自分
Chinese
editfrom; self; oneself from; self; oneself; since |
to divide; minute; (a measure word) to divide; minute; (a measure word); (a unit of leng) | ||
---|---|---|---|
trad. (自分) | 自 | 分 | |
simp. #(自分) | 自 | 分 |
Pronunciation
edit- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄗˋ ㄈㄣˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: zìhfèn
- Wade–Giles: tzŭ4-fên4
- Yale: dz̀-fèn
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzyhfenn
- Palladius: цзыфэнь (czyfɛnʹ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sz̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ fən⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: zi6 fan1
- Yale: jih fān
- Cantonese Pinyin: dzi6 fan1
- Guangdong Romanization: ji6 fen1
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡siː²² fɐn⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
Verb
edit自分
Japanese
editKanji in this term | |
---|---|
自 | 分 |
じ Grade: 2 |
ぶん Grade: 2 |
goon |
Pronunciation
editNoun
edit- oneself
- 過去とは違う自分
- kako to wa chigau jibun
- a self who is different from the [self of the] past
- 太郎は自分を責めた。
- Tarō wa jibun o semeta.
- Taro blamed himself.
- 2004 September 8, Nobuhiro Watsuki, “第34話 Let’s お見舞い [Chapter 34: Let’s Go for a Hospital Visit]”, in 武装錬金 [Armed Alchemy], volume 4, Tokyo: Shueisha, →ISBN, pages 161–162:
- いいえ 俺が勝ちたいのは自分です
- Īe ore ga kachitai no wa jibun desu
- No, the one I want to beat is myself
- いいえ 俺が勝ちたいのは自分です
- 過去とは違う自分
- first-person pronoun: I, me (often shows the speaker's lower position in a hierarchy than the addressee)
- (Kansai) you
Usage notes
edit- 自分 (jibun) means “oneself”, with 自分で (jibun de) meaning “by oneself, by one’s own efforts”. By contrast, 一人で and 独りで (hitori de) mean rather “alone”. Compare doing an assignment by oneself (without help) versus doing an assignment alone (without any other person around).
Synonyms
editSee also
edit- 自己 (jiko)
Japanese first-person pronouns
Japanese first-person pronouns by speakers and situations according to Yuko Saegusa, Concerning the First Personal Pronoun of Native Japanese Speakers (2009)
Speaker | Situation | 1 | 2 | 3 |
---|---|---|---|---|
Female | To friends | うち (uchi) 49% | First name 26% | あたし (atashi) 15% |
In the family | First name 33% | あたし (atashi) 29% | うち (uchi) 23% | |
In a class | わたし (watashi) 86% | あたし (atashi) 7% | うち (uchi) 6% | |
To an unknown visitor | わたし (watashi) 75% | あたし (atashi), first name, うち (uchi) 8% each | ||
To the class teacher | わたし (watashi) 66% | First name 13% | あたし (atashi) 9% | |
Male | To friends | おれ (ore) 72% | ぼく (boku) 19% | First name 4% |
In the family | おれ (ore) 62% | ぼく (boku) 23% | うち (uchi) 6% | |
In a class | ぼく (boku) 85% | おれ (ore) 13% | First name, nickname 1% each | |
To an unknown visitor | ぼく (boku) 64% | おれ (ore) 26% | First name 4% | |
To the class teacher | ぼく (boku) 67% | おれ (ore) 27% | First name 3% |
Speaker | Situation | 1 | 2 | 3 |
---|---|---|---|---|
Female | To friends | うち (uchi) 39% | あたし (atashi) 30% | わたし (watashi) 22% |
In the family | あたし (atashi) 28% | First name 27% | うち (uchi) 18% | |
In a class | わたし (watashi) 89% | あたし (atashi) 7% | 自分 (jibun) 3% | |
To an unknown visitor | わたし (watashi) 81% | あたし (atashi) 10% | 自分 (jibun) 6% | |
To the class teacher | わたし (watashi) 77% | あたし (atashi) 17% | 自分 (jibun) 7% | |
Male | To friends | おれ (ore) 87% | うち (uchi) 4% | わたし (watashi), 自分 (jibun) 2% each |
In the family | おれ (ore) 88% | ぼく (boku), 自分 (jibun) 5% each | ||
In a class | わたし (watashi) 48% | 自分 (jibun) 28% | ぼく (boku) 22% | |
To an unknown visitor | ぼく (boku) 36% | 自分 (jibun) 29% | わたし (watashi) 22% | |
To the class teacher | 自分 (jibun) 38% | ぼく (boku) 29% | わたし (watashi) 22% |
References
edit- 2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.
Categories:
- Chinese lemmas
- Mandarin lemmas
- Cantonese lemmas
- Chinese verbs
- Mandarin verbs
- Cantonese verbs
- Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Chinese terms spelled with 自
- Chinese terms spelled with 分
- Chinese literary terms
- Japanese terms spelled with 自 read as じ
- Japanese terms spelled with 分 read as ぶん
- Japanese terms read with goon
- Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Japanese lemmas
- Japanese nouns
- Japanese terms spelled with second grade kanji
- Japanese terms with 2 kanji
- Japanese terms with usage examples
- Kansai Japanese