Wiktionary

目

See also: 且, 自, 耳, 貝, 見, and 罒
目 U+76EE, 目
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-76EE
← 盭
[U+76ED] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 盯 →
[U+76EF]
⽬ U+2F6C, ⽬
KANGXI RADICAL EYE
← ⽫
[U+2F6B] 		Kangxi Radicals ⽭ →
[U+2F6D]

Translingual edit

Stroke order
 
Stroke order
 

Han character edit

See images of
Radical 109 目

目 (Kangxi radical 109, 目+0, 5 strokes, cangjie input 月山 (BU), four-corner 60101, composition ⿴囗𠄠)

  1. Kangxi radical #109, ⽬.

Derived characters edit

See also edit

References edit

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 798, character 25
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 23105
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1213, character 21
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2467, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+76EE

Chinese edit

simp. and trad.
 目
alternative forms 𥃦
𡇡
𥆤
⿵𦉪山

Glyph origin edit

Historical forms of the character 目
Shang Western Zhou Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Qin slip script Ancient script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
           
Characters in the same phonetic series (目) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
瞐 *mroːɡ
苜 *moːd, *muɡ
目 *muɡ

Pictogram (象形) – human eye, now rotated 90 degrees. Compare 臣 and the Egyptian hieroglyph 𓁹.

Etymology edit

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-mjak ~ s-mik. Cognate with Tibetan མིག (mig, “eye”), Burmese မျက် (myak, “eye, face”).

Pronunciation edit

Note:
  • mĕk/mĕ̤k - colloquial;
  • mŭk - literary.
Note:
  • ba̍k - colloquial (“eye; hole; joint; classifier for segments; classifier for pieces in Go”);
  • bo̍k - literary.
  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 目
Mandarin Beijing /mu⁵¹/
Harbin /mu⁵³/
Tianjin /mu⁵³/
Jinan /mu²¹/
Qingdao /mu⁴²/
Zhengzhou /mu²⁴/
Xi'an /mu²¹/
Xining /mv̩⁴⁴/
Yinchuan /mu¹³/
Lanzhou /mu¹³/
Ürümqi /mu²¹³/
Wuhan /mu³⁵/
/moŋ³⁵/
Chengdu /mu³¹/
Guiyang /mu²¹/
Kunming /mu³¹/
Nanjing /muʔ⁵/
Hefei /məʔ⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /məʔ²/
Pingyao /mʌʔ⁵³/
Hohhot /məʔ⁴³/ ～的
/mu⁵⁵/ 眼～
Wu Shanghai /moʔ¹/
Suzhou /moʔ³/
Hangzhou /moʔ²/
Wenzhou /mu²¹³/
Hui Shexian /mɔ²²/
Tunxi /mo¹¹/
Xiang Changsha /mo²⁴/
Xiangtan /mo²⁴/
Gan Nanchang /muʔ⁵/
Hakka Meixian /muk̚¹/
Taoyuan /muk̚²²/
Cantonese Guangzhou /mok̚²/
Nanning /muk̚²²/
Hong Kong /muk̚²/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /bɔk̚⁵/
/bak̚⁵/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /møyʔ⁵/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /mu⁴²/
Shantou (Teochew) /mak̚⁵/
Haikou (Hainanese) /mok̚³/
/mak̚³/
Rime
Character 目
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 明 (4)
Final (韻) 東 (4)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 莫六切
Baxter mjuwk
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/mɨuk̚/
Pan
Wuyun 		/miuk̚/
Shao
Rongfen 		/miuk̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/muwk̚/
Li
Rong 		/miuk̚/
Wang
Li 		/mĭuk̚/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/mi̯uk̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		mù
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		muk6
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 目
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		mù
Middle
Chinese 		‹ mjuwk ›
Old
Chinese 		/*C.m(r)[u]k/
English eye

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 目
Reading # 1/1
No. 9333
Phonetic
component 		目
Rime
group 		覺
Rime
subdivision 		1
Corresponding
MC rime 		目
Old
Chinese 		/*muɡ/
 
目

Definitions edit

目

  1. (literary or Min) eye (Classifier: 雙／双 mn-t)
    See also: 眼
    耳目  ―  ěrmù  ―  ears and eyes; spies
    目睭 [Hokkien]  ―  ba̍k-chiu [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]  ―  eye
  2. † eyesight
  3. † to look; to view; to see
  4. † to wink at
  5. † to judge; to comment on
  6. † opinion; viewpoint
  7. † to view as; to regard
  8. ⁜ item; entry
    賬目／账目  ―  zhàngmù  ―  entry
  9. † title; headline
  10. † section
  11. ⁜ list; catalogue; table of contents
    目錄／目录  ―  mùlù  ―  catalogue
  12. † name
  13. ⁜ target; goal
    目標／目标  ―  mùbiāo  ―  target
    目的  ―  mùdì  ―  target, goal
  14. † chief; head; leader
  15. (taxonomy) order
  16. (Classical) to call; to address (of people's names and titles)
    Synonym: 稱呼／称呼 (chēnghū)
  17. † (obsolete or Hokkien) hole; cavity; eyelet
  18. (Hokkien) joint; knot; lump
    柴目 [Hokkien]  ―  chhâ-ba̍k [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]  ―  lumps on wood
  19. (Hokkien) Classifier for segments, such as sugar cane.
  20. (Taiwanese Hokkien) Classifier for pieces in Go.

Synonyms edit

Dialectal synonyms of 眼睛 (“eye”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 目
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 眼睛, 眼
Mandarin Beijing 眼睛
Taiwan 眼睛
Tianjin 眼
Tangshan 眼睛
Cangzhou 眼睛, 眼
Baoding 眼
Shijiazhuang 眼睛
Ulanhot 眼睛
Tongliao 眼睛
Chifeng 眼睛, 眼珠子, 眼
Bayanhot 眼睛
Hulunbuir (Hailar) 眼睛
Harbin 眼睛
Shenyang 眼睛, 眼
Yantai (Muping) 眼
Qingdao 眼
Jinan 眼
Luoyang 眼
Wanrong 眼窩
Zhengzhou 眼
Kaifeng 眼
Xi'an 眼睛, 眼窩 suburbs
Yinchuan 眼睛
Lanzhou 眼, 眼睛
Xining 眼睛, 眼窩
Ürümqi 眼睛
Ürümqi (Xigou) 眼睛
Ürümqi (Changshanzi) 眼睛
Wuhan 眼睛
Chengdu 眼睛
Chongqing 眼睛
Guiyang 眼睛
Kunming 眼睛
Guilin 眼睛
Liuzhou 眼睛
Tianlin (Langping) 眼睛
Xuzhou 眼睛, 眼
Yangzhou 眼睛
Xinghua 眼睛
Nanjing 眼睛
Hefei 眼, 眼睛
Nantong 眼睛
Yanping 眼睛
Malaysia 眼睛
Singapore 眼睛
Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan) 眼睛
Masanchin (Shaanxi Dungan) 眼窩
Mae Salong (Lancang) 眼睛
Mae Sai (Tengchong) 眼睛
Olginsky (Mikhaylovka) 眼睛
Cantonese Guangzhou 眼
Hong Kong 眼
Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou) 眼
Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou) 眼
Hong Kong (Ting Kok) 眼
Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) 眼
Macau 眼
Guangzhou (Panyu) 眼
Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) 眼
Guangzhou (Conghua) 眼
Guangzhou (Zengcheng) 眼
Foshan 眼
Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) 眼
Foshan (Shunde) 眼
Foshan (Sanshui) 眼
Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) 眼
Zhongshan (Shiqi) 眼
Zhuhai (Qianshan) 眼
Zhuhai (Doumen, Shangheng Tanka) 眼
Zhuhai (Doumen) 眼
Jiangmen (Baisha) 眼
Jiangmen (Xinhui) 眼
Taishan 眼
Kaiping (Chikan) 眼
Enping (Niujiang) 眼
Heshan (Yayao) 眼
Dongguan 眼
Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) 眼
Qingyuan 眼
Fogang 眼
Yingde (Hanguang) 眼
Yangshan 眼
Lianshan (Butian) 眼睛
Lianzhou (Qingshui Sihui) 眼
Shaoguan 眼, 眼睛
Shaoguan (Qujiang) 眼
Renhua 眼
Lechang 眼
Zhaoqing (Gaoyao) 眼
Sihui 眼
Guangning 眼睛, 眼
Deqing 眼
Huaiji 眼
Fengkai (Nanfeng) 眼
Yunfu 眼
Xinxing 眼
Luoding 眼
Yunan (Pingtai) 眼, 眼睛
Yangjiang 眼
Xinyi 眼
Lianjiang 眼
Nanning 眼, 眼睛
Wuzhou 眼
Yulin 眼
Hepu (Lianzhou) 眼
Guiping 眼
Mengshan (Xihe) 眼
Guigang (Nanjiang) 眼睛
Beiliu (Tangliao) 眼
Baise 眼睛
Bobai 眼
Lingshan 眼
Pubei 眼
Qinzhou 眼
Beihai 眼, 眼睛
Beihai (Nankang) 眼
Beihai (Yingpan) 眼
Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô) 眼
Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà) 眼
Ningming 眼
Hengzhou 眼
Hezhou (Pumen) 眼
Fangchenggang (Fangcheng) 眼
Danzhou 眼
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 眼
Singapore (Guangfu) 眼
Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) 眼
Móng Cái 眼
Gan Nanchang 眼睛
Lichuan 眼睛
Pingxiang 眼珠
Jianning 眼睛
Taining 目珠
Hakka Meixian 眼珠, 目珠
Xingning 眼珠
Dabu (Xihe) 目珠
Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) 眼, 眼睛
Huizhou (Shuikou Bendihua) 眼, 眼睛
Huizhou (Hengli Bendihua) 眼, 眼睛
Huiyang 眼
Huidong (Pingshan Bendihua) 眼珠仔
Huidong (Daling) 眼珠
Dongguan (Qingxi) 眼珠
Longmen (Pingling Bendihua) 眼
Longmen (Luxi Bendihua) 眼
Boluo (Bendihua) 眼, 眼睛
Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) 眼睛
Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) 眼
Wuhua (Shuizhai) 眼珠
Wuhua (Huacheng) 眼珠, 目珠
Wuhua (Changbu) 眼珠
Wuhua (Mianyang) 眼, 目珠
Wuhua (Meilin) 眼珠
Heyuan (Bendihua) 眼, 眼睛
Zijin (Guzhu Bendihua) 眼
Longchuan (Tuocheng Bendihua) 眼
Longchuan (Sidu Bendihua) 眼
Heping (Linzhai Bendihua) 眼
Lianping (Longjie Bendihua) 眼
Wengyuan 眼珠
Shaoguan (Qujiang) 眼珠
Xinfeng (Matou Bendihua) 眼
Xinfeng (Daxi Bendihua) 眼睛
Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang) 眼
Liannan 眼珠
Conghua (Lütian) 眼珠
Jiexi 目珠
Luhe 目珠
Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan) 目珠
Pinghe (Jiufeng) 目珠
Changting 目珠
Shanghang 目珠
Yongding 目珠
Wuping 目珠
Wuping (Yanqian) 目珠
Wuping (Pingyu) 眼珠, 目珠
Liancheng 目珠
Ninghua 眼珠
Qingliu 眼珠
Yudu 眼睛
Ningdu 眼睛
Ruijin 眼珠
Shicheng 眼睛
Shangyou (Shexi) 眼珠
Tonggu (Sandu) 眼睛
Ganzhou (Panlong) 眼珠
Dayu 眼珠
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 目珠
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 目珠, 眼珠
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 目珠
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 目珠
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 目珠
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 目珠
Hong Kong 眼, 眼珠
Yangxi (Tangkou) 眼
Yangchun (Sanjia) 眼睛
Xinyi (Sihe) 眼
Xinyi (Qianpai) 眼
Gaozhou (Xindong) 眼
Maoming (Shalang, Dianbai) 眼
Huazhou (Xin'an) 眼
Lianjiang (Shijiao) 眼
Lianjiang (Qingping) 眼
Mengshan (Xihe) 眼睛
Luchuan 眼
Luchuan (Daqiao) 眼睛
Bobai (Shahe) 眼
Beiliu (Tang'an) 眼
Mashan (Pianlian) 眼睛
Sabah (Longchuan) 眼
Kuala Lumpur (Dabu) 目珠
Senai (Huiyang) 眼
Kuching (Hepo) 目珠
Sungai Tapang, Batu Kawa (Hepo) 目珠
Singkawang 目珠
Singapore (Meixian) 眼珠
Singapore (Dabu) 目珠
Huizhou Jixi 眼睛, 眼烏珠, 眼烏珠子
Shexian 眼, 眼睛
Tunxi 眼睛
Xiuning 眼睛
Yixian 眼睛
Qimen 眼睛
Wuyuan 眼睛
Fuliang 眼珠兒
Dexing 眼珠
Jin Taiyuan 眼睛, 眼
Pingyao 眼, 眼睛
Xinzhou 眼
Taibus (Baochang) 眼睛
Linhe 眼窩, 眼, 眼睛
Jining 眼窩, 眼
Hohhot 眼窩
Baotou 眼窩
Dongsheng 眼窩
Haibowan 眼窩
Zhangjiakou 眼, 眼睛
Handan 眼睛
Northern Min Jian'ou 目睭
Jian'ou (Dikou) 目睭
Songxi 目睭
Zhenghe 目睭
Zhenghe (Zhenqian) 目睭
Jianyang 目睭
Wuyishan 目睭
Pucheng (Shibei) 目睭
Eastern Min Fuzhou 目睭, 目
Changle 目睭
Lianjiang 目睭
Fuqing 目睭
Pingtan 目睭
Yongtai 目睭
Minqing 目睭
Gutian 目睭
Pingnan 目睭
Luoyuan 目睭
Fu'an 目睭
Ningde 目睭
Xiapu 目睭
Zherong 目睭
Shouning 目睭
Zhouning 目睭
Fuding 目睭
Matsu 目睭
Southern Min Xiamen 目睭, 目
Xiamen (Tong'an) 目睭
Quanzhou 目睭, 目
Jinjiang 目睭
Nan'an 目睭
Shishi 目睭
Hui'an 目睭
Anxi 目睭
Yongchun 目睭
Dehua 目睭
Zhangzhou 目睭, 目
Zhangzhou (Longhai) 目睭
Zhangzhou (Changtai) 目睭
Hua'an 目睭
Nanjing 目睭
Pinghe 目睭
Zhangpu 目睭
Yunxiao 目睭
Zhao'an 目睭
Dongshan 目睭
Taipei 目睭, 目睭仁
New Taipei (Sanxia) 目睭, 目睭仁
Kaohsiung 目睭, 目睭仁
Yilan 目睭, 目睭仁
Changhua (Lukang) 目睭, 目睭仁
Taichung 目睭
Taichung (Wuqi) 目睭
Tainan 目睭, 目睭仁
Taitung 目睭
Hsinchu 目睭
Kinmen 目睭
Penghu (Magong) 目睭
Penang (Hokkien) 目睭, 目
Singapore (Hokkien) 目睭
Manila (Hokkien) 目睭
Longyan 目睭
Zhangping 目睭
Zhangping (Yongfu) 目睭
Datian 目珠
Pingnan (Shangdu) 目睭
Chaozhou 目
Shantou 目
Shantou (Chenghai) 目
Jieyang 目
Lufeng 目
Haifeng 目, 目睭
Bangkok (Teochew) 目
Ho Chi Minh City (Teochew) 目
Johor Bahru (Teochew) 目
Singapore (Teochew) 目
Pontianak (Teochew) 目
Leizhou 目
Wenchang 目
Haikou 目
Singapore (Hainanese) 目
Puxian Min Putian 目睭
Putian (Donghai) 目睭
Xianyou 目睭
Central Min Yong'an 目珠
Sanyuan 目珠
Shaxian 目睭
Shaojiang Min Shaowu 目珠
Guangze 目珠
Jiangle 目珠
Mingxi 目珠
Shunchang 目珠
Zhongshan Min Shaxi (Longdu) 目睭
Sanxiang 目睭
Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 眼睛
Northern Pinghua Guilin (Dahe) 眼睛
Shehua Guixi (Zhangping) 眼
Jingning 眼
Waxiang Guzhang (Gaofeng) 眼珠
Wu Shanghai 眼睛
Shanghai (Chongming) 眼睛, 眼烏珠
Suzhou 眼睛, 眼烏珠
Danyang 眼睛
Hangzhou 眼睛
Ningbo 眼睛
Wenzhou 眼烏珠, 眼靈珠, 眼兒珠
Jinhua 眼睛
Pucheng 目珠
Xiang Changsha 眼睛
Loudi 眼珠
Shuangfeng 眼珠
Quanzhou 眼睛

Compounds edit

Descendants edit

Sino-Xenic (目):
  • → Japanese: 目(もく) (moku)
  • → Korean: 목(目) (mok)
  • → Vietnamese: mục (目)

See also edit

References edit

Japanese edit

Kanji edit

目

(grade 1 “Kyōiku” kanji)

Readings edit

Etymology 1 edit

Kanji in this term
目
め
Grade: 1
kun’yomi
For pronunciation and definitions of 目 – see the following entry.
【め】H
[noun] [from 712] 目, 眼: eye
[noun] [from 720] 目: visually prominent feature of something:
[noun] [from 720] 目: small hole, like those inherent to a net-like material (between the warp and the weft)
[noun] [from 759] 目: short for 賽の目 (sai no me, “dice pip”).
[noun] [from late 900s] 目: (by extension) experience
[suffix] [from early 1400s] 目: -st, -nd, -rd, or -th, for ordinal numbers (e.g. 8th or eighth, 9th or ninth)
[suffix] [from late 1800s] 目: visually prominent feature of something
Alternative spelling
眼
(This term, 目, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

Etymology 2 edit

Kanji in this term
目
ま
Grade: 1
kun’yomi
For pronunciation and definitions of 目 – see the following entry.
【ま】H
[noun] 目, 眼: prefixal bound form of め (me, “eye”)
Alternative spelling
眼
(This term, 目, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)


Etymology 3 edit

Kanji in this term
目
もく
Grade: 1
goon

From Middle Chinese 目 (MC mjuwk). The 呉音 (goon, literally “Wu sound”) reading, so likely the initial Middle Chinese borrowing.

Compare modern Cantonese 目 (muk6) and Wu 目 (moq).

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

目(もく) • (moku) 

  1. (taxonomy) an order in biology: smaller than a class, bigger than a family
  2. a playing piece in a board game, such as a stone in the game of go
  3. a point in the game of go
Coordinate terms edit
Derived terms edit
Derived terms

Etymology 4 edit

Kanji in this term
目
ぼく
Grade: 1
kan’on

From Middle Chinese 目 (MC mjuwk). The 漢音 (kan'on, literally “Han sound”) reading, so likely a later borrowing.

Compare modern Min Nan 目 (bo̍k).

Pronunciation edit

Affix edit

目(ぼく) • (boku) 

  1. eye
  2. look, appearance
Derived terms edit
Derived terms

References edit

  1. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean edit

Etymology edit

From Middle Chinese 目 (MC mjuwk).

Historical Readings
Dongguk Jeongun Reading
Dongguk Jeongun, 1448 목〮 (Yale: mwók)
Middle Korean
Text Eumhun
Gloss (hun) Reading
Hunmong Jahoe, 1527[2] 눈〮 (Yale: nwún) 목〮 (Yale: mwók)

Pronunciation edit

Hanja edit

Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource

目 (eumhun 눈 목 (nun mok))

  1. Hanja form? of 목 (“eye”). [affix]
  2. Hanja form? of 목 (“(taxonomy) class”). [noun]

Compounds edit

Compounds

References edit

  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [3]

Miyako edit

Kanji edit

目

(grade 1 “Kyōiku” kanji)

Readings edit

Etymology edit

Cognate with mainland Japanese 目(め) (me, “eye”).

Noun edit

目(みー) (mī) 

  1. eye
  2. sight

Northern Amami-Oshima edit

Kanji edit

目

(grade 1 “Kyōiku” kanji)

Readings edit

Etymology edit

Cognate with mainland Japanese 目(め) (me, “eye”).

Noun edit

目(むぃー) (mïï) 

  1. eye
  2. sight

Okinawan edit

Kanji edit

目

(grade 1 “Kyōiku” kanji)

Readings edit

Etymology edit

Cognate with mainland Japanese 目(め) (me, “eye”).

Noun edit

目(みー) (mī) 

  1. eye
  2. sight

Derived terms edit

Derived terms

Southern Amami-Oshima edit

Kanji edit

目

(grade 1 “Kyōiku” kanji)

Readings edit

Etymology edit

Cognate with mainland Japanese 目(め) (me, “eye”).

Noun edit

目(むぃー) (mïï) 

  1. eye
  2. sight

Derived terms edit

Derived terms

Toku-No-Shima edit

Kanji edit

目

(grade 1 “Kyōiku” kanji)

Readings edit

Etymology edit

Cognate with mainland Japanese 目(め) (me, “eye”).

Noun edit

目(むぃー) (mwī) 

  1. eye
  2. sight

Vietnamese edit

Alternative forms edit

Han character edit

目: Hán Việt readings: mục (莫(mạc)六(lục)切(thiết))[2][3][1][4]
目: Nôm readings: mục[2][1][4][5], mụt[6][1]

  1. chữ Hán form of mục (“item”).

Compounds edit

Derived terms

References edit

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Bonet (1899).
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Nguyễn et al. (2009).
  3. ^ Trần (2004).
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Génibrel (1898).
  5. ^ Taberd & Pigneau de Béhaine (1838).
  6. ^ Hồ (1976).
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