顎

See also: 颚

顎 U+984E, 顎 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-984E ← 額 [U+984D] CJK Unified Ideographs 顏 → [U+984F]

Translingual

Han character

顎 (Kangxi radical 181, 頁+9, 18 strokes, cangjie input 口尸一月金 (RSMBC), four-corner 6128₆, composition ⿰咢頁)

References

• KangXi: page 1407, character 4
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 43590
• Dae Jaweon: page 1924, character 20
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4382, character 5
• Unihan data for U+984E

Chinese

trad.		顎
simp.		颚
alternative forms		齶／腭

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (屰) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
斥	*ŋ̊ʰjaːɡs, *ŋ̊ʰjaːɡ
訴	*sŋaːɡs
泝	*sŋaːɡs
愬	*sŋaːɡs, *sŋreːɡ
遡	*sŋaːɡs
塑	*sŋaːɡs
溯	*sŋaːɡs
遻	*ŋaːɡs
柝	*tŋ̊ʰaːɡ
鶚	*ŋaːɡ
諤	*ŋaːɡ
齶	*ŋaːɡ
鍔	*ŋaːɡ
遌	*ŋaːɡ
崿	*ŋaːɡ
偔	*ŋaːɡ
堮	*ŋaːɡ
湂	*ŋaːɡ
鱷	*ŋaːɡ
噩	*ŋaːɡ
咢	*ŋaːɡ
鑩	*ŋaːɡ
鄂	*ŋaːɡ
鰐	*ŋaːɡ
萼	*ŋaːɡ
愕	*ŋaːɡ
顎	*ŋaːɡ
朔	*sŋraːɡ
槊	*sraːwɢ
蒴	*sraːwɢ
坼	*tŋ̊ʰraːɡ
拆	*tŋ̊ʰraːɡ
逆	*ŋraɡ
屰	*ŋraɡ
縌	*ŋraɡ
蝷	*reːɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *ŋaːɡ): phonetic 咢 (OC *ŋaːɡ) + semantic 頁.

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): è (e⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄜˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): ngok⁶
• Min Dong (BUC): ngáuk
• Min Nan

  (Hokkien, POJ): go̍k

  (Teochew, Peng'im): ngag⁸

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: è
    • Zhuyin: ㄜˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: è
    • Wade–Giles: o⁴
    • Yale: è
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: eh
    • Palladius: э (e)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ˀɤ⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: ngok⁶
    • Yale: ngohk
    • Cantonese Pinyin: ngok⁹
    • Guangdong Romanization: ngog⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ŋɔːk̚²/
• Min Dong
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: ngáuk
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ŋɑuʔ²⁴/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: go̍k
    • Tâi-lô: go̍k
    • Phofsit Daibuun: gok
    • IPA (Xiamen): /ɡɔk̚⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /ɡɔk̚²⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /ɡɔk̚¹²¹/
    • IPA (Taipei): /ɡɔk̚⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /ɡɔk̚⁴/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: ngag⁸
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: nga̍k
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ŋak̚⁴/

---

• Middle Chinese: /ŋɑk̚/

Rime
Character	顎
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	疑 (31)
Final (韻)	唐 (103)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	五各切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ŋɑk̚/
Pan Wuyun	/ŋɑk̚/
Shao Rongfen	/ŋɑk̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ŋak̚/
Li Rong	/ŋɑk̚/
Wang Li	/ŋɑk̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/ŋɑk̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	è
Expected Cantonese Reflex	ngok6

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*ŋaːɡ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	顎
Reading #	1/1
No.	9467
Phonetic component	屰
Rime group	鐸
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	咢
Old Chinese	/*ŋaːɡ/

Definitions

顎

1. jaw

Compounds

• 上顎／上颚 (shàng'è)
• 下顎／下颚 (xià'è)
• 硬顎／硬颚 (yìng'è)
• 軟顎／软颚 (ruǎn'è)

• 顎下腺／颚下腺
• 顎化／颚化 (èhuà)
• 顎化作用／颚化作用

• 顎裂／颚裂
• 顎骨／颚骨 (ègǔ)
• 齒顎矯正學／齿颚矫正学

Descendants

• Proto-Tai: *ʰŋɯəkᴰ (“gum; gill”)
  • Proto-Southwestern Tai: *ʰŋɯəkᴰ (“gum; gill”)
    • Thai: เหงือก (ngʉ̀ʉak, “gum; gill”)

Japanese

Kanji

顎

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

1. jaw

Readings

• Go-on: がく (gaku, Jōyō)
• Kan-on: がく (gaku, Jōyō)
• Kun: あご (ago, 顎, Jōyō)

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
顎
あご Grade: S
kun’yomi

Pronunciation

• Kun’yomi
• (Tokyo) あご​ [àgóꜜ] (Odaka – [2])
• IPA^(key): [a̠ɡo̞]

Noun

顎(あご) • (ago) 

1. jaw
2. chin
3. barb
4. jaw of a machine

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
顎
がく Grade: S
on’yomi

Pronunciation

• On’yomi
• (Tokyo) が​く [gáꜜkù] (Atamadaka – [1])
• IPA^(key): [ɡa̠kɯ̟ᵝ]

Noun

顎(がく) • (gaku) 

1. jaw

Derived terms

• 顎骨(がくこつ) (gakukotsu, “jawbone”)
• 顎関節(がくかんせつ) (gakukansetsu, “temporomandibular joint”)

Korean

Hanja

顎 • (ak) (hangeul 악, revised ak, McCune–Reischauer ak, Yale ak)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.