pervertir

Catalan

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin pervertere, with normal change of conjugation to -ir.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Central) [pər.bərˈti]
• IPA^(key): (Balearic) [pər.vərˈti]
• IPA^(key): (Valencia) [peɾ.veɾˈtiɾ]

Verb

pervertir (first-person singular present perverteixo, first-person singular preterite pervertí, past participle pervertit)

1. (transitive) to pervert

Conjugation

    Conjugation of pervertir (third conjugation, with -eix-)

infinitive			pervertir
gerund			pervertint
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		pervertit		pervertida
		plural		pervertits		pervertides
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		jo	tu	ell/ella vostè	nosaltres nós	vosaltres vós	ells/elles vostès
	present	perverteixo	perverteixes	perverteix	pervertim	pervertiu	perverteixen
	imperfect	pervertia	perverties	pervertia	pervertíem	pervertíeu	pervertien
	future	pervertiré	pervertiràs	pervertirà	pervertirem	pervertireu	pervertiran
	preterite	pervertí	pervertires	pervertí	pervertírem	pervertíreu	pervertiren
	conditional	pervertiria	pervertiries	pervertiria	pervertiríem	pervertiríeu	pervertirien
subjunctive		jo	tu	ell/ella vostè	nosaltres nós	vosaltres vós	ells/elles vostès
	present	perverteixi	perverteixis	perverteixi	pervertim	pervertiu	perverteixin
	imperfect	pervertís	pervertissis	pervertís	pervertíssim	pervertíssiu	pervertissin
imperative		—	tu	vostè	nosaltres	vosaltres vós	vostès
	affirmative	—	perverteix	perverteixi	pervertim	pervertiu	perverteixin
	negative (no)	—	no perverteixis	no perverteixi	no pervertim	no pervertiu	no perverteixin

Related terms

• pervers
• perversió

Further reading

• “pervertir” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
• “pervertir”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2024
• “pervertir” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
• “pervertir” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

French

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin pervertere, pervertō with change of conjugation class.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /pɛʁ.vɛʁ.tiʁ/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Audio:

  (file)

Verb

pervertir

1. to worsen; to corrupt

Conjugation

This is a regular verb of the second conjugation, like finir, choisir, and most other verbs with infinitives ending in -ir. One salient feature of this conjugation is the repeated appearance of the infix -iss-.

Conjugation of pervertir (see also Appendix:French verbs)

infinitive	simple	pervertir
	compound	avoir + past participle
present participle or gerund1	simple	pervertissant /pɛʁ.vɛʁ.ti.sɑ̃/
	compound	ayant + past participle
past participle		perverti /pɛʁ.vɛʁ.ti/
		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		je (j’)	tu	il, elle, on	nous	vous	ils, elles
(simple tenses)	present	pervertis /pɛʁ.vɛʁ.ti/	pervertis /pɛʁ.vɛʁ.ti/	pervertit /pɛʁ.vɛʁ.ti/	pervertissons /pɛʁ.vɛʁ.ti.sɔ̃/	pervertissez /pɛʁ.vɛʁ.ti.se/	pervertissent /pɛʁ.vɛʁ.tis/
	imperfect	pervertissais /pɛʁ.vɛʁ.ti.sɛ/	pervertissais /pɛʁ.vɛʁ.ti.sɛ/	pervertissait /pɛʁ.vɛʁ.ti.sɛ/	pervertissions /pɛʁ.vɛʁ.ti.sjɔ̃/	pervertissiez /pɛʁ.vɛʁ.ti.sje/	pervertissaient /pɛʁ.vɛʁ.ti.sɛ/
	past historic2	pervertis /pɛʁ.vɛʁ.ti/	pervertis /pɛʁ.vɛʁ.ti/	pervertit /pɛʁ.vɛʁ.ti/	pervertîmes /pɛʁ.vɛʁ.tim/	pervertîtes /pɛʁ.vɛʁ.tit/	pervertirent /pɛʁ.vɛʁ.tiʁ/
	future	pervertirai /pɛʁ.vɛʁ.ti.ʁe/	pervertiras /pɛʁ.vɛʁ.ti.ʁa/	pervertira /pɛʁ.vɛʁ.ti.ʁa/	pervertirons /pɛʁ.vɛʁ.ti.ʁɔ̃/	pervertirez /pɛʁ.vɛʁ.ti.ʁe/	pervertiront /pɛʁ.vɛʁ.ti.ʁɔ̃/
	conditional	pervertirais /pɛʁ.vɛʁ.ti.ʁɛ/	pervertirais /pɛʁ.vɛʁ.ti.ʁɛ/	pervertirait /pɛʁ.vɛʁ.ti.ʁɛ/	pervertirions /pɛʁ.vɛʁ.ti.ʁjɔ̃/	pervertiriez /pɛʁ.vɛʁ.ti.ʁje/	pervertiraient /pɛʁ.vɛʁ.ti.ʁɛ/
(compound tenses)	present perfect	present indicative of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
	past anterior2	past historic of avoir + past participle
	future perfect	future of avoir + past participle
	conditional perfect	conditional of avoir + past participle
subjunctive		que je (j’)	que tu	qu’il, qu’elle	que nous	que vous	qu’ils, qu’elles
(simple tenses)	present	pervertisse /pɛʁ.vɛʁ.tis/	pervertisses /pɛʁ.vɛʁ.tis/	pervertisse /pɛʁ.vɛʁ.tis/	pervertissions /pɛʁ.vɛʁ.ti.sjɔ̃/	pervertissiez /pɛʁ.vɛʁ.ti.sje/	pervertissent /pɛʁ.vɛʁ.tis/
	imperfect2	pervertisse /pɛʁ.vɛʁ.tis/	pervertisses /pɛʁ.vɛʁ.tis/	pervertît /pɛʁ.vɛʁ.ti/	pervertissions /pɛʁ.vɛʁ.ti.sjɔ̃/	pervertissiez /pɛʁ.vɛʁ.ti.sje/	pervertissent /pɛʁ.vɛʁ.tis/
(compound tenses)	past	present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect2	imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative		–	tu	–	nous	vous	–
simple		—	pervertis /pɛʁ.vɛʁ.ti/	—	pervertissons /pɛʁ.vɛʁ.ti.sɔ̃/	pervertissez /pɛʁ.vɛʁ.ti.se/	—
compound		—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en.
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way: past historic → present perfect past anterior → pluperfect imperfect subjunctive → present subjunctive pluperfect subjunctive → past subjunctive (Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81).

Related terms

• pervers
• perversion
• perverti

Further reading

• “pervertir”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

Old French

Etymology

From Latin pervertō.

Verb

pervertir

1. (transitive) to lead astray
2. (intransitive) to be led astray

Conjugation

This verb conjugates as a second-group verb (ending in -ir, with an -iss- infix). Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.

    Conjugation of pervertir (see also Appendix:Old French verbs)

		simple			compound
infinitive		pervertir			avoir perverti
gerund		en pervertissant			gerund of avoir + past participle
present participle		pervertissant
past participle		perverti
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		jo	tu	il	nos	vos	il
simple tenses	present	pervertis	pervertis	pervertist	pervertissons	pervertissez	pervertissent
	imperfect	pervertissoie, pervertisseie	pervertissoies, pervertisseies	pervertissoit, pervertisseit	pervertissiiens, pervertissiens	pervertissiiez, pervertissiez	pervertissoient, pervertisseient
	preterite	perverti	pervertis	perverti	pervertimes	pervertistes	pervertirent
	future	pervertirai	pervertiras	pervertira	pervertirons	pervertiroiz, pervertireiz, pervertirez	pervertiront
	conditional	pervertiroie, pervertireie	pervertiroies, pervertireies	pervertiroit, pervertireit	pervertiriiens, pervertiriens	pervertiriiez, pervertiriez	pervertiroient, pervertireient
compound tenses	present perfect	present tense of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect tense of avoir + past participle
	past anterior	preterite tense of avoir + past participle
	future perfect	future tense of avoir + past participle
	conditional perfect	conditional tense of avoir + past participle
subjunctive		que jo	que tu	qu’il	que nos	que vos	qu’il
simple tenses	present	pervertisse	pervertisses	pervertisse	pervertissons	pervertissez	pervertissent
	imperfect	pervertisse	pervertisses	pervertist	pervertissons, pervertissiens	pervertissoiz, pervertissez, pervertissiez	pervertissent
compound tenses	past	present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative		–	tu	–	nos	vos	–
		—	pervertis	—	pervertissons	pervertissez	—

Descendants

• English: to pervert
• French: pervertir

Spanish

Etymology

From Latin pervertere.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /peɾbeɾˈtiɾ/ [peɾ.β̞eɾˈt̪iɾ]
• Rhymes: -iɾ
• Syllabification: per‧ver‧tir

Verb

pervertir (first-person singular present pervierto, first-person singular preterite pervertí, past participle pervertido)

1. (transitive) to pervert, lead astray, garble, corrupt

Conjugation

    Conjugation of pervertir (e-ie-i alternation) (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)

infinitive			pervertir
gerund			pervirtiendo
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		pervertido		pervertida
		plural		pervertidos		pervertidas
		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
indicative		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	pervierto	perviertestú pervertísvos	pervierte	pervertimos	pervertís	pervierten
	imperfect	pervertía	pervertías	pervertía	pervertíamos	pervertíais	pervertían
	preterite	pervertí	pervertiste	pervirtió	pervertimos	pervertisteis	pervirtieron
	future	pervertiré	pervertirás	pervertirá	pervertiremos	pervertiréis	pervertirán
	conditional	pervertiría	pervertirías	pervertiría	pervertiríamos	pervertiríais	pervertirían
subjunctive		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	pervierta	perviertastú pervirtásvos2	pervierta	pervirtamos	pervirtáis	perviertan
	imperfect (ra)	pervirtiera	pervirtieras	pervirtiera	pervirtiéramos	pervirtierais	pervirtieran
	imperfect (se)	pervirtiese	pervirtieses	pervirtiese	pervirtiésemos	pervirtieseis	pervirtiesen
	future1	pervirtiere	pervirtieres	pervirtiere	pervirtiéremos	pervirtiereis	pervirtieren
imperative		—	tú vos	usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ustedes
	affirmative		perviertetú pervertívos	pervierta	pervirtamos	pervertid	perviertan
	negative		no perviertas	no pervierta	no pervirtamos	no pervirtáis	no perviertan

¹Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
²Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.

    Selected combined forms of pervertir (e-ie-i alternation)

These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
with infinitive pervertir
	dative	pervertirme	pervertirte	pervertirle, pervertirse	pervertirnos	pervertiros	pervertirles, pervertirse
	accusative	pervertirme	pervertirte	pervertirlo, pervertirla, pervertirse	pervertirnos	pervertiros	pervertirlos, pervertirlas, pervertirse
with gerund pervirtiendo
	dative	pervirtiéndome	pervirtiéndote	pervirtiéndole, pervirtiéndose	pervirtiéndonos	pervirtiéndoos	pervirtiéndoles, pervirtiéndose
	accusative	pervirtiéndome	pervirtiéndote	pervirtiéndolo, pervirtiéndola, pervirtiéndose	pervirtiéndonos	pervirtiéndoos	pervirtiéndolos, pervirtiéndolas, pervirtiéndose
with informal second-person singular tú imperative pervierte
	dative	perviérteme	perviértete	perviértele	perviértenos	not used	perviérteles
	accusative	perviérteme	perviértete	perviértelo, perviértela	perviértenos	not used	perviértelos, perviértelas
with informal second-person singular vos imperative pervertí
	dative	pervertime	pervertite	pervertile	pervertinos	not used	pervertiles
	accusative	pervertime	pervertite	pervertilo, pervertila	pervertinos	not used	pervertilos, pervertilas
with formal second-person singular imperative pervierta
	dative	perviértame	not used	perviértale, perviértase	perviértanos	not used	perviértales
	accusative	perviértame	not used	perviértalo, perviértala, perviértase	perviértanos	not used	perviértalos, perviértalas
with first-person plural imperative pervirtamos
	dative	not used	pervirtámoste	pervirtámosle	pervirtámonos	pervirtámoos	pervirtámosles
	accusative	not used	pervirtámoste	pervirtámoslo, pervirtámosla	pervirtámonos	pervirtámoos	pervirtámoslos, pervirtámoslas
with informal second-person plural imperative pervertid
	dative	pervertidme	not used	pervertidle	pervertidnos	pervertíos	pervertidles
	accusative	pervertidme	not used	pervertidlo, pervertidla	pervertidnos	pervertíos	pervertidlos, pervertidlas
with formal second-person plural imperative perviertan
	dative	perviértanme	not used	perviértanle	perviértannos	not used	perviértanles, perviértanse
	accusative	perviértanme	not used	perviértanlo, perviértanla	perviértannos	not used	perviértanlos, perviértanlas, perviértanse

Related terms

• perversidad
• perversión
• perverso
• verter

 

Further reading

• “pervertir”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014