kesan

See also: Keşan

Indonesian

Etymology

From Malay kesan, clipping of bekasan, from bekas +‎ -an.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [kəˈsan]
• Rhymes: -san, -an, -n
• Hyphenation: kê‧san

Noun

kêsan (plural kesan-kesan, first-person possessive kesanku, second-person possessive kesanmu, third-person possessive kesannya)

1. impression
2. trace, mark, print

   Synonyms: bekas, jejak

Usage notes

The word is part of false friends between Standard Malay and Indonesian due to shared etymology. The Brunei, Malaysia and Singapore usage can be seen in Malay kesan.

Derived terms

• berkesan
• mengesan
• mengesani
• mengesankan
• terkesan

 

Further reading

• “kesan” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

Malay

Etymology

Clipping of bekasan, from bekas +‎ -an.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kəsan/
• Rhymes: -esan, -san, -an
• Hyphenation: ke‧san

Noun

kesan (Jawi spelling کسن, plural kesan-kesan, informal 1st possessive kesanku, 2nd possessive kesanmu, 3rd possessive kesannya)

1. mark on something
2. effect

Usage notes

The word is part of false friends between Standard Malay and Indonesian due to shared etymology. The Indonesian usage can be seen in Indonesian kesan.

Derived terms

Affixed terms and other derivations

Regular affixed derivations:

• pengesan [agentive / qualitative / instrumental / abstract / measure] (peN-)
• pengesanan [agentive / qualitative / instrumental / abstract / measure + resultative / locative / collective / variety / verbal noun / fruit] (peN- + -an)
• perkesankan [causative passive + causative benefactive] (peR- + -kan)
• mengesan [agent focus] (meN-)
• mengesankan [agent focus + causative benefactive] (meN- + -kan)
• mengesani [agent focus + causative (locative) benefactive] (meN- + -i)
• terkesan [agentless action] (teR-)
• berkesan [stative / habitual] (beR-)
• keberkesanan [stative / habitual + abstract / locative] (beR- + ke-an)

Descendants

• Indonesian: kesan

Further reading

• “kesan” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.