fraus

English edit

fraus

fraus

Perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *dʰrewgʰ- (“to deceive, mislead”), with an uncertain phonetic development. However see also Sanskrit ध्रुति (dhruti, “deception”), द्रुह्यति (druhyati, “to deceive”) and Younger Avestan 𐬛𐬭𐬁𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬁𐬝 (drāuuaiiāt̰, “will deceive”), which (along with perhaps Proto-Germanic *draumaz (“dream”)) point to Proto-Indo-European *dʰrew-, which would have been extended as *dʰrew-d⁽ʰ⁾- at some point before Latin and also as *dʰrew-gʰ- in PIE times.

fraus f (genitive fraudis); third declension

cheating, deceit, deception, fraud, guile, stratagem, trick, treachery, wiles
Synonyms: dēceptiō, maleficium, perfidia, dolus, stratēgēma, ars
- 29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 4.675:
  “Mē fraude petēbās?”
  (Literally) “[So, it’s] me [who] you are aiming at with [your] deceit?”
  (The emphatic position of “me” conveys Anna’s emotional response to Dido’s impending death. Translations – Mackail, 1885: “Was my summons a snare?”; Knight, 1956: “You planned to deceive me!”; Mandelbaum, 1971: “Did you plan this fraud for me?”; West, 1990: “It was all to deceive your sister!”; Ahl, 2007: “Your fraud had me as its target?”; Bartsch, 2020: “You wanted to trick me?”)
delusion, error
injury, hurt, harm
Synonyms: damnum, dētrīmentum, incommoditās, calamitās, pauperiēs, maleficium, iniūria, noxa, vulnus
bad or ill intent

“fraus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
“fraus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
fraus in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
“fraud”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911, →OCLC.
Pokorny, Julius (1959) Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 1, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 277
De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “fraus, -dis”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 240

fraus

fraus