tempura
English edit
Alternative forms edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from Japanese 天麩羅 (tenpura), from Portuguese, ultimately from Latin. Different dictionaries link two different original terms:
- Portuguese tempero (“seasoning”) or tempera (“he/she/it seasons; season!”), third-person present singular or imperative tense of temperar (“to season, to temper”), from Latin temperare (“to mix, to temper”).[1][2][3]
- Portuguese têmpora (“Ember days”), from Latin tempora, plural of tempus (“time; period”). When Portuguese explorers (mostly Jesuit missionaries) arrived in Japan, they abstained from eating beef, pork, and poultry during the Ember days, a Catholic series of holidays. Instead, they ate fried vegetables and fish. This was the first contact of the Japanese with fried food, and since then they began associating the Portuguese word têmpora (which they pronounced tenpura) with such food.[3][4]
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
tempura (countable and uncountable, plural tempuras)
- A Japanese dish made by deep-frying vegetables, seafood, or other foods in a light batter.
- Hypernym: fritter
Translations edit
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References edit
- ^ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典(新装版) [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
- ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Matsumura, Akira (1995) 大辞泉 [Daijisen] (in Japanese), First edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
- ^ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
Cebuano edit
Etymology edit
Possibly from Spanish tempura (“breaded or battered like (Japanese) tempura”), from Japanese 天麩羅 (tenpura), from Portuguese, from Latin.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
tempura
- (colloquial) kikiam (deep fried elongated beancurd roll over meat (usually ground pork) and vegetables, served as a streetfood snack)
Finnish edit
Etymology edit
From Japanese 天麩羅 (てんぷら, tenpura).
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
tempura
Declension edit
Inflection of tempura (Kotus type 12/kulkija, no gradation) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
nominative | tempura | tempurat | ||
genitive | tempuran | tempuroiden tempuroitten | ||
partitive | tempuraa | tempuroita | ||
illative | tempuraan | tempuroihin | ||
singular | plural | |||
nominative | tempura | tempurat | ||
accusative | nom. | tempura | tempurat | |
gen. | tempuran | |||
genitive | tempuran | tempuroiden tempuroitten tempurainrare | ||
partitive | tempuraa | tempuroita | ||
inessive | tempurassa | tempuroissa | ||
elative | tempurasta | tempuroista | ||
illative | tempuraan | tempuroihin | ||
adessive | tempuralla | tempuroilla | ||
ablative | tempuralta | tempuroilta | ||
allative | tempuralle | tempuroille | ||
essive | tempurana | tempuroina | ||
translative | tempuraksi | tempuroiksi | ||
abessive | tempuratta | tempuroitta | ||
instructive | — | tempuroin | ||
comitative | See the possessive forms below. |
Further reading edit
- “tempura”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish][1] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-03
Indonesian edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from Japanese 天麩羅 (てんぷら, tenpura), from Portuguese, ultimately from Latin. Different dictionaries link two different original terms:
- Portuguese tempero (“seasoning”) or tempera (“he/she/it seasons; season!”), third-person present singular or imperative tense of temperar (“to season, to temper”), from Latin temperare (“to mix, to temper”).[1][2][3]
- Portuguese têmpora (“Ember days”), from Latin tempora, plural of tempus (“time; period”). When Portuguese explorers (mostly Jesuit missionaries) arrived in Japan, they abstained from eating beef, pork, and poultry during the Ember days, a Catholic series of holidays. Instead, they ate fried vegetables and fish. This was the first contact of the Japanese with fried food, and since then they began associating the Portuguese word têmpora (which they pronounced tenpura) with such food.[3][4]
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
tempura
- (cooking) A Japanese dish made by deep-frying vegetables, seafood, or other foods in a light batter.
References edit
- ^ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典(新装版) [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
- ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Matsumura, Akira (1995) 大辞泉 [Daijisen] (in Japanese), First edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
- ^ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
Further reading edit
- “tempura” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
Italian edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from Japanese 天麩羅 (てんぷら, tenpura), from Portuguese, ultimately from Latin, cognate with either temperare or tempo, tempora. See above for more.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
tempura m or f (invariable)
Anagrams edit
Polish edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from Japanese 天麩羅 (てんぷら, tenpura), from Portuguese, from Latin.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
tempura f
Declension edit
Further reading edit
- tempura in Polish dictionaries at PWN
Portuguese edit
Alternative forms edit
Pronunciation edit
- Rhymes: -uɾɐ
- Hyphenation: tem‧pu‧ra
Noun edit
tempura f (plural tempuras)
- European Portuguese standard form of tempurá.
Spanish edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from Japanese 天麩羅 (てんぷら, tenpura), from Portuguese, ultimately from Latin. See above for more.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
tempura f (plural tempuras)
Adjective edit
tempura m or f (masculine and feminine plural tempuras)
Further reading edit
- “tempura”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014
Tagalog edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from traditional Hepburn romaji of Japanese 天麩羅 (tenpura), from Portuguese, from Latin.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
tempura (Baybayin spelling ᜆᜒᜋ᜔ᜉᜓᜇ)
- tempura (Japanese dish)
Further reading edit
- “tempura”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018