諸行無常
Chinese
editall; many; various | to go; to do; capable to go; to do; capable; all right; competent; OK; to travel; temporary; to walk; will do; behaviour; conduct; a row; profession; professional |
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---|---|---|---|---|
trad. (諸行無常) | 諸 | 行 | 無常 | |
simp. (诸行无常) | 诸 | 行 | 无常 |
Etymology
editFrom 大般涅槃經 (Mahāparinibbāṇa Sutta):
A phrase consisting of 諸/诸 (zhū, “all, every”) + 行 (“deed, accomplishment”) + 無常/无常 (wúcháng, “impermanent”), in turn a translation (directly or via Pali) of Sanskrit सर्व संस्कारा अनित्याः (sarva saṃskārā anityāḥ, literally “all deeds are impermanent”).
Pronunciation
edit- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄓㄨ ㄒㄧㄥˊ ㄨˊ ㄔㄤˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: jhusíngwúcháng
- Wade–Giles: chu1-hsing2-wu2-chʻang2
- Yale: jū-syíng-wú-cháng
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jushyngwucharng
- Palladius: чжусинъучан (čžusinʺučan)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ʈ͡ʂu⁵⁵ ɕiŋ³⁵ u³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: zyu1 hang4 mou4 soeng4
- Yale: jyū hàhng mòuh sèuhng
- Cantonese Pinyin: dzy1 hang4 mou4 soeng4
- Guangdong Romanization: ju1 heng4 mou4 sêng4
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡syː⁵⁵ hɐŋ²¹ mou̯²¹ sœːŋ²¹/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
Idiom
edit諸行無常
- (Buddhism) worldly things are impermanent
Japanese
editKanji in this term | |||
---|---|---|---|
諸 | 行 | 無 | 常 |
しょ Grade: 6 |
ぎょう Grade: 2 |
む Grade: 4 |
じょう Grade: 5 |
goon |
Alternative spelling |
---|
諸行無常 (kyūjitai) |
Etymology
editBuddhist expression borrowed from Chinese 諸行無常/诸行无常 (zhūxíngwúcháng), in turn a translation (directly or via Pali) of Sanskrit सर्व संस्कारा अनित्याः (sarva saṃskārā anityāḥ, literally “all deeds are impermanent”).
As Japanese, also analyzable as a compound of 諸行 (shogyō, “all things”) + 無常 (mujō, “impermanent, transient”).[1][2][3][4]
The two constituent Japanese terms are citable to the early 600s, while the first citations of the full four-character phrase in Chinese are from around the mid-600s. However, the full four-character phrase in Japanese usage is first cited much later in the 観智院本三宝絵 (Kanchi-in-bon Sanbō-E), a collection of Buddhist writings from 984.[5]
Pronunciation
edit- (Tokyo) しょぎょーむじょー [shògyóómújóó] (Heiban – [0])[4][6]
- (Tokyo) しょぎょーむじょー [shògyóómúꜜjòò] (Nakadaka – [4])[6]
- (Tokyo) しょぎょーむじょー [shóꜜgyòòmùjòò] (Atamadaka – [1])[4]
- IPA(key): [ɕo̞ɡʲo̞ːmɯ̟ʑo̞ː]
Noun
edit諸行無常 • (shogyō mujō) ←しよぎやうむじやう (syogyau muzyau)?
- [from 984] (Buddhism) the impermanence of worldly things
Phrase
edit諸行無常 • (shogyō mujō) ←しよぎやうむじやう (syogyau muzyau)?
- [from 984] (Buddhism) all worldly things are transitory
- (Can we date this quote?), “Chapter 1.1”, in Helen Craig McCullough, transl., 平家物語 [The Tale of the Heike]:
- 祇園精舎の鐘の声、諸行無常の響き有り。沙羅双樹の花の色、盛者必衰の理を顕す。驕れる者も久しからず、唯春の夜の夢の如し。猛き者も遂には滅びぬ、偏に風の前の塵に同じ。
- Gionshōsha no kane no koe, shogyō mujō no hibiki ari. Sarasōju no hana no iro, jōshahissui no kotowari o arawasu. Ogoreru mono mo hisashikarazu, tada haru no yoru no yume no gotoshi. Takeki mono mo tsui ni wa horobinu, hitoeni kaze no mae no chiri ni onaji.
- The sound of the Gion Shōja bells echoes the impermanence of all things; the color of the sāla flowers reveals the truth that the prosperous must decline. The proud do not endure, they are like a dream on a spring night; the mighty fall at last, they are as dust before the wind.
- 祇園精舎の鐘の声、諸行無常の響き有り。沙羅双樹の花の色、盛者必衰の理を顕す。驕れる者も久しからず、唯春の夜の夢の如し。猛き者も遂には滅びぬ、偏に風の前の塵に同じ。
References
edit- ^ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典(新装版) [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
- ^ “諸行無常”, in 日本大百科全書:ニッポニカ (Nippon Dai Hyakka Zensho: Nipponica, “Encyclopedia Nipponica”)[1] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 1984
- ^ Matsumura, Akira (1995) 大辞泉 [Daijisen] (in Japanese), First edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ “諸行無常”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten][2] (in Japanese), concise edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2000
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
- ^ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
Korean
editHanja in this term | |||
---|---|---|---|
諸 | 行 | 無 | 常 |
Noun
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