rune

See also: Rune, runë, and runę

English

Anglo-Saxon runes

Etymology

Borrowed from Old Norse rún, which is from Proto-Germanic *rūnō (“letter, literature, secret”), which is borrowed either from Proto-Celtic *rūnā or from the same source as it; compare Dutch rune, German Rune and Swedish runa. Compare roun.

Pronunciation

• enPR: ro͞on, IPA^(key): /ɹuːn/

• Audio (US)

  (file)

• Rhymes: -uːn

Noun

rune (plural runes)

1. A letter, or character, belonging to the written language of various ancient Germanic peoples, especially the Scandinavians and the Anglo-Saxons.
2. A Finnish or Scandinavian epic poem, or a division of one, especially a division of the Kalevala.
3. A letter or mark used as mystical or magic symbol.
4. A verse or song, especially one with mystical or mysterious overtones; a spell or an incantation.
   • 1891, Mary Noailles Murfree, In the "Stranger People's" Country, Nebraska 2005, page 15:

     the fiddle sang and sang as ceaselessly as the chanting cicada without, and the frogs intoning their sylvan runes by the waterside.

5. (obsolete) A roun (secret or mystery).
6. (programming) In the Go programming language, a Unicode code point.

Derived terms

Derived terms

• runecraft
• runelore

• runester
• runology, runologist

Translations

letter or character

• Catalan: runa f
• Danish: rune (da) c
• Dutch: rune (nl) m or f
• Faroese: rún f
• Finnish: riimu (fi), riimukirjain (fi)
• French: rune (fr) f
• German: Rune (de) f, Runenbuchstabe m, Runenzeichen (de) n
• Greek: ρούνος m (roúnos)
• Icelandic: rún (is) f
• Irish: rúnscríbhinn f
• Italian: runa (it) f
• Japanese: ルーン文字 (rūn-moji)
• Latin: ^{(please verify)} runa (la) f
• Macedonian: руна f (runa)

• Manx: roon
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: rune m or f, runestav m, runetegn n

  Nynorsk: rune f, runestav m, runeteikn n

• Old Norse: rún f
• Polish: runa (pl) f
• Portuguese: runa f
• Russian: ру́на (ru) f (rúna)
• Spanish: runa (es) f
• Swedish: runa (sv) c
• Turkish: rün (tr)
• Volapük: raunatonat
• Welsh: rŵn m or f, llythyren rwnig f

Finnish or Scandinavian poem

• Finnish: runo (fi)
• Japanese: (poem) 北欧古詩 (hokuō-koshi); (myth) 北欧神話 (hokuō-shinwa)

• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: rune m

mystical letter or mark

• Finnish: mystinen merkki

mystical verse or song

• Finnish: loitsu (fi)

secret or mystery

• Finnish: salaisuus (fi)

The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables, removing any numbers. Numbers do not necessarily match those in definitions. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout#Translations.

Translations to be checked

• Japanese: ^{(please verify)} 占星術 (ja) (senseijutsu)

Anagrams

• Nuer, Uren, neur-, urne

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Danish

Noun

rune c (singular definite runen, plural indefinite runer)

1. rune

Declension

Declension of rune

common gender	Singular		Plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	rune	runen	runer	runerne
genitive	runes	runens	runers	runernes

References

• “rune” in Den Danske Ordbog

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Dutch

Etymology

Borrowed from German Rune, from Old Norse rún.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈrynə/

• Audio

  (file)

• Hyphenation: ru‧ne
• Rhymes: -ynə

Noun

rune f (plural runen, diminutive runetje n)

1. rune

Derived terms

• runenschrift
• runenteken

Anagrams

• uren
• urne

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French

Etymology

Borrowed from Old Norse rún.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ʁyn/
• Rhymes: -yn

Noun

rune f (plural runes)

1. rune

Derived terms

• runologie

Descendants

• → Turkish: rün

Further reading

• “rune” in le Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).

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Interlingue

Noun

rune (plural runes)

1. rune

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Italian

Pronunciation

• Rhymes: -une

Noun

rune f

1. plural of runa

Anagrams

• urne

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Middle Dutch

Etymology

From Old Dutch *rūna, from Proto-Germanic *rūnō.

Noun

rune f

1. (rare) secretive whispering

Inflection

This noun needs an inflection-table template.

Further reading

• Verwijs, E.; Verdam, J. (1885–1929), “rune (I)”, in Middelniederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, →ISBN, page I

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Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology

From Old Norse rún.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /rʉːnə/
• Rhymes: -ʉːnə

Noun

rune f or m (definite singular runa or runen, indefinite plural runer, definite plural runene)

1. rune

References

• “rune” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

Anagrams

• uren

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Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology

From Old Norse rún.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /rʉːnə/
• Rhymes: -ʉːnə

Noun

rune f (definite singular runa, indefinite plural runer, definite plural runene)

1. rune

References

• “rune” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

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Old English

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈruːne/

Noun

rūne

1. accusative singular of rūn
2. genitive singular of rūn
3. dative singular of rūn
4. nominative plural of rūn
5. accusative plural of rūn