pra-
See also: Appendix:Variations of "pra"
Czech edit
Etymology edit
Inherited from Old Czech pra- (“before (in time)”), from Proto-Slavic *pra-.[1]
Pronunciation edit
Prefix edit
pra-
- great- (removed by one generation from)
- pra- + dědeček → pradědeček (“great-grandfather”)
- pra- + babička → prababička (“great-grandmother”)
- fore- (ancestor)
- primaeval, primary
- (linguistics) proto-
- Synonym: proto-
- pra- + čeština → pračeština (“Proto-Czech”)
- pra- + slovanština → praslovanština (“Proto-Slavic”)
- very, extremely (intensifying the meaning of the original adjective)
- pra- + podivný → prapodivný (“very strange”)
- pra- + malý → pramalý (“extremely small”)
Derived terms edit
Related terms edit
- (very): prach-
References edit
- ^ Rejzek, Jiří (2015) “pra-”, in Český etymologický slovník [Czech Etymological Dictionary] (in Czech), 3rd (revised and expanded) edition, Praha: LEDA, →ISBN, page 545
Further reading edit
- pra- in Příruční slovník jazyka českého, 1935–1957
- pra-/prach- in Slovník afixů užívaných v češtině, 2017
Esperanto edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from Russian пра- (pra-) and Polish pra-.
Pronunciation edit
Prefix edit
pra-
- ur-; primitive; primordial; prehistoric
- fore-
- great-
- pra- + avo (“grandfather”) → praavo (“great-grandfather”)
- pra- + onklino (“aunt”) → praonklino (“great-aunt”)
- pra- + nepo (“grandson”) → pranepo (“great-grandson”)
Derived terms edit
Indonesian edit
Etymology edit
Learned borrowing from Old Javanese pra-, from Sanskrit प्र- (pra-), from Proto-Indo-Aryan *pra-, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *pra-, from Proto-Indo-European *pro-.
Prefix edit
pra-
- pre-, before; earlier in time; beforehand.
- prasekolah ― preschool
- prasejarah ― prehistory
- prakata ― preface
Derived terms edit
Further reading edit
- “pra-” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation — Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic Indonesia, 2016.
Old Javanese edit
Etymology 1 edit
Borrowed from Sanskrit प्र- (pra-), from Proto-Indo-Aryan *pra-, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *pra-, from Proto-Indo-European *pro-.
Prefix edit
pra-
- a part of.
Alternative forms edit
Descendants edit
- → Indonesian: pra- (learned)
Etymology 2 edit
Prefix edit
pra-
- Alternative spelling of para-
Derived terms edit
Polish edit
Etymology edit
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *pra-.
Pronunciation edit
Prefix edit
pra-
- proto-, pre-, ur-
- prepended to ancestors before grandparents; great-
- pra- + dziadek → pradziadek (“great-grandfather”)
- pra- + babcia → prababcia (“great-grandmother”)
- prepended to descendants after grandchildren
- pra- + wnuk → prawnuk (“great-grandson”)
- pra- + wnuczka → prawnuczka (“great-granddaughter”)
Derived terms edit
See also edit
Further reading edit
- pra- in Polish dictionaries at PWN
Serbo-Croatian edit
Etymology edit
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *pra-.
Prefix edit
pra- (Cyrillic spelling пра-)
- appended to ancestors before grandparents
- ur-; primitive; primordial; prehistoric
- pra- + postojbina → prapostojbina (“urheimat”)
- pra- + ìstōrija → praistorija (“prehistory”)
Derived terms edit
See also edit
Slovak edit
Etymology edit
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *pra-.
Prefix edit
pra-
- great- (removed by one generation from)
- (linguistics) proto-
- pra- + slovanština → praslovanština
Derived terms edit
Slovene edit
Etymology edit
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *pra-.
Pronunciation edit
Prefix edit
prȃ-
- great- (removed by one generation from)
- (linguistics) proto-
- pra- + slovanščina → praslovanščina
Derived terms edit
Further reading edit
- “pra-”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, portal Fran