Wiktionary

sam

See also: Appendix:Variations of "sam"

TranslingualEdit

SymbolEdit

sam

  1. (international standards) ISO 639-2 & ISO 639-3 language code for Samaritan Aramaic.

EnglishEdit

Etymology 1Edit

Acronym

Alternative formsEdit

PronunciationEdit

  • Audio (AU)(file)

NounEdit

sam

  1. surface-to-air missile

Etymology 2Edit

From Middle English sammen, samnen, from Old English samnian, ġesamnian (“to collect, assemble, bring together, gather, join, unite, compose, meet, glean”), from Proto-Germanic *samnōną (“to gather”), from Proto-Indo-European *sem- (“one”). Cognate with Dutch zamelen (“to collect”), German sammeln (“to collect, gather”), Swedish samla (“to gather, collect”), Icelandic samna (“to gather, collect”). More at same.

Alternative formsEdit

PronunciationEdit

VerbEdit

sam (third-person singular simple present sams, present participle samming, simple past and past participle sammed)

  1. (transitive, UK dialectal) To assemble.
  2. (transitive, UK dialectal, of persons) To bring together; join (in marriage, friendship, love, etc.).
  3. (transitive, UK dialectal, of things) To bring together; collect; put in order; arrange.
  4. (intransitive, UK dialectal) To assemble; come together.
  5. (transitive, UK dialectal) To coagulate; curdle (milk).
Usage notesEdit
Derived termsEdit

Etymology 3Edit

From Middle English sām (“together”), from Old English samen (“together”), from Proto-Germanic *samanai (“together”), from Proto-Indo-European *sem- (“together, one”).

AdverbEdit

sam (not comparable)

  1. (obsolete) Together

Etymology 4Edit

From Middle English sam- (prefix), from Old English sam-, from Proto-Germanic *sēmi- (“half”), from Proto-Indo-European *sēmi- (“half”). Related to semi- (via Latin).

PronunciationEdit

AdjectiveEdit

sam (not comparable)

  1. (dialectal) Half or imperfectly done.
  2. (of food) Half-heated.
Related termsEdit

Etymology 5Edit

Possibly from Uncle Sam.

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

sam (plural sams)

  1. (slang) Federal narcotics agent.

AnagramsEdit

Atong (India)Edit

PronunciationEdit

Etymology 1Edit

From Proto-Bodo-Garo *sam¹ (“grass”). Related to Garo samsi, Garo sam.

NounEdit

sam (Bengali script সাম)

  1. grass; weed
  2. medicine
Derived termsEdit

Etymology 2Edit

VerbEdit

sam- (Bengali script সাম)

  1. to wait

Etymology 3Edit

ClassifierEdit

sam- (Bengali script সাম)

  1. used with any bilateral body part, hands, eyes, etc. and also tires

ReferencesEdit

CharruaEdit

NumeralEdit

sam

  1. two

ReferencesEdit

  • El último charrúa: de Salsipuedes a la actualidad (1996)
  • Idioma español y habla criolla: Charrúas y vilelas (1968)
  • Čestmír Loukotka, ‎Johannes Wilbert (editor), Classification of South American Indian Languages (1968, Los Angeles: Latin American Studies Center, University of California), page(s) 62

ChuukeseEdit

NounEdit

sam

  1. father

GaroEdit

PronunciationEdit

Etymology 1Edit

From Proto-Bodo-Garo *sam¹ (“grass”). Related to Atong (India) sam.

NounEdit

sam

  1. grass; herb
  2. medicine
  3. curry

Etymology 2Edit

ClassifierEdit

sam

  1. used with any bilateral body part, hands, eyes, etc.

Further readingEdit

  • Burling, R. (2003) The Language of the Modhupur Mandi (Garo) Vol. II: The Lexicon‎[1], Bangladesh: University of Michigan, page 275

Lhao VoEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *g-sum (“three”). Cognate with Lashi soem" and Burmese three.

NumeralEdit

sam

  1. three

ReferencesEdit

  • Dr. Ola Hanson, A Dictionary of the Kachin Language (1906).

MalteseEdit

Root
s-w-m
3 terms

EtymologyEdit

From Arabic صامَ‎ (ṣāma).

PronunciationEdit

VerbEdit

sam (imperfect jsum, active participle sajjem, verbal noun sawm)

  1. to fast

ConjugationEdit

  • The perfect tense is often avoided. It can be replaced by kien + imperfect.
    Conjugation of sam
singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
perfect m somt somt sam somna somtu samu
f samet
imperfect m nsum ssum jsum nsumu ssumu jsumu
f ssum
imperative sum sumu

MaquiritariEdit

Alternative formsEdit

PronunciationEdit

IdeophoneEdit

sam

  1. zooming
  2. (of food) stinging, biting

ReferencesEdit

  • Cáceres, Natalia (2011), “samm”, in Grammaire Fonctionnelle-Typologique du Ye’kwana, Lyon, page 166

Min NanEdit

For pronunciation and definitions of sam – see 三 (“three; the other woman; the other man; etc.”).
(This character, sam, is the Pe̍h-ōe-jī form of 三.)
For pronunciation and definitions of sam – see 衫 (“unlined garment; shirt; top; etc.”).
(This character, sam, is the Pe̍h-ōe-jī form of 衫.)
For pronunciation and definitions of sam – see 舢.
(This character, sam, is the Pe̍h-ōe-jī form of 舢.)
For pronunciation and definitions of sam – see 參 (“Three Stars mansion; etc.”).
(This character, sam, is the Pe̍h-ōe-jī form of 參.)

MizoEdit

Etymology 1Edit

From Proto-Kuki-Chin *sham, from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *(t)sam.

NounEdit

sam

  1. hair (of the head)
  2. antenna (of insects)

Etymology 2Edit

AdjectiveEdit

sam

  1. easy, simple

Nga LaEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Proto-Kuki-Chin *sham, from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *(t)sam.

NounEdit

sam

  1. hair (of the head)

ReferencesEdit

  • Matu (Chin) Dictionary by Ropna Saruum, Matupi 2007

Old IrishEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Proto-Celtic *samos (“summer”) (compare Welsh haf), from Proto-Indo-European *sm̥-h₂-ó- (compare Old English sumor, Old Armenian ամառն (amaṙn)).

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

sam m (genitive unattested, no plural)

  1. summer

InflectionEdit

Masculine o-stem
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative sam — —
Vocative saim — —
Accusative samN — —
Genitive saimL — —
Dative samL — —
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
  • H = triggers aspiration
  • L = triggers lenition
  • N = triggers nasalization

SynonymsEdit

MutationEdit

Old Irish mutation
Radical Lenition Nasalization
sam ṡam unchanged
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every
possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further readingEdit

Old NorseEdit

VerbEdit

sam

  1. second-person singular imperative of sama

PhaluraEdit

EtymologyEdit

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

PronunciationEdit

AdverbEdit

sam (Perso-Arabic spelling سم)

  1. equally

ReferencesEdit

  • Liljegren, Henrik; Haider, Naseem (2011) Palula Vocabulary (FLI Language and Culture Series; 7)‎[2], Islamabad, Pakistan: Forum for Language Initiatives, →ISBN

PolishEdit

EtymologyEdit

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *samъ.

PronunciationEdit

AdverbEdit

sam (not always comparable, comparative bardziej sam, superlative najbardziej sam)

  1. (not comparable) alone, without company

AdjectiveEdit

sam (not always comparable, comparative bardziej sam, superlative najbardziej sam)

  1. (comparable) alone, without company

ParticleEdit

sam

  1. (not comparable) myself, yourself, himself, etc. (emphatic determiner, used similarly to "no other than" or "the very", as in "I myself")
    Przygotowując intrygę przeciwko szefowi, pani Magdalena kazała swojej córce ubrać się skromnie, a sama założyła sukienkę z głębokim dekoltem.
    Preparing the intrigue against the boss, Ms. Magdalena told her daughter to dress modestly, while she herself put on a dress with a deep neckline.
    On poszedł do samego końca.
    He went to the very end.
  2. (not comparable) by oneself, alone, by own volition or power, without outside help or encouragement

DeclensionEdit

Declension of sam
case singular plural
masculine personal/animate masculine inanimate neuter feminine virile nonvirile
nominative, vocative sam samo sama sami same
genitive samego samej samych
dative samemu samym
accusative samego sam samo samą samych same
instrumental samym samymi
locative samej samych

Related termsEdit

adjectives
nouns
verbs

Further readingEdit

  • sam in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
  • sam in Polish dictionaries at PWN

RohingyaEdit

Alternative formsEdit

EtymologyEdit

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

NounEdit

sam (Hanifi spelling 𐴏𐴝𐴔)

  1. skin
    Synonym: samra

RomaniEdit

VerbEdit

sam

  1. first-person plural present indicative of si

Serbo-CroatianEdit

Etymology 1Edit

From Proto-Slavic *samъ, from Proto-Indo-European *somHós.

AdjectiveEdit

sȃm (definite sȃmī, Cyrillic spelling са̑м)

  1. alone, sole
  2. unaided, single-handed
  3. absolute, very, mere, unmixed
  4. solitary, secluded
DeclensionEdit
indefinite forms
singular masculine feminine neuter
nominative sam sama samo
genitive sama same sama
dative samu samoj samu
accusative inanimate
animate 		sam
sama 		samu samo
vocative sam sama samo
locative samu samoj samu
instrumental samim samom samim
plural masculine feminine neuter
nominative sami same sama
genitive samih samih samih
dative samim(a) samim(a) samim(a)
accusative same same sama
vocative sami same sama
locative samim(a) samim(a) samim(a)
instrumental samim(a) samim(a) samim(a)
definite forms
singular masculine feminine neuter
nominative sami sama samo
genitive samog(a) same samog(a)
dative samom(u/e) samoj samom(u/e)
accusative inanimate
animate 		sami
samog(a) 		samu samo
vocative sami sama samo
locative samom(e/u) samoj samom(e/u)
instrumental samim samom samim
plural masculine feminine neuter
nominative sami same sama
genitive samih samih samih
dative samim(a) samim(a) samim(a)
accusative same same sama
vocative sami same sama
locative samim(a) samim(a) samim(a)
instrumental samim(a) samim(a) samim(a)
Alternative formsEdit

Etymology 2Edit

From Proto-Slavic *(j)esmь, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *esmi, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ésmi.

VerbEdit

sȁm (Cyrillic spelling са̏м)

  1. first-person singular present tense enclitic form of biti.
    Tu sam. — I'm here.

SilesianEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Proto-Slavic *sěmo.

PronounEdit

sam

  1. here
    Synonym: tukej
  2. hither

SloveneEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Proto-Slavic *samъ, from Proto-Indo-European *somHós.

PronunciationEdit

AdjectiveEdit

sȃm (not comparable)

  1. alone, sole
  2. unaided, single-handed, by oneself

InflectionEdit

Hard
masculine feminine neuter
nom. sing. sám sáma sámo
singular
masculine feminine neuter
nominative sám ind
sámi def		 sáma sámo
genitive sámega sáme sámega
dative sámemu sámi sámemu
accusative nominativeinan or
genitiveanim		 sámo sámo
locative sámem sámi sámem
instrumental sámim sámo sámim
dual
masculine feminine neuter
nominative sáma sámi sámi
genitive sámih sámih sámih
dative sámima sámima sámima
accusative sáma sámi sámi
locative sámih sámih sámih
instrumental sámima sámima sámima
plural
masculine feminine neuter
nominative sámi sáme sáma
genitive sámih sámih sámih
dative sámim sámim sámim
accusative sáme sáme sáma
locative sámih sámih sámih
instrumental sámimi sámimi sámimi

Derived termsEdit

Further readingEdit

  • “sam”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, portal Fran

SwedishEdit

PronunciationEdit

VerbEdit

sam

  1. past tense of simma.

AnagramsEdit

VietnameseEdit

PronunciationEdit

Etymology 1Edit

NounEdit

(classifier con) sam • (杉, 衫, 𧏰, 𧓰, 𪓫)

  1. a horseshoe crab
    đuôi sam ― a horseshoe crab's tail; a braid/plait

Etymology 2Edit

NounEdit

(classifier cây) sam • (蔘)

  1. common purslane (Portulaca oleracea)
    Synonym: rau sam

ZhuangEdit

Zhuang cardinal numbers
<  2 3 4  >
    Cardinal : sam

EtymologyEdit

From Proto-Tai *saːm (“three”), from Middle Chinese 三 (MC sɑm, “three”). Cognate with Thai สาม (sǎam), Northern Thai ᩈᩣ᩠ᨾ, Lao ສາມ (sām), Lü ᦉᦱᧄ (ṡaam), Tai Dam ꪎꪱꪣ, Shan သၢမ် (sǎam), Tai Nüa ᥔᥣᥛᥴ (sáam), Ahom 𑜏𑜪 (saṃ), Bouyei saaml.

PronunciationEdit

NumeralEdit

sam (1957–1982 spelling sam)

  1. three
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