calculate
EnglishEdit
EtymologyEdit
Borrowed from Latin calculātus, perfect passive participle of calculō (“I reckon, originally by means of pebbles”), from calculus (“a pebble”). Refer to calculus for origin.
PronunciationEdit
VerbEdit
calculate (third-person singular simple present calculates, present participle calculating, simple past and past participle calculated)
- (transitive, mathematics) To determine the value of something or the solution to something by a mathematical process.
- Calculate the square root of 3 to 10 decimal places.
- (intransitive, mathematics) To determine values or solutions by a mathematical process; reckon.
- (intransitive, US, dialect) To plan; to expect; to think.
- 1913, Joseph C. Lincoln, chapter 1, in Mr. Pratt's Patients:
- I stumbled along through the young pines and huckleberry bushes. Pretty soon I struck into a sort of path that, I cal'lated, might lead to the road I was hunting for. It twisted and turned, and, the first thing I knew, made a sudden bend around a bunch of bayberry scrub and opened out into a big clear space like a lawn.
- To ascertain or predict by mathematical or astrological computations the time, circumstances, or other conditions of; to forecast or compute the character or consequences of.
- 1591, William Shakespeare, “The Second Part of Henry the Sixt, […]”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies: Published According to the True Originall Copies (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, OCLC 606515358, [Act IV, scene i]:
- A cunning man did calculate my birth.
- to calculate or cast one's nativity
- To adjust for purpose; to adapt by forethought or calculation; to fit or prepare by the adaptation of means to an end.
- a. 1694, John Tillotson, The Advantages of Religion to particular Persons
- [Religion] is […] calculated for our benefit.
- to calculate a system of laws for the government and protection of a free people
- a. 1694, John Tillotson, The Advantages of Religion to particular Persons
ConjugationEdit
conjugation of calculate
| infinitive | calculate | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present participle | calculating | ||||||||||
| past participle | calculated | ||||||||||
| simple | progressive | perfect | perfect progressive | ||||||||
| present | I calculate | we calculate | I am calculating | we are calculating | I have calculated | we have calculated | I have been calculating | we have been calculating | |||
| you calculate | you calculate | you are calculating | you are calculating | you have calculated | you have calculated | you have been calculating | you have been calculating | ||||
| he calculates | they calculate | he is calculating | they are calculating | he has calculated | they have calculated | he has been calculating | they have been calculating | ||||
| past | I calculated | we calculated | I was calculating | we were calculating | I had calculated | we had calculated | I had been calculating | we had been calculating | |||
| you calculated | you calculated | you were calculating | you were calculating | you had calculated | you had calculated | you had been calculating | you had been calculating | ||||
| he calculated | they calculated | he was calculating | they were calculating | he had calculated | they had calculated | he had been calculating | they had been calculating | ||||
| future | I will calculate | we will calculate | I will be calculating | we will be calculating | I will have calculated | we will have calculated | I will have been calculating | we will have been calculating | |||
| you will calculate | you will calculate | you will be calculating | you will be calculating | you will have calculated | you will have calculated | you will have been calculating | you will have been calculating | ||||
| he will calculate | they will calculate | he will be calculating | they will be calculating | he will have calculated | they will have calculated | he will have been calculating | they will have been calculating | ||||
| conditional | I would calculate | we would calculate | I would be calculating | we would be calculating | I would have calculated | we would have calculated | I would have been calculating | we would have been calculating | |||
| you would calculate | you would calculate | you would be calculating | you would be calculating | you would have calculated | you would have calculated | you would have been calculating | you would have been calculating | ||||
| he would calculate | they would calculate | he would be calculating | they would be calculating | he would have calculated | they would have calculated | he would have been calculating | they would have been calculating | ||||
| imperative | calculate | ||||||||||
SynonymsEdit
- (determine value of or solution to): compute, reckon (old), work out
- (determine values or solutions): compute, reckon (old)
Derived termsEdit
Related termsEdit
TranslationsEdit
(transitive) to determine the value or solution of sth.
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(intransitive) to determine values or solutions
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(intransitive) plan
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Further readingEdit
- calculate in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.
- calculate in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.
- Douglas Harper (2001–2021), “calculate”, in Online Etymology Dictionary.
LatinEdit
VerbEdit
calculāte
- second-person plural present active imperative of calculō
- "calculate ye, compute ye"
- (figuratively) "consider ye as, esteem ye"
ParticipleEdit
calculāte