vulnus

English

Etymology

Latin

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈvʌlnəs/

Noun

vulnus (plural vulnera)

1. (medicine, formal) A wound.
   • 1749, Henry Fielding, The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling, volumes (please specify |volume=I to VI), London: A[ndrew] Millar, […], →OCLC:

     I was once, I remember, called to a patient who had received a violent contusion in his tibia, by which the exterior cutis was lacerated, so that there was a profuse sanguinary discharge; and the interior membranes were so divellicated, that the os or bone very plainly appeared through the aperture of the vulnus or wound.

   • 1999, Acta classica, volumes 42-43, page 89:

     But for the veterans in the Pannonian legions, their vulnera were no longer their tokens of honour, but an indication of the severity of service in the army.

Related terms

• vuln
• vulnerable
• vulnerate

Italian

Etymology

Unadapted borrowing from Latin vulnus.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈvul.nus/
• Rhymes: -ulnus
• Hyphenation: vùl‧nus

Noun

vulnus m (plural vulnera)

1. (law) infringement (of a right)
2. (by extension) an offense capable of destabilizing a principle or norm

Related terms

• vulnerabile
• vulnerabilità
• vulnerare
• vulnerario

 

Further reading

• vulnus in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana

Latin

Vulnus.

Etymology

From Proto-Italic *welanos, perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *welh₃- (“to hit”). Cognate with Latin vellō.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /ˈu̯ul.nus/, [ˈu̯ʊɫ̪nʊs̠]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈvul.nus/, [ˈvulnus]

Noun

vulnus n (genitive vulneris); third declension

1. wound, injury

   Synonyms: damnum, dētrīmentum, incommoditās, calamitās, pauperiēs, maleficium, iniūria, noxa, fraus, plāga

2. (figuratively) blow

   Synonyms: colaphus, pulsus, ictus, plāga

3. incision

   Synonyms: cicātrīx, incīsiō

4. misfortune, calamity, disaster

   Synonyms: plāga, dētrīmentum, incommodum, clādēs, interitus, incommoditās, cāsus, perniciēs, exitium, īnfortūnium, miseria, calamitās, malum, cruciātus, nūbēs

   Antonyms: commodum, commoditās

5. a loss in a battle

   Synonyms: clādēs, calamitās, incommodum, dētrīmentum

   Antonym: victōria

Declension

Third-declension noun (neuter, imparisyllabic non-i-stem).

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	vulnus	vulnera
Genitive	vulneris	vulnerum
Dative	vulnerī	vulneribus
Accusative	vulnus	vulnera
Ablative	vulnere	vulneribus
Vocative	vulnus	vulnera

Derived terms

• vulnerārius
• vulnerō
• vulnifer
• vulnificō
• vulnificus
• vulnusculum

Related terms

• vulnerābilis
• vulnerātiō
• vulnerātor

See also

• ulcus

References

• “vulnus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• vulnus in Dizionario Latino, Olivetti
• vulnus in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• vulnus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • to wound a person (also used metaphorically): vulnus infligere alicui
    
  • to be (seriously, mortally) wounded: vulnus (grave, mortiferum) accipere, excipere
    
  • after many had been wounded on both sides: multis et illatis et acceptis vulneribus (B. G. 1. 50)
    
  • weakened by wounds: vulneribus confectus
    
  • to open an old wound: refricare vulnus, cicatricem obductam
    
  • to die of wounds: ex vulnere mori (Fam. 10. 33)
    
  • the victory cost much blood and many wounds, was very dearly bought: victoria multo sanguine ac vulneribus stetit (Liv. 23. 30)
    
  • (ambiguous) wounds (scars) on the breast: vulnera (cicatrices) adversa (opp. aversa)
    
  • (ambiguous) wounds (scars) on the breast: vulnera adverso corpore accepta