確實

See also: 确实 and 確実

Chinese edit

		authenticated; solid; firm authenticated; solid; firm; real; true	real; true; honest real; true; honest; really; solid
trad. (確實)		確	實
simp. (确实)		确	实

Pronunciation edit

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): quèshí

(Zhuyin): ㄑㄩㄝˋ ㄕˊ

(Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): quo² si²
Cantonese (Jyutping): kok³ sat⁶
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): khok-sṳ̍t

(Meixian, Guangdong): kog⁵ sed⁶
Eastern Min (BUC): káuk-sĭk
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): khak-si̍t

(Teochew, Peng'im): kag⁴ sig⁸
Wu (Wugniu)
- (Northern): ⁷chiuq-zeq; ⁷chioq-zeq
Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): ko⁶ shr⁶

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: quèshí
  - Zhuyin: ㄑㄩㄝˋ ㄕˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: cyuèshíh
  - Wade–Giles: chʻüeh⁴-shih²
  - Yale: chywè-shŕ
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chiuehshyr
  - Palladius: цюэши (cjueši)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰy̯ɛ⁵¹ ʂʐ̩³⁵/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: quo² si²
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: kiuo s
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰyo²¹ sz̩²¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: kok³ sat⁶
  - Yale: kok saht
  - Cantonese Pinyin: kok⁸ sat⁹
  - Guangdong Romanization: kog³ sed⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰɔːk̚³ sɐt̚²/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: khok-sṳ̍t
  - Hakka Romanization System: kog` siid
  - Hagfa Pinyim: kog⁵ sid⁶
  - Sinological IPA: /kʰok̚² sɨt̚⁵/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: kog⁵ sed⁶
  - Sinological IPA: /kʰɔk̚¹ sət̚⁵/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: káuk-sĭk
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰouʔ²⁴⁻²¹ siʔ⁵/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khak-si̍t
  - Tâi-lô: khak-si̍t
  - Phofsit Daibuun: qaksit
  - IPA (Xiamen): /kʰak̚³²⁻⁴ sit̚⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /kʰak̚⁵⁻²⁴ sit̚²⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /kʰak̚³²⁻⁵ sit̚¹²¹/
  - IPA (Taipei): /kʰak̚³²⁻⁴ sit̚⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /kʰak̚³²⁻⁴ sit̚⁴/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: kag⁴ sig⁸
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: khak si̍k
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰak̚²⁻⁴ sik̚⁴/
Wu
- (Shanghai):
  - Wugniu: ⁷chiuq-zeq; ⁷chioq-zeq
  - MiniDict: chiuih^入 zeh; chioh^入 zeh
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ⁴qyq-zeq; ⁴qioq-zeq
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡ɕʰyɪʔ³³ zəʔ⁴⁴/, /t͡ɕʰioʔ³³ zəʔ⁴⁴/
Xiang
- (Changsha)
  - Wiktionary: ko⁶ shr⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key) (old-style): /kʰo²⁴ ʂʐ̩²⁴/
  - Sinological IPA ^(key) (new-style): /kʰo²⁴ sz̩²⁴/

Adjective edit

確實

certain; true; real

Synonyms edit

信 (literary, or in compounds)
實際／实际 (shíjì)
忠實／忠实 (zhōngshí)
正正 (Hokkien)
正聲／正声 (Zhangzhou Hokkien)
真實／真实 (zhēnshí)
真正 (zhēnzhèng) (attributive)
確切／确切 (quèqiè)
確鑿／确凿 (quèzáo)

Adverb edit

確實

indeed; really
看來這個問題我們確實需要好好反思一下。 [MSC, trad.]
看来这个问题我们确实需要好好反思一下。 [MSC, simp.]
Kànlái zhè ge wèntí wǒmen quèshí xūyào hǎohǎo fǎnsī yīxià. [Pinyin]
It seems that we really need to reflect on this issue.

Synonyms edit

坐實／坐实 (zuòshí)
實在／实在
當真／当真
的確／的确 (díquè)
的而且確／的而且确 (dik¹ ji⁴ ce² kok³) (Cantonese)
真正 (zhēnzhèng)
真真 (zhēnzhēn)
確乎／确乎
著實／着实 (zhuóshí)
誠然／诚然 (chéngrán) (literary)

Interjection edit

確實

(Internet slang) Indeed! (Possibly influenced by Japanese 確かに.)

References edit

“Entry #11300”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2023.