escandalizar

Portuguese

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Late Latin scandalizō, from Ancient Greek σκανδαλίζω (skandalízō). By surface analysis, escândalo +‎ -izar.

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /is.kɐ̃.da.liˈza(ʁ)/ [is.kɐ̃.da.liˈza(h)], /es.kɐ̃.da.liˈza(ʁ)/ [es.kɐ̃.da.liˈza(h)]

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /is.kɐ̃.da.liˈza(ʁ)/ [is.kɐ̃.da.liˈza(h)], /es.kɐ̃.da.liˈza(ʁ)/ [es.kɐ̃.da.liˈza(h)]
  • (São Paulo) IPA^(key): /is.kɐ̃.da.liˈza(ɾ)/, /es.kɐ̃.da.liˈza(ɾ)/
  • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): /iʃ.kɐ̃.da.liˈza(ʁ)/ [iʃ.kɐ̃.da.liˈza(χ)], /eʃ.kɐ̃.da.liˈza(ʁ)/ [eʃ.kɐ̃.da.liˈza(χ)]
  • (Southern Brazil) IPA^(key): /es.kɐ̃.da.liˈza(ɻ)/

 

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /(i)ʃ.kɐ̃.dɐ.liˈzaɾ/

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /(i)ʃ.kɐ̃.dɐ.liˈzaɾ/
  • (Southern Portugal) IPA^(key): /(i)ʃ.kɐ̃.dɐ.liˈza.ɾi/

Verb

escandalizar (first-person singular present escandalizo, first-person singular preterite escandalizei, past participle escandalizado)

1. to shock
2. to scandalize

Conjugation

    Conjugation of escandalizar (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	escandalizar
Personal	escandalizar	escandalizares	escandalizar	escandalizarmos	escandalizardes	escandalizarem
Gerund
	escandalizando
Past participle
Masculine	escandalizado			escandalizados
Feminine	escandalizada			escandalizadas
Indicative
Present	escandalizo	escandalizas	escandaliza	escandalizamos	escandalizais	escandalizam
Imperfect	escandalizava	escandalizavas	escandalizava	escandalizávamos	escandalizáveis	escandalizavam
Preterite	escandalizei	escandalizaste	escandalizou	escandalizamos1, escandalizámos2	escandalizastes	escandalizaram
Pluperfect	escandalizara	escandalizaras	escandalizara	escandalizáramos	escandalizáreis	escandalizaram
Future	escandalizarei	escandalizarás	escandalizará	escandalizaremos	escandalizareis	escandalizarão
Conditional	escandalizaria	escandalizarias	escandalizaria	escandalizaríamos	escandalizaríeis	escandalizariam
Subjunctive
Present	escandalize	escandalizes	escandalize	escandalizemos	escandalizeis	escandalizem
Imperfect	escandalizasse	escandalizasses	escandalizasse	escandalizássemos	escandalizásseis	escandalizassem
Future	escandalizar	escandalizares	escandalizar	escandalizarmos	escandalizardes	escandalizarem
Imperative
Affirmative		escandaliza	escandalize	escandalizemos	escandalizai	escandalizem
Negative (não)		não escandalizes	não escandalize	não escandalizemos	não escandalizeis	não escandalizem

¹Brazilian Portuguese.
²European Portuguese.

Derived terms

• escandalização
• escandalizador
• escandalizamento
• escandalizante
• escandalizável

 

Further reading

• “escandalizar”, in Michaelis Dicionário Brasileiro da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), São Paulo: Editora Melhoramentos, 2015–2024

Spanish

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Late Latin scandalizō, from Ancient Greek σκανδαλίζω (skandalízō). By surface analysis, escándalo +‎ -izar.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Spain) /eskandaliˈθaɾ/ [es.kãn̪.d̪a.liˈθaɾ]
• IPA^(key): (Latin America, Philippines) /eskandaliˈsaɾ/ [es.kãn̪.d̪a.liˈsaɾ]
• Rhymes: -aɾ
• Syllabification: es‧can‧da‧li‧zar

Verb

escandalizar (first-person singular present escandalizo, first-person singular preterite escandalicé, past participle escandalizado)

1. to shock
2. to scandalize

Conjugation

    Conjugation of escandalizar (c-z alternation) (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)

infinitive			escandalizar
gerund			escandalizando
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		escandalizado		escandalizada
		plural		escandalizados		escandalizadas
		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
indicative		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	escandalizo	escandalizastú escandalizásvos	escandaliza	escandalizamos	escandalizáis	escandalizan
	imperfect	escandalizaba	escandalizabas	escandalizaba	escandalizábamos	escandalizabais	escandalizaban
	preterite	escandalicé	escandalizaste	escandalizó	escandalizamos	escandalizasteis	escandalizaron
	future	escandalizaré	escandalizarás	escandalizará	escandalizaremos	escandalizaréis	escandalizarán
	conditional	escandalizaría	escandalizarías	escandalizaría	escandalizaríamos	escandalizaríais	escandalizarían
subjunctive		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	escandalice	escandalicestú escandalicésvos2	escandalice	escandalicemos	escandalicéis	escandalicen
	imperfect (ra)	escandalizara	escandalizaras	escandalizara	escandalizáramos	escandalizarais	escandalizaran
	imperfect (se)	escandalizase	escandalizases	escandalizase	escandalizásemos	escandalizaseis	escandalizasen
	future1	escandalizare	escandalizares	escandalizare	escandalizáremos	escandalizareis	escandalizaren
imperative		—	tú vos	usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ustedes
	affirmative		escandalizatú escandalizávos	escandalice	escandalicemos	escandalizad	escandalicen
	negative		no escandalices	no escandalice	no escandalicemos	no escandalicéis	no escandalicen

¹Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
²Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.

    Selected combined forms of escandalizar (c-z alternation)

These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
with infinitive escandalizar
	dative	escandalizarme	escandalizarte	escandalizarle, escandalizarse	escandalizarnos	escandalizaros	escandalizarles, escandalizarse
	accusative	escandalizarme	escandalizarte	escandalizarlo, escandalizarla, escandalizarse	escandalizarnos	escandalizaros	escandalizarlos, escandalizarlas, escandalizarse
with gerund escandalizando
	dative	escandalizándome	escandalizándote	escandalizándole, escandalizándose	escandalizándonos	escandalizándoos	escandalizándoles, escandalizándose
	accusative	escandalizándome	escandalizándote	escandalizándolo, escandalizándola, escandalizándose	escandalizándonos	escandalizándoos	escandalizándolos, escandalizándolas, escandalizándose
with informal second-person singular tú imperative escandaliza
	dative	escandalízame	escandalízate	escandalízale	escandalízanos	not used	escandalízales
	accusative	escandalízame	escandalízate	escandalízalo, escandalízala	escandalízanos	not used	escandalízalos, escandalízalas
with informal second-person singular vos imperative escandalizá
	dative	escandalizame	escandalizate	escandalizale	escandalizanos	not used	escandalizales
	accusative	escandalizame	escandalizate	escandalizalo, escandalizala	escandalizanos	not used	escandalizalos, escandalizalas
with formal second-person singular imperative escandalice
	dative	escandalíceme	not used	escandalícele, escandalícese	escandalícenos	not used	escandalíceles
	accusative	escandalíceme	not used	escandalícelo, escandalícela, escandalícese	escandalícenos	not used	escandalícelos, escandalícelas
with first-person plural imperative escandalicemos
	dative	not used	escandalicémoste	escandalicémosle	escandalicémonos	escandalicémoos	escandalicémosles
	accusative	not used	escandalicémoste	escandalicémoslo, escandalicémosla	escandalicémonos	escandalicémoos	escandalicémoslos, escandalicémoslas
with informal second-person plural imperative escandalizad
	dative	escandalizadme	not used	escandalizadle	escandalizadnos	escandalizaos	escandalizadles
	accusative	escandalizadme	not used	escandalizadlo, escandalizadla	escandalizadnos	escandalizaos	escandalizadlos, escandalizadlas
with formal second-person plural imperative escandalicen
	dative	escandalícenme	not used	escandalícenle	escandalícennos	not used	escandalícenles, escandalícense
	accusative	escandalícenme	not used	escandalícenlo, escandalícenla	escandalícennos	not used	escandalícenlos, escandalícenlas, escandalícense

Derived terms

• escandalizable
• escandalizador

 

Related terms

• escándalo

 

Further reading

• “escandalizar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española (in Spanish), online version 23.7, Royal Spanish Academy, 2023 November 28