+2F70]

TranslingualEdit

Stroke order
 
Stroke order
 

Han characterEdit

See images of
Radical 112 石

石 (Kangxi radical 112, 石+0, 5 strokes, cangjie input 一口 (MR), four-corner 10600, composition ⿸丆口)

  1. Kangxi radical #112, ⽯.

Derived charactersEdit

ReferencesEdit

  • KangXi: page 827, character 1
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 24024
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1239, character 7
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2416, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+77F3

ChineseEdit

simp. and trad.
 石

Glyph originEdit

Historical forms of the character 石
Shang Western Zhou Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Chu slip and silk script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
         
Characters in the same phonetic series (石) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
柘 *tjaɡs
妬 *taːɡs
蠹 *taːɡs
沰 *taːɡ, *tʰaːɡ
拓 *tʰaːɡ, *tjaɡ
橐 *tʰaːɡ
袥 *tʰaːɡ
驝 *tʰaːɡ, *raːɡ
斫 *tjaɡ
磭 *ŋrɯnʔ, *ŋ̊ʰjaɡ, *ŋaɡ
磔 *rtaːɡ
跖 *tjaɡ
石 *djaɡ
碩 *djaɡ
祏 *djaɡ
鉐 *djaɡ
鼫 *djaɡ

Pictogram (象形): a stone beneath a cliff (厂). The cliff was subsequently distorted into 丆.

Alternatively, a cave set into the side of a cliff or mountain.

Etymology 1Edit

Unknown. Probably related to Proto-Vietic *l-taːʔ (“stone”) (whence Vietnamese đá) and Khmer ដា (daa, “rock; stone”) (Schuessler, 2007), to which Chinese would have added the familiar final -k.

PronunciationEdit

Note:
  • siŏh - vernacular;
  • sĭk - literary.
  • Min Nan
    • Note:
    • chio̍h - vernacular (incl. surname);
    • siā/sia̍h - vernacular (limited, e.g. 石榴, 石硯, 石石 (siā-chio̍h));
    • se̍k/si̍t/se̍t/sia̍k - literary.
    • (Teochew)
      • Peng'im: ziêh8 / zioh8 / sig8 / sêg8 / siêh8 / sioh8
      • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsie̍h / tsio̍h / si̍k / se̍k / sie̍h / sio̍h
      • Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sieʔ⁴/, /t͡sioʔ⁴/, /sik̚⁴/, /sek̚⁴/, /sieʔ⁴/, /sioʔ⁴/
    Note:
    • ziêh8 - vernacular (incl. surname) (Chaozhou);
    • zioh8 - vernacular (incl. surname) (Shantou, Jieyang, Chaoyang);
    • sig8 - literary (Chaozhou);
    • sêg8 - literary (Jieyang);
    • siêh8 - only in 石榴 (Chaozhou);
    • sioh8 - only in 石榴 (Shantou, Jieyang, Chaoyang).
  • Wu
  • Xiang
    • Dialectal data
    Variety Location 石
    Mandarin Beijing /ʂʐ̩³⁵/
    Harbin /ʂʐ̩²⁴/
    Tianjin /ʂʐ̩⁴⁵/
    Jinan /ʂʐ̩⁴²/
    Qingdao /ʃz̩⁴²/
    Zhengzhou /ʂʐ̩⁴²/
    Xi'an /ʂʐ̩²⁴/
    Xining /ʂʐ̩²⁴/
    Yinchuan /ʂʐ̩¹³/
    Lanzhou /ʂʐ̩⁵³/
    Ürümqi /ʂʐ̩⁵¹/
    Wuhan /sz̩²¹³/
    Chengdu /sz̩³¹/
    Guiyang /sz̩²¹/
    Kunming /ʂʐ̩³¹/
    Nanjing /ʂʐ̩ʔ⁵/
    Hefei /ʂəʔ⁵/
    Jin Taiyuan /səʔ⁵⁴/
    Pingyao /ʂʌʔ⁵³/
    Hohhot /səʔ⁴³/
    Wu Shanghai /zəʔ¹/
    Suzhou /zɑʔ³/
    Hangzhou /zɑʔ²/
    Wenzhou /zei²¹³/
    Hui Shexian /ɕi²²/
    Tunxi /ɕi¹¹/
    Xiang Changsha /ʂʐ̩²⁴/
    Xiangtan /ʂɒ⁵⁵/
    Gan Nanchang /sɑʔ²/
    Hakka Meixian /sak̚⁵/
    Taoyuan /ʃɑk̚⁵⁵/
    Cantonese Guangzhou /sɛk̚²/
    Nanning /sɛk̚²²/
    Hong Kong /sɛk̚²/
    Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /sik̚⁵/
    /t͡sioʔ⁵/
    /sia²²/
    Fuzhou (Min Dong) /suoʔ⁵/
    Jian'ou (Min Bei) /t͡siɔ⁴⁴/
    /si⁴⁴/
    Shantou (Min Nan) /t͡sioʔ⁵/
    Haikou (Min Nan) /sek̚⁵/
    /t͡sio³³/
    Rime
    Character 石
    Reading # 1/1
    Initial (聲) 常 (25)
    Final (韻) 昔 (123)
    Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division (等) III
    Fanqie 常隻切
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/d͡ʑiᴇk̚/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/d͡ʑiɛk̚/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/d͡ʑiæk̚/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/d͡ʑiajk̚/
    Li
    Rong         		/ʑiɛk̚/
    Wang
    Li         		/ʑĭɛk̚/
    Bernard
    Karlgren         		/ʑi̯ɛk̚/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		shí
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex         		sik6
    Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character 石
    Reading # 1/1
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)         		shí
    Middle
    Chinese         		‹ dzyek ›
    Old
    Chinese         		/*dAk/
    English stone

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 石
    Reading # 1/1
    No. 11470
    Phonetic
    component         		石
    Rime
    group         		鐸
    Rime
    subdivision         		0
    Corresponding
    MC rime         		石
    Old
    Chinese         		/*djaɡ/

    DefinitionsEdit

    石

    1. stone; rock (Classifier: 嚿 c; 塊／块 c)
    2. a surname
      石陽／石阳  ―  Shí Yáng  ―  Shih Yang (a pirate leader who terrorized the China Seas during the early 19th century)
    SynonymsEdit
    Dialectal synonyms of 石頭 (“stone; rock”) [map]
    Variety Location Words
    Classical Chinese 石
    Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 石頭
    Mandarin Beijing 石頭
    Taiwan 石頭
    Tianjin 石頭
    Tangshan 石頭
    Cangzhou 石頭
    Xianxian (Xiaoying) 石頭
    Baoding 石頭
    Shijiazhuang 石頭
    Chifeng 石頭
    Hulunbuir (Hailar) 石頭
    Harbin 石頭
    Wuchang (Yingchengzi) 石頭
    Shenyang 石頭
    Yantai (Muping) 石頭
    Qingdao 石頭
    Jinan 石頭
    Luoyang 石頭
    Wanrong 石頭
    Zhengzhou 石頭
    Xi'an 石頭
    Dingbian 石頭
    Yinchuan 石頭
    Lanzhou 石頭
    Xining 石頭
    Ürümqi 石頭
    Wuhan 石頭
    Chengdu 石頭
    Muli 石頭
    Guiyang 石頭
    Kunming 石頭
    Guilin 石頭
    Guilin (Lingui) 石頭
    Pingle 石頭
    Liuzhou 石頭
    Liuzhou (Luorong) 石頭
    Luzhai 石頭
    Nanning (Wuming) 石頭
    Binyang (Nanjie) 石頭
    Tianlin (Langping) 岩頭
    Qinzhou (Longmengang) 石頭
    Xiangtan (Jiangnan Industries Group koine) 石頭
    Xuzhou 石頭
    Yangzhou 石頭
    Nanjing 石頭
    Hefei 石頭
    Nantong 石頭
    Qimen (Anling Junhua) 石頭
    Singapore 石頭
    Dagudi (Maliba) 石頭
    Reshuitang (Longling) 石頭
    Mae Salong (Lancang) 石頭
    Mae Sai (Tengchong) 石頭
    Oudomxay 石頭
    Pematangsiantar 石頭
    Olginsky (Mikhaylovka) 石頭
    Cantonese Guangzhou 石, 石頭, 石牯
    Hong Kong 石, 石頭
    Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou) 石仔, 石頭
    Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou) 石頭
    Hong Kong (Ting Kok) 石牯
    Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) 石牯
    Macau 石頭, 石
    Guangzhou (Panyu) 石頭
    Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) 石頭
    Guangzhou (Conghua) 石頭
    Guangzhou (Zengcheng) 石頭 small, 石牯 large
    Foshan 石
    Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) 石頭
    Foshan (Shunde) 石頭
    Foshan (Sanshui) 石頭
    Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) 石頭
    Zhongshan (Shiqi) 石頭
    Zhuhai (Qianshan) 石頭
    Zhuhai (Doumen, Shangheng Tanka) 石頭
    Zhuhai (Doumen) 石頭
    Jiangmen (Baisha) 石頭
    Jiangmen (Xinhui) 石頭
    Taishan 石牯
    Taishan (Guanghai) 石頭, 石牯蛋
    Kaiping (Chikan) 石頭
    Enping (Niujiang) 石頭
    Heshan (Yayao) 石頭
    Dongguan 石頭
    Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) 石頭
    Qingyuan 石
    Fogang 石頭
    Yingde (Hanguang) 石牯
    Yangshan 石 large, 石頭 small
    Lianshan (Butian) 石
    Lianzhou (Qingshui Sihui) 石頭
    Shaoguan 石頭
    Shaoguan (Qujiang) 石頭
    Renhua 石牯
    Lechang 石頭
    Zhaoqing (Gaoyao) 石頭
    Sihui 石頭
    Guangning 石頭
    Deqing 石頭
    Huaiji 石頭
    Fengkai (Nanfeng) 石頭
    Yunfu 石頭
    Xinxing 石頭
    Luoding 石頭
    Yunan (Pingtai) 石頭
    Yangjiang 石頭, 石牯
    Xinyi 石頭
    Maoming (Xinpo) 石頭
    Lianjiang 石, 石頭
    Nanning 石頭
    Wuzhou 石
    Yulin 石頭
    Hepu (Lianzhou) 石頭
    Hepu (Shatian) 石頭
    Guiping 石頭
    Guiping (Jintian) 石頭
    Guiping (Jiangkou) 石頭
    Guiping (Madong) 石頭
    Mengshan (Xihe) 石頭
    Guigang (Nanjiang) 石頭
    Beiliu (Tangliao) 石頭
    Baise 石頭
    Bobai 石頭
    Lingshan 石頭
    Pubei 石頭
    Qinzhou 石頭
    Qinzhou (Changtan) 石頭
    Qinzhou (Xiniujiao) 石頭
    Beihai 石頭
    Beihai (Nankang) 石頭
    Beihai (Yingpan) 石頭
    Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô) 石頭
    Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà) 石
    Ningming 石頭
    Hengxian 石頭
    Hezhou (Pumen) 石頭
    Fangchenggang (Fangcheng) 石頭
    Chongzuo (Laituan) 石頭
    Fusui (Qujiu) 石頭
    Danzhou 石頭
    Sanya (Yanglan Maihua) 石頭
    Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 石牯, 石仔
    Singapore (Guangfu) 石頭
    Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) 石頭
    Móng Cái 石頭
    Mandalay (Taishan) 石頭
    Gan Nanchang 石頭
    Pengze 石頭
    Lichuan 石頭
    Pingxiang 石頭
    Hakka Meixian 石頭
    Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) 石頭, 石牯
    Huiyang 石牯
    Dongguan (Qingxi) 石牯
    Boluo (Bendihua) 石牯
    Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) 石牯
    Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) 石頭
    Heyuan (Bendihua) 石牯
    Longchuan (Tuocheng Bendihua) 石頭
    Heping (Linzhai Bendihua) 石頭
    Lianping (Longjie Bendihua) 石牯
    Wengyuan 石頭
    Liannan 石頭
    Conghua (Lütian) 石頭
    Jiexi 石頭
    Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan) 石頭牯
    Changting 石頭
    Wuping (Yanqian) 石頭
    Ninghua 石頭
    Yudu 石頭
    Ningdu 石頭
    Tonggu (Sandu) 石頭
    Ganzhou (Panlong) 石子
    Dayu 石頭
    Miaoli (N. Sixian) 石頭, 石牯
    Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 石頭, 石牯
    Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 石頭, 石牯
    Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 石頭, 石牯
    Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 石頭, 石牯
    Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 石頭
    Hong Kong 石頭
    Yangxi (Tangkou) 石頭
    Yangchun (Sanjia) 石頭
    Xinyi (Sihe) 石頭
    Xinyi (Qianpai) 石頭
    Gaozhou (Xindong) 石頭
    Dianbai (Shalang) 石頭
    Huazhou (Xin'an) 石頭
    Lianjiang (Shijiao) 石頭
    Lianjiang (Qingping) 石頭
    Mengshan (Xihe) 石頭
    Luchuan 石頭
    Luchuan (Daqiao) 石頭
    Bobai (Shahe) 石頭
    Bobai (Longtan) 石頭
    Bobai (Lingping) 石頭
    Beiliu (Tang'an) 石頭
    Beiliu (Gonghe) 石頭
    Xingye (Gaofeng) 石頭
    Mashan (Pianlian) 石頭
    Guilin (Xiaojiang, Lingui) 石頭
    Pingle (Tong'an) 石頭, 石頭牯
    Yangshuo (Jinbao) 石頭, 石牯, 馬卵牯
    Senai (Huiyang) 石牯
    Singkawang 石牯
    Huizhou Jixi 石頭, 石塔
    Shexian 石頭
    Qimen (Anling Minhua) 石頭
    Jin Taiyuan 石頭
    Datong 石頭, 石頭塊子
    Datong (Xicetian, Yunzhou) 石頭
    Xinzhou 石頭
    Changzhi 石頭
    Linhe 石頭
    Jining 石頭
    Hohhot 石頭
    Zhangjiakou 石頭
    Handan 石頭
    Min Bei Jian'ou 石, 石埠
    Min Dong Fuzhou 石, 石頭
    Changle 石
    Fuqing 石頭
    Matsu 石頭母
    Min Nan Xiamen 石頭
    Quanzhou 石, 石頭
    Jinjiang 石頭
    Yongchun 石頭, 石頭牯, 石牯
    Dehua 石牯
    Zhangzhou 石頭, 石部 large
    Zhao'an 石頭
    Dongshan 石, 石頭
    Taipei 石頭 GT
    Penang (Hokkien) 礣砥, 石頭, 石
    Singapore (Hokkien) 石頭, 礣砥
    Manila (Hokkien) 石頭
    Zhangping (Yongfu) 石牯, 石頭牯
    Pingnan (Shangdu) 石頭
    Pingnan (Pingtian) 石頭
    Guiping (Xiaowen) 石頭
    Guiping (Dongsheng) 石頭
    Guilin (Biyange) 石頭
    Chaozhou 石部
    Shantou 石部, 石
    Shantou (Chenghai) 石部
    Shantou (Chaoyang) 石頭
    Jieyang 石, 石部, 石牯, 老石部
    Lufeng 石部
    Haifeng 石部
    Bangkok (Teochew) 石牯
    Johor Bahru (Teochew) 石頭
    Wenchang 石母
    Haikou 石母, 塗石母
    Puxian Min Putian 石頭牯, 石頭
    Xianyou 石牯, 石頭, 石
    Min Zhong Yong'an 石頭
    Yanping (Wangtai) 石頭
    Zhongshan Min Shaxi (Longdu) 石
    Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 石頭
    Nanning (Shajing) 石頭
    Nanning (Gejiayuan) 石頭
    Nanning (Zhegulu) 石頭
    Nanning (Silian) 石頭
    Nanning (Xiuxiang) 石頭角
    Binyang 石頭
    Chongzuo (Laituan) 石頭
    Northern Pinghua Guilin (Dahe) 石頭
    Guilin (Chaoyang) 石頭
    Guilin (Zhuyuan) 石頭
    Guilin (Wutong, Lingui) 石頭
    Guilin (Liutang, Lingui) 石頭
    Lingchuan (Sanjie) 石頭, 石頭牯
    Lingchuan (Gaoqiao) 石頭
    Lingchuan (Tanxia) 石頭
    Lingchuan (Shuangzhou) 石頭
    Guanyang (Guanyinge) 石頭牯
    Yangshuo (Jima) 石頭
    Shehua Fu'an 石
    Fuding 石
    Luoyuan 石
    Sanming 石
    Shunchang 石
    Hua'an 石
    Guixi (Zhangping) 石
    Cangnan 石
    Jingning 石
    Lishui 石
    Longyou 石
    Chaozhou 石
    Fengshun 石
    Wu Shanghai 石頭
    Shanghai (Chongming) 石頭
    Suzhou 石頭
    Danyang 石頭
    Hangzhou 石頭
    Hangzhou (Fuyang) 石頭
    Ningbo 石頭
    Wenzhou 石頭, 石岩, 石, 岩
    Jinhua 石頭
    Xiang Changsha 石頭
    Shuangfeng 石頭
    Quanzhou 石頭
    Note GT - General Taiwanese (no specific region identified)

    CompoundsEdit

    Derived terms from 石

    DescendantsEdit

    Sino-Xenic (石):
    • → Japanese: 石(せき) (seki)
    • → Korean: 석 (石, seok)
    • → Vietnamese: thạch (石)

    (Others)

    • → Tocharian B: cāk

    Etymology 2Edit

    From 擔／担 (dàn) (Qiu, 1988).

    PronunciationEdit

    DefinitionsEdit

    石

    1. † a unit of dry measure for grain (equal to 100 liters)

    CompoundsEdit

    JapaneseEdit

    KanjiEdit

    石

    (grade 1 “Kyōiku” kanji)

    ReadingsEdit

    CompoundsEdit

    Compounds

    Etymology 1Edit

    Kanji in this term
    石
    いし
    Grade: 1
    kun’yomi

    ⟨isi⟩ → /iɕi/

    From Old Japanese.[1] First cited in the Man'yōshū of 759. In turn, the Old Japanese is reconstructed as from Proto-Japonic *esi.

    Likely cognate with 磯 (iso, “pebble; gravel; rocky beach”).

    PronunciationEdit

    NounEdit

    石(いし) • (ishi) 

    1. a stone
      • 1999 March 27, “ストーン・アルマジラー [Stone Armadiller]”, in Vol.2, Konami:
        体(からだ)が石(いし)のように堅(かた)い毛(け)で覆(おお)われており、守(まも)りがかたい。
        Karada ga ishi no yō ni katai ke de ōwareteori, mamori ga katai.
        With a body covered in a coat as hard as stones, its defence is solid.
    2. (slang, electronics) a transistor
    Derived termsEdit

    Etymology 2Edit

    Kanji in this term
    石
    こく
    Grade: 1
    kan’yōon

    From Middle Chinese 斛 (MC ɦuk̚).

    The 石 spelling came about through customary use in Japan of this character for the unit of measure.[1]

    PronunciationEdit

    NounEdit

    石(こく) • (koku) 

    1. a traditional Japanese unit of volume:
      1. for grains of rice; one koku is equal to approximately 180 litres
      2. (by extension, historical) for land of famous daimyo or samurai; one koku is also approximately 180 litres
      3. for 和船 (wasen); one koku is equal to 10 cubic shaku or approximately 0.278 cubic metres
    2. a unit of quantity for 鮭 (sake, “salmon”) and 鱒 (masu, “trout”); one koku is equal to 40 salmon or 60 trout
    Derived termsEdit
    DescendantsEdit

    Etymology 3Edit

    Kanji in this term
    石
    せき
    Grade: 1
    kan’on

    From Middle Chinese 石 (MC d͡ʑiᴇk̚).

    PronunciationEdit

    CounterEdit

    石(せき) • (-seki) 

    1. counter for gemstones used as bearings in watches and other devices
    2. (slang, electronics) counter for transistors, especially discrete ones
      六(ろく)石(せき)ラジオ
      rokuseki rajio
      six-transistor radio

    NounEdit

    石(せき) • (seki) 

    1. Same as こく (koku) above

    AffixEdit

    石(せき) • (seki) 

    1. stone
    2. needle made of stone
    3. go stone
    4. something solid but worthless
    5. Short for 石見国 (Iwami-no-kuni): Iwami Province

    ReferencesEdit

    1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
    2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
    3. ^ 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN

    KoreanEdit

    EtymologyEdit

    From Middle Chinese 石 (MC d͡ʑiᴇk̚).

    Historical Readings
    Dongguk Jeongun Reading
    Dongguk Jeongun, 1448 쎡〮 (Yale: ssyék)
    Middle Korean
    Text Eumhun
    Gloss (hun) Reading
    Hunmong Jahoe, 1527[1] 돌〯 (Yale: twǒl) 셕〮 (Yale: syék)

    PronunciationEdit

    HanjaEdit

    Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

    Wikisource

    石 (eumhun 돌 석 (dol seok))

    1. Hanja form? of 석 (“stone”).

    CompoundsEdit

    Compounds

    ReferencesEdit

    • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [2]

    KunigamiEdit

    KanjiEdit

    石

    EtymologyEdit

    Cognate with Japanese 石 (ishi).

    PronunciationEdit

    NounEdit

    石 (hiragana しー, romaji shī)

    1. stone

    MiyakoEdit

    KanjiEdit

    石

    EtymologyEdit

    Cognate with Japanese 石 (ishi).

    PronunciationEdit

    NounEdit

    石 (hiragana いす, romaji isu)

    1. stone

    ReferencesEdit

    • “イス” in Okinawa Center of Language Study, Miyako Dialect Dictionary.
    • “いす” in Celik Kenan Thibault, Online Miyako Dictionary, 2016.

    OkinawanEdit

    KanjiEdit

    石

    EtymologyEdit

    Cognate with Japanese 石 (ishi).

    PronunciationEdit

    NounEdit

    石 (hiragana いし, romaji ishi)

    1. stone

    ReferencesEdit

    • “イシ” in Okinawa Center of Language Study, Shuri-Naha Dialect Dictionary.

    Old JapaneseEdit

    EtymologyEdit

    Cognate with 磯 (iso1, “pebble; gravel; rocky beach”).

    NounEdit

    石 (isi) (kana いし)

    1. a stone
      • c. 759, Man'yōshū (book 5, poem 869), text here
        多良志比賣可尾能美許等能奈都良須等美多多志世利斯伊志遠多礼美吉
        tarasi pi1me1 kami2 no2 mi1ko2to2 no2 na turasu to2 mi1-tatasi serisi isi wo tare miki1
        (please add an English translation of this usage example)
        [Note: Another version replaces na turasu to2 with 阿由都流等 (ayu turu to2, “catching sweetfishes”)

    Derived termsEdit

    DescendantsEdit

    • Japanese: 石 (ishi)

    VietnameseEdit

    Han characterEdit

    石: Hán Việt readings: thạch[1][2][3], đán[3]
    石: Nôm readings: thạch[1][2], sạch[1]

    1. chữ Hán form of thạch (“stone”).

    ReferencesEdit

    1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Nguyễn (2014).
    2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Nguyễn et al. (2009).
    3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Trần (2004).

    YaeyamaEdit

    KanjiEdit

    石

    EtymologyEdit

    Cognate with Japanese 石 (ishi).

    PronunciationEdit

    NounEdit

    石 (hiragana いしぃ, romaji isï)

    1. stone

    YonaguniEdit

    KanjiEdit

    石

    EtymologyEdit

    Cognate with Japanese 石 (ishi).

    PronunciationEdit

    NounEdit

    石 (hiragana いち, romaji ichi)

    1. stone

    ReferencesEdit

    • “いち【石】” in JLect - Japonic Languages and Dialects Database Dictionary, 2019.
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