deure

See also: deuré

Afrikaans

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈdɪørə/

Noun

deure

1. plural of deur

Catalan

Etymology

Inherited from Latin dēbēre (“owe”) (probably through a Vulgar Latin root *debĕre). Compare Occitan deure, dever, French devoir, Spanish deber.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Central) [ˈdɛw.ɾə]
• IPA^(key): (Balearic) [ˈdəw.ɾə]
• IPA^(key): (Valencia) [ˈdew.ɾe]

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɛwɾe

Noun

deure m (plural deures)

1. duty, obligation

Verb

deure (first-person singular present dec, first-person singular preterite deguí, past participle degut); root stress: (Central) /ɛ/; (Valencia) /e/; (Balearic) /ə/

1. (transitive) to owe
2. to have to (followed by an infinitive)

   Synonym: haver de

3. it can be assumed, it can be inferred, to be possible (followed by an infinitive)

Usage notes

While deu INFINITIVE as have to INFINTIVE of obligation is the general historical usage, nowadays in most of Central Catalan deu INFINITIVE has only the meaning of INFINTIVE can be supposed. Compare:

• Se'n va anar corrents, devia tenir pressa ― He ran away, perhaps he was in a hurry
• Se'n va anar corrents, havia de tenir pressa ― He ran away, he had to be in a hurry

Conjugation

    Conjugation of deure (second conjugation, irregular, with velar infix)

infinitive			deure
gerund			devent
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		degut		deguda
		plural		deguts		degudes
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		jo	tu	ell/ella vostè	nosaltres nós	vosaltres vós	ells/elles vostès
	present	dec	deus	deu	devem	deveu	deuen
	imperfect	devia	devies	devia	devíem	devíeu	devien
	future	deuré	deuràs	deurà	deurem	deureu	deuran
	preterite	deguí	degueres	degué	deguérem	deguéreu	degueren
	conditional	deuria	deuries	deuria	deuríem	deuríeu	deurien
subjunctive		jo	tu	ell/ella vostè	nosaltres nós	vosaltres vós	ells/elles vostès
	present	degui	deguis	degui	deguem	degueu	deguin
	imperfect	degués	deguessis	degués	deguéssim	deguéssiu	deguessin
imperative		—	tu	vostè	nosaltres	vosaltres vós	vostès
	affirmative	—	deu	degui	deguem	deveu	deguin
	negative (no)	—	no deguis	no degui	no deguem	no degueu	no deguin

Further reading

• “deure” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
• “deure”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2025.
• “deure” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
• “deure” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

Latin

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /deˈuː.re/, [d̪eˈuːrɛ]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /deˈu.re/, [d̪eˈuːre]

Verb

deūre

1. second-person singular present active imperative of deūrō

Occitan

Alternative forms

• dever

Etymology

From Old Occitan [Term?], from Latin dēbēre (“to owe”) (probably through a Vulgar Latin root *debĕre).

Pronunciation

• Audio (Languedoc):

  (file)

Verb

deure

1. to have to
2. to owe

Conjugation

    Lengadocian (Central Occitan)

		simple			compound
infinitive		deure			aver degut
gerund		devent			use gerund of aver + past participle
past participle		degut			—
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		ieu	tu	el	nosautres	vosautres	eles
	present	devi	deves	deu	devèm	devètz	devon
	imperfect	deviái	deviás	deviá	deviam	deviatz	devián
	preterite	deguèri	deguères	deguèt	deguèrem	deguèretz	deguèron
	future	deurai	deuràs	deurà	deurem	deuretz	deuràn
	conditional	deuriái	deuriás	deuriá	deuriam	deuriatz	deurián
	conditional 2nd form1
compound tenses	present perfect	use the present tense of aver + past participle
	pluperfect	use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle
	past anterior	use the preterite tense of aver + past participle
	future perfect	use the future tense of aver + past participle
	conditional perfect	use the conditional tense of aver + past participle
subjunctive		que ieu	que tu	que el	que nosautres	que vosautres	que eles
	present	dega	degas	dega	degam	degatz	degan
	imperfect	deguèsse	deguèsses	deguèsse	deguèssem	deguèssetz	deguèsson
compound tenses	past	use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle
	pluperfect	use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle
imperative		—	tu	—	nosautres	vosautres	—
			deu		degam	devètz	1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects

Derived terms

• redeure

West Flemish

Etymology

From Middle Dutch duere, variant of dōre, from Old Dutch duri, from Proto-Germanic *durz, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰwer- (“doorway, door, gate”).

Noun

deure f

1. door