淰

Translingual edit

Han character edit

淰 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+8, 11 strokes, cangjie input 水人戈心 (EOIP), four-corner 3813₂, composition ⿰氵念)

Derived characters edit

𨢯

References edit

Kangxi Dictionary: page 631, character 17
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17685
Dae Jaweon: page 1034, character 6
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1655, character 4
Unihan data for U+6DF0

Chinese edit

trad.		淰
simp. ^#		淰

Glyph origin edit

Characters in the same phonetic series (念) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
淰	rnɯːmʔ, nɯːmʔ, *hnjɯmʔ
唸	tɯːms, tɯːns
埝	tɯːms, nɯːb
趝	klɯːms, n̥ʰɯːms
諗	*hnjɯmʔ
稔	*njɯːm
棯	*njɯmʔ
腍	*njɯmʔ
捻	*nɯːb
錜	*nɯːb
敜	*nɯːb
惗	nɯːb, sens
菍	nɯːb, nɯːd

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *rnɯːmʔ, *nɯːmʔ, *hnjɯmʔ) : semantic 氵 + phonetic 念 (OC *nɯːms).

Pronunciation 1 edit

Mandarin
(Pinyin): niǎn (nian³)

(Zhuyin): ㄋㄧㄢˇ
Cantonese (Jyutping): naam⁵

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: niǎn
  - Zhuyin: ㄋㄧㄢˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: niǎn
  - Wade–Giles: nien³
  - Yale: nyǎn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: nean
  - Palladius: нянь (njanʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ni̯ɛn²¹⁴/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: naam⁵
  - Yale: náahm
  - Cantonese Pinyin: naam⁵
  - Guangdong Romanization: nam⁵
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /naːm¹³/

Middle Chinese: nreamX

Rime
Character	淰
Reading #	3/3
Initial (聲)	娘 (12)
Final (韻)	咸 (151)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	II
Fanqie	女減切
Baxter	nreamX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɳˠɛm^X/
Pan Wuyun	/ɳᵚæm^X/
Shao Rongfen	/nɐm^X/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɳəɨm^X/
Li Rong	/nɐm^X/
Wang Li	/nɐm^X/
Bernard Karlgren	/năm^X/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	nǎn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	naam⁵

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*rnɯːmʔ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	淰
Reading #	1/3
No.	9488
Phonetic component	念
Rime group	侵
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	𦊔
Old Chinese	/*rnɯːmʔ/

Definitions edit

淰

Pronunciation 2 edit

Mandarin
(Pinyin): niǎn (nian³)

(Zhuyin): ㄋㄧㄢˇ
Cantonese (Jyutping): nim⁵

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: niǎn
  - Zhuyin: ㄋㄧㄢˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: niǎn
  - Wade–Giles: nien³
  - Yale: nyǎn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: nean
  - Palladius: нянь (njanʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ni̯ɛn²¹⁴/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: nim⁵
  - Yale: níhm
  - Cantonese Pinyin: nim⁵
  - Guangdong Romanization: nim⁵
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /niːm¹³/

Middle Chinese: nemX

Rime
Character	淰
Reading #	2/3
Initial (聲)	泥 (8)
Final (韻)	添 (157)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	IV
Fanqie	乃玷切
Baxter	nemX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/nem^X/
Pan Wuyun	/nem^X/
Shao Rongfen	/nɛm^X/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/nɛm^X/
Li Rong	/nem^X/
Wang Li	/niem^X/
Bernard Karlgren	/niem^X/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	niǎn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	nim⁵

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*nɯːmʔ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	淰
Reading #	2/3
No.	9491
Phonetic component	念
Rime group	侵
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	淰
Old Chinese	/*nɯːmʔ/

Definitions edit

淰

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Pronunciation 3 edit

Mandarin
(Pinyin): shěn (shen³)

(Zhuyin): ㄕㄣˇ
Cantonese (Jyutping): sam²

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: shěn
  - Zhuyin: ㄕㄣˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: shěn
  - Wade–Giles: shên³
  - Yale: shěn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: sheen
  - Palladius: шэнь (šɛnʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʂən²¹⁴/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: sam²
  - Yale: sám
  - Cantonese Pinyin: sam²
  - Guangdong Romanization: sem²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɐm³⁵/

Middle Chinese: syimX

Rime
Character	淰
Reading #	1/3
Initial (聲)	書 (26)
Final (韻)	侵 (139)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	式任切
Baxter	syimX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɕiɪm^X/
Pan Wuyun	/ɕim^X/
Shao Rongfen	/ɕjem^X/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɕim^X/
Li Rong	/ɕiəm^X/
Wang Li	/ɕĭĕm^X/
Bernard Karlgren	/ɕi̯əm^X/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	shěn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	sam²

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*hnjɯmʔ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	淰
Reading #	3/3
No.	9495
Phonetic component	念
Rime group	侵
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime
Old Chinese	/*hnjɯmʔ/
Notes	見禮記荏由任校改

Definitions edit

淰

(literary, of fish) to be scared away; to be scared off
- 何謂四靈？麟鳳龜龍，謂之四靈。故龍以為畜，故魚鮪不淰；鳳以為畜，故鳥不獝；麟以為畜，故獸不狘；龜以為畜，故人情不失。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
  何谓四灵？麟凤龟龙，谓之四灵。故龙以为畜，故鱼鲔不淰；凤以为畜，故鸟不獝；麟以为畜，故兽不狘；龟以为畜，故人情不失。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: The Book of Rites, c. 4^th – 2^nd century BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
  Héwèi sìlíng? Línfèngguīlóng, wèi zhī sìlíng. Gù lóng yǐwéi xù, gù yúwěi bùshěn; fèng yǐwéi xù, gù niǎo bùyù; lín yǐwéi xù, gù shòu bùxuè; guī yǐwéi xù, gù rénqíng bùshī. [Pinyin]
  What were the four numinous creatures? They were the lin, the feng, the tortoise, and the dragon. When the dragon becomes a domestic animal, (all other) fishes and the paddlefish do not dive underwater scared (from men). When the feng becomes so, the birds do not fly from them in terror. When the Qi-lin does so, the beasts do not scamper away. When the tortoise does so, the feelings of men take no erroneous course.

Compounds edit

淰淰 (shěnshěn)
淰躍／淰跃

Pronunciation 4 edit

Cantonese (Jyutping): nam⁶

Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: nam⁶
  - Yale: nahm
  - Cantonese Pinyin: nam⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: nem⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /nɐm²²/

Definitions edit

淰

(Cantonese) thoroughly soaked
(Cantonese, of sleep) sound; deep

Synonyms edit

Dialectal synonyms of 沉 (“deep; sound (sleep)”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		沉, 熟
Mandarin	Beijing	死, 實
Mandarin	Taiwan	沉, 熟
Cantonese	Guangzhou	淰
Cantonese	Hong Kong	淰
Hakka	Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua)	淰
Southern Min	Tainan	沉