나가다

Korean

Etymology

First attested in the Worin seokbo (月印釋譜 / 월인석보), 1459, as Middle Korean 나〮가다〮 (Yale: ná-kà-tá), equivalent to 나 (na, infinitive of 나다 (nada, “to move out”)) +‎ 가다 (gada, “to go”).

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [na̠ɡa̠da̠]

  • Audio:

    (file)

• Phonetic hangul: [나가다]

Romanizations
Revised Romanization?	nagada
Revised Romanization (translit.)?	nagada
McCune–Reischauer?	nagada
Yale Romanization?	nakata

Verb

나가다 • (nagada) (infinitive 나가, sequential 나가니) (transitive, intransitive)

1. (literal, figurative) to go out; (contextually) to leave

   Coordinate terms: 들어가다 (deureogada, “to go in”), 나오다 (naoda, “to come out”)

   방에서 나가다 ― bang-eseo nagada ― to leave the room

   집을 나가다 ― jib-eul nagada ― to leave home

   일터로 나가다 ― ilteo-ro nagada ― to go out to work

   마실을 나가다 ― masir-eul nagada ― to go out for a neighborhood stroll

2. Alternative form of 나아가다 (naagada, “to go forth, to go forward”).

   앞으로 나가다 ― ap-euro nagada ― to go forward

   • 1968, “Song of the Korean People's Army”, Ri Beom-su (lyrics), Ra Guk (music):

     나가자 조선인민군!
     일당백 용맹을 떨치며!

     Nagaja joseoninmin'gun!
     ildangbaek yongmaeng-eul tteolchimyeo!

     March forward, Korean People's Army!
     Show off our bravery is a match for a hundred men!

3. (by extension) to be disseminated, to spread outwards

   Coordinate term: 나오다 (naoda)

   이 소문이 나가면 우리 모두 큰일이다. ― I somun-i nagamyeon uri modu keunir-ida. ― If this rumor spreads, we are all in trouble.

4. (by extension) to participate, to attend

   매일밤 클럽에 나간다 ― maeilbam keulleob-e naganda ― s/he goes out to the nightclub every night

   군인이 전쟁터에 나가다 ― gunin-i jeonjaengteo-e nagada ― for the soldier to go out to the battlefield

   대학생이 사회로 나가다 ― daehaksaeng-i sahoe-ro nagada ― for the university student to enter the adult world

5. (with a modifying adverb) to perform a task (in such a way)

   너무 세게 나가지 마. ― Neomu sege nagaji ma. ― Don't do things too harshly.

6. (by extension) to weigh

   몸무게가 너무 많이 나간다 ― mommuge-ga neomu mani naganda ― [I] weigh too much

7. (by extension) to cost

   이 가방은 1억원 나간다 ― i gabang-eun ireogwon naganda ― This bag costs one hundred million Won.

8. (by extension) to become defective; (of clothes) to become worn out; (of body parts) to become injured

   컴퓨터가 나갔어 ― keompyuteo-ga nagasseo ― the computer malfunctioned

   전기가 나갔어 ― jeon'gi-ga nagasseo ― there's a power outage (literally, “the electricity left”)

   이빨이 나갔어 ― ippar-i nagasseo ― [my] teeth fell out

9. (by extension) to proceed; (of studying) to cover

   시험 범위를 다 나갔다 ― siheom beomwi-reul da nagatda ― [I] covered/revised all of the material for the exam

10. (with the infinitive 어/아 (eo/a)) to purposefully continue (to a satisfactory conclusion)

    일을 해나가다 ― ir-eul haenagada ― to keep working

Conjugation

    Selected forms of the verb 나가다 (nagada): vowel-stem, 가(ga)-irregular

Sentence-final forms
		Formal non-polite (해라체)	Informal non-polite (해체)	Informal polite (해요체)	Formal polite (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	나간다 naganda	나가 naga	나가요 nagayo	나갑니다 nagamnida
	Past	나갔다 nagatda	나갔어 nagasseo	나갔어요 nagasseoyo	나갔습니다 nagatseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	나가느냐 naganeunya	나가 naga	나가요 nagayo	나갑니까 nagamnikka
	Past	나갔느냐 naganneunya	나갔어 nagasseo	나갔어요 nagasseoyo	나갔습니까 nagatseumnikka
Hortative		나가자 nagaja	나가 naga	나가요 nagayo	나가십시다 nagasipsida
Imperative		나가거라, 나가라 nagageora, nagara	나가 naga	나가요 nagayo	나갑시오 nagapsio
Assertive		나가겠다 nagagetda	나가겠어 nagagesseo	나가겠어요 nagagesseoyo	나가겠습니다 nagagetseumnida
Connective forms
Cause/Reason		나가 naga	나가서 nagaseo	나가니 nagani	나가니까 naganikka
Contrast		나가지만 nagajiman	나가는데 naganeunde	나가더니 nagadeoni
Conjunction		나가고 nagago
Condition		나가면 nagamyeon	나가야 nagaya
Motive		나가려고 nagaryeogo
Noun and determiner forms
Verbal nouns		나감 nagam	나가기 nagagi
Past-tense verbal nouns		나갔음 nagasseum	나갔기 nagatgi
Determiners	Past	나간 nagan
	Present	나가는 naganeun
	Future	나갈 nagal

Sentence-final forms with honorific
		Formal non-polite (해라체)	Informal non-polite (해체)	Informal polite (해요체)	Formal polite (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	나가신다 nagasinda	나가셔 nagasyeo	나가세요, 나가셔요 nagaseyo, nagasyeoyo	나가십니다 nagasimnida
	Past	나가셨다 nagasyeotda	나가셨어 nagasyeosseo	나가셨어요 nagasyeosseoyo	나가셨습니다 nagasyeotseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	나가시느냐 nagasineunya	나가셔 nagasyeo	나가세요, 나가셔요 nagaseyo, nagasyeoyo	나가십니까 nagasimnikka
	Past	나가셨느냐 nagasyeonneunya	나가셨어 nagasyeosseo	나가셨어요 nagasyeosseoyo	나가셨습니까 nagasyeotseumnikka
Imperative		나가시라 nagasira	나가셔 nagasyeo	나가세요 nagaseyo	나가십시오 nagasipsio
Assertive		나가시겠다 nagasigetda	나가시겠어 nagasigesseo	나가시겠어요 nagasigesseoyo	나가시겠습니다 nagasigetseumnida
Connective forms with honorific
Cause/Reason		나가셔 nagasyeo	나가셔서 nagasyeoseo	나가시니 nagasini	나가시니까 nagasinikka
Contrast		나가시지만 nagasijiman	나가시는데 nagasineunde	나가시더니 nagasideoni
Conjunction		나가시고 nagasigo
Condition		나가시면 nagasimyeon	나가셔야 nagasyeoya
Motive		나가시려고 nagasiryeogo
Noun and determiner forms with honorific
Verbal nouns		나가심 nagasim	나가시기 nagasigi
Past-tense verbal nouns		나가셨음 nagasyeosseum	나가셨기 nagasyeotgi
Determiners	Past	나가신 nagasin
	Present	나가시는 nagasineun
	Future	나가실 nagasil

Derived terms

• 넋이 나가다 (neoksi nagada)
• 못나가다 (monnagada)
• 잘나가다 (jallagada)