| No. |
Gloss |
Proto-Mazatec
|
| 1 |
limps |
*caʔú
|
| 2 |
stutters |
*ca³kha̻¹ʔá³
|
| 3 |
runs |
*ca³nká³, *thu³khá⁴²
|
| 4 |
fears |
*ca³nkhú̻¹, *cu³nkhú̻¹
|
| 5 |
goes out (fire) |
*ca³ʔú³
|
| 6 |
if |
*cá³²
|
| 7 |
fast |
*cá⁴
|
| 8 |
girl |
*ca⁴khí̻¹
|
| 9 |
cotton |
*ca⁴nká⁴
|
| 10 |
lazy |
*ce²ʔé²
|
| 11 |
big |
*cé³
|
| 12 |
full |
*cé³
|
| 13 |
lights (a fire) |
*cé³
|
| 14 |
new |
*-cé⁴
|
| 15 |
coyote |
*ce⁴hé̻²
|
| 16 |
his |
*ce⁴ʔé⁴
|
| 17 |
coati |
*chá¹
|
| 18 |
pretty (animals, books) |
*chau³kú̻³
|
| 19 |
pretty (persons) |
*chau³thí̻¹
|
| 20 |
clean |
*ché⁴³
|
| 21 |
moss |
*chi̻á̻¹
|
| 22 |
tobacco |
*chi̻ú̻⁴
|
| 23 |
toasted |
*chú²
|
| 24 |
kicks |
*chú̻²
|
| 25 |
gives |
*chuá³
|
| 26 |
do |
*-ci¹ʔi¹-
|
| 27 |
lends |
*ci¹ʔi¹ke³yá³
|
| 28 |
paints |
*ci¹ʔi¹ki³ʔí²
|
| 29 |
rests |
*ci¹ʔi¹kha¹yá³
|
| 30 |
plays (an instrument) |
*ci¹ʔi¹kha³né̻³
|
| 31 |
purges |
*ci¹ʔi¹kha³ʔá³
|
| 32 |
constructs, makes |
*ci¹ʔi¹nts³há², *we¹ʔe¹nts³há²
|
| 33 |
pats (corn cakes) |
*ci¹ʔi¹té⁴³
|
| 34 |
uncle |
*ci³ní̻³¹
|
| 35 |
shrimp |
*ci³ñá̻¹
|
| 36 |
crooked |
*ci³tí̻³
|
| 37 |
everything |
*ci³ʔí³
|
| 38 |
nausea |
*ci³ʔí³
|
| 39 |
yours (sg.) |
*ci⁴
|
| 40 |
penis |
*ci̻¹ʔá̻²
|
| 41 |
non-existant |
*cí̻²
|
| 42 |
born |
*cí̻⁴³
|
| 43 |
plays with |
*cuta̻hú̻
|
| 44 |
curassow |
*cu¹ʔé¹
|
| 45 |
blouse |
*cu¹ʔú¹
|
| 46 |
walk |
*cu¹ʔwá³
|
| 47 |
says |
*cú²
|
| 48 |
pretty (music, sound) |
*-cú²
|
| 49 |
girl |
*cu²tí³
|
| 50 |
raft, boat |
*-cú³
|
| 51 |
sand |
*cu³mí̻¹
|
| 52 |
sun |
*cu³ʔwí¹
|
| 53 |
hugs |
*cu⁴wa³khá¹
|
| 54 |
ashes |
*čahú
|
| 55 |
person prefix (singular male) |
*cǎ¹-
|
| 56 |
squirrel |
*ča¹hnú̻⁴
|
| 57 |
onossum |
*ča¹sé̻³
|
| 58 |
squirrel |
*ča¹tu⁴ʔyá¹
|
| 59 |
load |
*ča¹ʔá¹
|
| 60 |
parent-in-law |
*ča¹ʔá¹
|
| 61 |
brown |
*čá̻³
|
| 62 |
holy |
*ča³kú̻³, *či³kú̻³
|
| 63 |
breaks, broken |
*ča³khá̻³, *či³khá̻³, *wa³khá̻¹
|
| 64 |
forgets |
*ča³yaá³
|
| 65 |
bad, wicked |
*ča³ʔú³
|
| 66 |
cramp |
*ča⁴há̻¹
|
| 67 |
liver |
*ča⁴hnká⁴, *či⁴hnká⁴
|
| 68 |
firewood |
*ča⁴kí̻¹, *či⁴kí̻⁴
|
| 69 |
armadillo |
*ča⁴ʔá²
|
| 70 |
thunder-lightning |
*ča⁴ʔú̻⁴
|
| 71 |
earthquake |
*ča̻ú̻¹
|
| 72 |
trap |
*čę́
|
| 73 |
brother of spouse |
*čhá⁴
|
| 74 |
cooks |
*čhá̻²
|
| 75 |
egg |
*čhaú⁴¹
|
| 76 |
expensive |
*čhí¹
|
| 77 |
pays |
*čhí¹
|
| 78 |
ripens |
*čhí²
|
| 79 |
chirimoya |
*čhí³
|
| 80 |
iguana |
*čhi³nkí³
|
| 81 |
sews, embroideries |
*čhi⁴né̻⁴
|
| 82 |
zapote |
*čhi⁴nté¹
|
| 83 |
cherry |
*čhi⁴ʔyá⁴
|
| 84 |
take it |
*čhu³weí¹
|
| 85 |
grasshopper, locust |
*čhu⁴wá⁴, *čha⁴wá⁴
|
| 86 |
woman, wife |
*čhú̻⁴¹
|
| 87 |
closes |
*čhuá²
|
| 88 |
parrot |
*či¹kí⁴
|
| 89 |
breast |
*či³kí³
|
| 90 |
fly (n) |
*či³sé̻³
|
| 91 |
uvula |
*či³tá̻³
|
| 92 |
hunchback |
*či³thú³
|
| 93 |
fever |
*či³ʔí̻³
|
| 94 |
cold (sickness) |
*či³ʔi̻³scé¹
|
| 95 |
unmatured |
*či³ʔnté¹, *čhi³ʔnté¹
|
| 96 |
glass |
*ču⁴cí̻¹
|
| 97 |
arrow |
*či⁴hnú̻⁴
|
| 98 |
dream |
*či⁴ní̻³
|
| 99 |
shirt |
*či⁴nká³
|
| 100 |
pig |
*či⁴nká⁴
|
| 101 |
drunk, intoxicated |
*či⁴ʔí⁴
|
| 102 |
wait (imper. pl.) |
*ču¹yá³
|
| 103 |
parrot |
*ču¹ʔá¹
|
| 104 |
chayote |
*ču¹ʔmí̻¹
|
| 105 |
arrives at, reaches |
*ču³
|
| 106 |
bat |
*ču³tʸha³wa³hnká³
|
| 107 |
animal |
*čú⁴
|
| 108 |
weevil |
*ču⁴ki³šú³
|
| 109 |
centipede |
*ču⁴ne̻¹hé⁴
|
| 110 |
porcupine |
*ču⁴ni̻³ñú̻³
|
| 111 |
hot season |
*ču⁴nta³wá¹, *ču⁴ntu³wá¹, *ča⁴-
|
| 112 |
worm |
*ču⁴ntú³¹
|
| 113 |
cockroach |
*ču⁴té³¹
|
| 114 |
measure, mark |
*ču⁴wá⁴
|
| 115 |
servant |
*ču⁴ʔntá³
|
| 116 |
bedbug |
*ču⁴ʔú¹
|
| 117 |
bud |
*ču⁴ʔú⁴
|
| 118 |
time, place |
*čú̻
|
| 119 |
appearance, similarity |
*čú̻³¹
|
| 120 |
name |
*haʔi̻̇́
|
| 121 |
person prefix (plural male referent, male speaker) |
*ha¹-
|
| 122 |
arrives |
*ha³ʔí
|
| 123 |
worm (intestinal) |
*há⁴
|
| 124 |
face |
*ha⁴nkha̻í̻
|
| 125 |
around |
*ha⁴ntaí³
|
| 126 |
afterwards |
*ha⁴ská̻³
|
| 127 |
there |
*há̻¹
|
| 128 |
two |
*haú²
|
| 129 |
long |
*hé
|
| 130 |
he, this |
*hé
|
| 131 |
finished |
*he³hé³
|
| 132 |
downward |
*hé̻³
|
| 133 |
you (sg.) |
*hí³
|
| 134 |
among |
*-hí̻⁴³
|
| 135 |
black |
*hmá̻²
|
| 136 |
thing |
*hmí̻²
|
| 137 |
sky |
*hmí̻³
|
| 138 |
person prefix (plural) |
*hmi̻⁴-
|
| 139 |
light (in weight) |
*hná̻
|
| 140 |
falls (v.) |
*hné̻
|
| 141 |
smells |
*hné̻⁴
|
| 142 |
blood |
*hní̻¹
|
| 143 |
wing |
*hnká⁴
|
| 144 |
day after tomorrow |
*hnkí³
|
| 145 |
moment |
*hnku³thú²
|
| 146 |
one |
*hnkú³¹
|
| 147 |
we (incl.) sing. |
*hntá
|
| 148 |
dirty |
*hntí¹
|
| 149 |
salty |
*hntʸá³
|
| 150 |
too long |
*hntʸú³
|
| 151 |
smooth |
*hnú̻
|
| 152 |
laugh |
*hnú̻²
|
| 153 |
owl |
*hnú̻¹
|
| 154 |
cornfield |
*hnú̜
|
| 155 |
woods, wild place |
*-hñá̻¹
|
| 156 |
sits, is |
*-hñá̻³
|
| 157 |
chile pepper |
*hñá̻⁴
|
| 158 |
dark |
*hñú̻²
|
| 159 |
on the surface |
*hú̻³
|
| 160 |
sounds, resounds |
*hwa³né̻³
|
| 161 |
sighs |
*hwa³ʔa¹cé³
|
| 162 |
chooses |
*hwa³ʔa¹hí̻⁴³
|
| 163 |
passes by |
*hwa³ʔa³
|
| 164 |
clear, clean |
*-hwá³¹
|
| 165 |
lonesome |
*hwaú¹
|
| 166 |
sleeps |
*hwé²
|
| 167 |
use up |
*hwé²
|
| 168 |
slowly |
*-hwí²
|
| 169 |
goes |
*hwí²
|
| 170 |
willing |
*hyú³
|
| 171 |
neck |
*ka¹sí̻³
|
| 172 |
completive aspect |
*ka²-
|
| 173 |
curassow |
*ka³hwá³
|
| 174 |
alone |
*ka̻²ʔá̻²
|
| 175 |
twenty |
*ká̻⁴³
|
| 176 |
unwilling |
*kaí³
|
| 177 |
and |
*kaú⁴-
|
| 178 |
dead |
*ke³ʔé̻³
|
| 179 |
skunk |
*khá¹
|
| 180 |
across |
*khá¹
|
| 181 |
carries, fetches |
*kha³ʔá¹
|
| 182 |
roots |
*kha⁴má̻⁴, *ha⁴má̻⁴
|
| 183 |
gourd |
*kha⁴ntú⁴, *ku⁴ntú⁴, *ha⁴ntú⁴
|
| 184 |
step (n) |
*kha⁴ntʸhaú¹, *ha⁴nthaú¹
|
| 185 |
different |
*kha⁴ʔí²¹
|
| 186 |
daughter-in-law |
*kha⁴ʔntá³, *ha⁴ʔntá³
|
| 187 |
fights |
*khá̻¹
|
| 188 |
very |
*khai¹nká³
|
| 189 |
together, with |
*khaú³
|
| 190 |
not yet |
*khé³
|
| 191 |
spins (thread) |
*khé̻
|
| 192 |
retches, cramps, pulls |
*khé̻³
|
| 193 |
breathes |
*khe̻³stá³, *khe̻³ntá³
|
| 194 |
smokes (tobacco) |
*khé̻⁴³
|
| 195 |
when |
*khi¹ʔá¹
|
| 196 |
completive aspect |
*khi³-
|
| 197 |
cries |
*khi³ʔntá¹
|
| 198 |
famine |
*khi³ntʸá¹
|
| 199 |
appearance of |
*khi³ʔí³
|
| 200 |
barks |
*khi³ʔñú̻³
|
| 201 |
lame |
*khi⁴ʔnká³, *či⁴ʔnké¹
|
| 202 |
far |
*khí̻³¹
|
| 203 |
sews |
*khu³yá³
|
| 204 |
ticklish |
*ki¹cí⁴
|
| 205 |
right (adj) |
*ki²ší⁴
|
| 206 |
completive aspect |
*ki³-
|
| 207 |
everywhere |
*ki³hntá²
|
| 208 |
metal |
*ki⁴čá⁴
|
| 209 |
charcoal |
*ki⁴šú̜⁴
|
| 210 |
toad |
*ku¹tú
|
| 211 |
monkey |
*ku³ní̻⁴³
|
| 212 |
truncated, limb (of person) cut off |
*ku³tú³
|
| 213 |
guards |
*ku³ʔntá³
|
| 214 |
alive, awake |
*kú̻³
|
| 215 |
look |
*kʷe⁴ní̻³
|
| 216 |
abstract thing |
*kʷhá⁴
|
| 217 |
happiness |
*kʷha⁴chuá³, *kʷha⁴chaú³
|
| 218 |
puts on |
*kʷa⁴há⁴, *nkʷa⁴há⁴
|
| 219 |
truth |
*kʷha⁴ki²ší⁴
|
| 220 |
war |
*kʷha⁴sčá̻¹
|
| 221 |
law, order, ruler |
*kʷha⁴te¹šu³má̻³
|
| 222 |
gift |
*kʷha⁴thaú²
|
| 223 |
finish off |
*kʷhé
|
| 224 |
1p. will go |
*kʷhí³
|
| 225 |
this, he |
*kʷí³
|
| 226 |
this |
*kʷi³šu³ʔwí⁴
|
| 227 |
do, able, make |
*má̻³
|
| 228 |
no |
*ma̻³ha̻í̜²
|
| 229 |
needs, uses |
*ma̻³čhé̻¹
|
| 230 |
fine, tax |
*ma̻³čhi¹nthaí²
|
| 231 |
edible |
*ma̻³či³né̻³
|
| 232 |
visible |
*ma̻³nce³hé̻⁴³, *ma̻³ce³hé̻⁴³
|
| 233 |
accustomed to |
*ma̻³nká³
|
| 234 |
understand |
*ma̻³nkha̻í̻¹
|
| 235 |
fulfill |
*ma̻³ntu⁴hú¹
|
| 236 |
gathered together |
*ma̻³ña̻⁴há³
|
| 237 |
half |
*ma̻³sé̻³, *wa³sé̻³
|
| 238 |
clears land |
*ma̻ú̻²
|
| 239 |
wants |
*me̻³hé̻²
|
| 240 |
upgrade, slone up |
*mi̻³hí̻²
|
| 241 |
nominal |
*na̻³-
|
| 242 |
corn nob |
*na̻³hñá¹. *ni̻³hñá̻¹
|
| 243 |
cloth, clothes |
*na̻³hñú̻³. *ni̜³hñú̻
|
| 244 |
land, country |
*na̻³nkí³
|
| 245 |
low |
*na̻³nkí³
|
| 246 |
dog |
*na̻³ñá̻¹
|
| 247 |
net (square) |
*na̻³šá¹
|
| 248 |
flower |
*na̻³šú¹
|
| 249 |
louse |
*na̻³tí¹
|
| 250 |
scorpion |
*na̜³ya¹, *ntu³ya¹
|
| 251 |
father |
*na̻³ʔí̻²
|
| 252 |
vine |
*na̻³ʔñú̻¹, *ni̜³ʔñú̻¹
|
| 253 |
mother |
*ná̜⁴
|
| 254 |
rabbit |
*na̻⁴ce¹, *ni̻⁴ce¹
|
| 255 |
coffee-fly |
*na̜⁴cé⁴
|
| 256 |
grind stone (metate) |
*na̻⁴cí¹
|
| 257 |
cactus (maguey) |
*na̻⁴cú⁴
|
| 258 |
godmother |
*na̻⁴ča³kú̻³, *na⁴či³kú̻³
|
| 259 |
bed, offering table |
*na̻⁴ča̻³
|
| 260 |
banana |
*na̻⁴čhá⁴
|
| 261 |
thread |
*na̻⁴čhú̻¹
|
| 262 |
mother-in-law |
*na̻⁴či¹ʔyá³
|
| 263 |
squash |
*na̻⁴čú⁴
|
| 264 |
tongue |
*na̻⁴he̜í̻⁴, *ni̜⁴he̜í̜⁴
|
| 265 |
finger |
*na̻⁴hna̻¹na̜cá⁴
|
| 266 |
violin |
*na̜⁴hní̜¹, *ni̜⁴hní̜¹
|
| 267 |
tobacco |
*na̜⁴hnú̻⁴
|
| 268 |
turkey (female) |
*na̜⁴hñú̻⁴, *ni̻⁴hñú̜⁴
|
| 269 |
deep |
*na̻⁴nká⁴
|
| 270 |
water |
*na̻⁴ntá¹
|
| 271 |
cactus (nopal) |
*na̻⁴ntá⁴
|
| 272 |
duck |
*na̜⁴nú̜¹
|
| 273 |
grandmother |
*na̻⁴sčá¹
|
| 274 |
salt |
*na̻⁴šá⁴
|
| 275 |
cliff, mountain |
*na̻⁴ší⁴
|
| 276 |
town |
*na̻⁴ši⁴na̻³ntá¹
|
| 277 |
deer |
*na̻⁴ší̻¹
|
| 278 |
throat |
*na̻⁴šú⁴
|
| 279 |
spindle |
*na̻⁴thí⁴, *ni̻⁴thí⁴
|
| 280 |
corn flower |
*na̜⁴tí̜¹, *ni̜⁴tí̜¹
|
| 281 |
coconut |
*na̻⁴tʸú¹, *ni̜⁴tʸú¹
|
| 282 |
father |
*na̻⁴ʔmí̜³
|
| 283 |
devil |
*na̻í̻⁴¹
|
| 284 |
foot |
*nca⁴kú⁴, *ncu⁴kú⁴, *cu⁴kú⁴
|
| 285 |
intestine |
*nce³ʔé³, *ce³ʔé³
|
| 286 |
brother |
*nce⁴ʔé⁴
|
| 287 |
hand |
*nchá³, *ncá⁴
|
| 288 |
hair |
*nchá⁴
|
| 289 |
huaje |
*nché⁴
|
| 290 |
honey |
*nché̜¹
|
| 291 |
onion |
*nchú⁴
|
| 292 |
narrow |
*ncí
|
| 293 |
hummingbird |
*ncí̜⁴
|
| 294 |
mouth |
*ncu³ʔwá³, *cu³ʔwá³
|
| 295 |
foot (your sg.) |
*ncu⁴kuí³, *cu⁴kuí³
|
| 296 |
swamp |
*nčá³
|
| 297 |
corn drink (stole) |
*nča³há¹
|
| 298 |
dust |
*nča³hú³, *ča³hú³
|
| 299 |
tomorrow |
*nča³hú̻², *nču³hú̻²
|
| 300 |
broom |
*nča⁴hú⁴
|
| 301 |
secretly, thief |
*nče³hé̻¹, *ce³hé¹
|
| 302 |
cooked corn |
*nčé⁴¹
|
| 303 |
talks |
*nčhá⁴
|
| 304 |
complain |
*nčha⁴tí⁴³
|
| 305 |
women, wives |
*nčhí̜¹
|
| 306 |
rich |
*nči⁴ná̻¹
|
| 307 |
aunt |
*nču³kʷhá̻³
|
| 308 |
corn on the cob |
*nču⁴tí̻⁴
|
| 309 |
bite |
*né̻³
|
| 310 |
braids |
*ni̻⁴hé⁴
|
| 311 |
thing |
*-ni̻³
|
| 312 |
nominal |
*ni̜³-
|
| 313 |
euries |
*ni̜³hí̜², *ña̜³hí̜²
|
| 314 |
sleepy |
*ni̜³hñá̜¹, *na̜³hñá̜¹
|
| 315 |
mat |
*ni̜³hñá̻³
|
| 316 |
spinal column |
*ni̜³nta³yá¹
|
| 317 |
bone |
*ni̜³nta³¹
|
| 318 |
clay griddle |
*ni̜³thá³
|
| 319 |
slippery |
*ni̜³ntú²
|
| 320 |
hill |
*ni̜³ntú³
|
| 321 |
needle, spine |
*ni̜³ntú³¹
|
| 322 |
star |
*ni̜³ñú̻³
|
| 323 |
morning-star |
*ni̜³ñú̜³ce³
|
| 324 |
water jug |
*ni̜³sá³
|
| 325 |
mouse |
*ni̜³sé̻³
|
| 326 |
gourd |
*ni̜³sú³¹
|
| 327 |
land |
*ni̜³ʔnté³
|
| 328 |
pen |
*ni̜³ʔñá̜³
|
| 329 |
corn (dry ear) |
*ni̜⁴hí̻⁴
|
| 330 |
fox |
*ni̜⁴ntá⁴
|
| 331 |
pimple |
*ni̜⁴ntú³
|
| 332 |
corn cake |
*ni̜⁴ñú̜⁴
|
| 333 |
bird |
*ni̜⁴sé³
|
| 334 |
basket |
*ni̜⁴sí̻⁴
|
| 335 |
rib |
*ni̻⁴sí̻⁴
|
| 336 |
night |
*ni̜⁴šthé̻⁴
|
| 337 |
day |
*ni̜⁴štʸhí̜
|
| 338 |
smoke |
*ni̜⁴ʔntí⁴
|
| 339 |
teeth |
*ni̜⁴ʔñú̜⁴, *na̜⁴ʔñú̜, *nte⁴ʔñá̜⁴
|
| 340 |
subordinating conjunction |
*nka³-
|
| 341 |
leg |
*nka³sú³
|
| 342 |
cave |
*nka⁴haú⁴, *nki⁴haú⁴
|
| 343 |
stomach |
*nka⁴ncu⁴ʔá⁴, *ka⁴ncu⁴ʔá⁴
|
| 344 |
many |
*nkhí̻²
|
| 345 |
neck |
*nki¹sí̻³, *ya¹sí̻³
|
| 346 |
went |
*nki³hí², *ki³hí²
|
| 347 |
afternoon |
*nki³šú̻²
|
| 348 |
under |
*nki³ʔnté³, *ki³ʔnté³
|
| 349 |
chin, jaw |
*nki³ʔwá³
|
| 350 |
yesterday |
*nku²ʔhñá̻
|
| 351 |
day before yesterday |
*nku²skiá⁴, *nku²čá⁴
|
| 352 |
door |
*nkʷha⁴nthuá⁴
|
| 353 |
saliva |
*nta¹na̜³tʸá¹, *nta¹na̻³té¹
|
| 354 |
sweat |
*nta¹ntu³wá¹
|
| 355 |
urine |
*nta¹ntu⁴wá⁴
|
| 356 |
river |
*nta¹šhé⁴
|
| 357 |
saliva |
*nta¹ʔá³
|
| 358 |
good |
*nta³há²
|
| 359 |
sunshine |
*nta³wá¹, *ntu³wá¹
|
| 360 |
waist |
*nta³yá³, *nti³yá³
|
| 361 |
thorn |
*nta³ʔyá¹
|
| 362 |
person prefix (singular male, male speaker) |
*nta⁴-
|
| 363 |
sugar cane |
*nta⁴haí³
|
| 364 |
nest |
*nta⁴wá⁴, *ntu⁴wá⁴
|
| 365 |
funeral |
*nta⁴wa⁴ša⁴ʔyá⁴, *ntu⁴wa⁴ša⁴ʔyá⁴
|
| 366 |
net bag, hammock |
*nta⁴ʔyá³
|
| 367 |
dough |
*nta⁴ʔú⁴
|
| 368 |
over the edge of |
*nthaí²
|
| 369 |
wind |
*nthaú⁴
|
| 370 |
owl (small variety) |
*ntekhá, *tekhá
|
| 371 |
rainbow |
*nteʔyá⁴
|
| 372 |
gentle, tame |
*nte¹ʔé¹
|
| 373 |
steam, fever |
*nte¹ʔí⁴
|
| 374 |
tail |
*nte³ci³ʔí̻³
|
| 375 |
ashes |
*nte³sú³
|
| 376 |
market |
*nte⁴cí̻⁴
|
| 377 |
outside |
*nte⁴cí̻⁴
|
| 378 |
deer |
*nte⁴hé⁴
|
| 379 |
nose |
*nte⁴thú̻⁴
|
| 380 |
herb |
*nte⁴yá⁴, *nte⁴ya⁴skú³
|
| 381 |
purslane |
*nte⁴ya⁴čí⁴
|
| 382 |
saltwort |
*nte⁴yá⁴hu̜¹
|
| 383 |
herb-greens |
*nte⁴ʔé²
|
| 384 |
buttocks, bottom |
*nte⁴ʔé⁴
|
| 385 |
seed |
*nthé⁴
|
| 386 |
buzzard |
*nti¹kié¹
|
| 387 |
sister |
*nti³čhá³
|
| 388 |
midday |
*nti³sé̻³, *nči³sé̻³
|
| 389 |
house |
*nti³ʔyá³
|
| 390 |
town hall |
*nti³ʔyá³ma̻³se̻³, *nti³ʔyá³wa³se̜³
|
| 391 |
gopher |
*nti³ʔyú³
|
| 392 |
road |
*nti⁴yá¹
|
| 393 |
road (main) |
*nti⁴ya¹té¹
|
| 394 |
ant |
*nti⁴ʔyú³
|
| 395 |
sweet potato |
*ntu¹scé¹, *nta¹scé¹
|
|
cassava |
*ntu¹yá¹, *nta¹yá¹
|
| 397 |
long |
*ntu³hú²
|
| 398 |
sad |
*ntu³sí³
|
| 399 |
hear (2p. sg.) |
*ntu³ʔyeí¹, *nta³ʔyeí¹
|
| 400 |
soap |
*ntu⁴hú⁴
|
| 401 |
jail |
*ntu⁴wa⁴yá¹, *nta⁴wa⁴yá¹
|
| 402 |
steam bath |
*ntu⁴yá³
|
| 403 |
boss |
*ntʸá⁴
|
| 404 |
crow |
*ntʸa⁴há¹
|
| 405 |
horn (animal) |
*ntʸa⁴há⁴
|
| 406 |
stone, rock |
*ntʸa⁴hú⁴
|
| 407 |
hears |
*ntʸe¹ʔé¹
|
| 408 |
comb |
*ntʸe⁴tí¹
|
| 409 |
forked stick |
*ntʸhí³
|
| 410 |
no |
*ntʸi²kʷí³
|
| 411 |
fire |
*ntʸi³ʔí¹
|
| 412 |
pupil (eye) |
*ntʸi¹ʔí¹šku̻⁴
|
| 413 |
grass |
*ntʸi⁴hí⁴
|
| 414 |
weak |
*ntʸkhú̻¹
|
| 415 |
medicine |
*ntʸkí⁴³
|
| 416 |
marker, boundary |
*-ntʸú¹
|
| 417 |
comes |
*ntʸu³wá¹
|
| 418 |
opossum |
*ntʸu⁴hwí³, *ntʸa⁴hwí³
|
| 419 |
year |
*nú̻¹
|
| 420 |
we (incl.) |
*ñá̻¹
|
| 421 |
nine |
*ña̻³há⁴³
|
| 422 |
seven |
*ña̻³tú⁴³
|
| 423 |
difficult |
*ña̜³ʔí̜³
|
| 424 |
fifty |
*ña̜⁴ča̜²té³
|
| 425 |
forty |
*na̜⁴čá̻³
|
| 426 |
four |
*ñu̜³hú²
|
| 427 |
ear |
*ñu̜³hú̜³
|
| 428 |
avocado |
*ñu̜³má̜¹
|
| 429 |
bumblebee |
*ñu̜³mé̜³
|
| 430 |
fingernail |
*ñu̜³nkú³
|
| 431 |
bean |
*ñu̜⁴hmá̻¹, *na̜⁴hmá̜¹
|
| 432 |
corn (kernel) |
*ñu̜⁴hmé̜¹, *ña̜⁴hmé̻¹
|
| 433 |
poor |
*ñu̜⁴má̜⁴
|
| 434 |
bat |
*ñu̜⁴nkú¹
|
| 435 |
church |
*ñu̜⁴nkú⁴
|
| 436 |
moon |
*sá¹
|
| 437 |
more |
*sá³
|
| 438 |
find |
*sa³kú¹, *su³kú¹
|
| 439 |
fast |
*sa³sá³
|
| 440 |
likes |
*sa³sé̻¹
|
| 441 |
ashamed, bashful, alone |
*sa³wá³, *su³wá²
|
| 442 |
better |
*sa⁴nta³há²
|
| 443 |
clown |
*sa⁴sé¹
|
| 444 |
green (color) |
*sa⁴sé⁴, *su⁴sé⁴
|
| 445 |
soon |
*sa⁴ʔí⁴
|
| 446 |
acid |
*sá̻³
|
| 447 |
section (of an orange) |
*scá¹
|
| 448 |
covers |
*scá³
|
| 449 |
cheek |
*scá³
|
| 450 |
bag, pocket |
*scá³
|
| 451 |
guayaba |
*scé³
|
| 452 |
rain |
*scí¹
|
| 453 |
drizzle |
*sci¹šá⁴
|
| 454 |
old |
*sčá¹
|
| 455 |
big |
*sča¹nká³, *sči¹nká³
|
| 456 |
orphan |
*sča⁴ʔá̜⁴
|
| 457 |
little |
*sčí¹
|
| 458 |
able |
*sču¹kʷhá⁴
|
| 459 |
thick (liquid) |
*sé³
|
| 460 |
sings |
*sé⁴²
|
| 461 |
candle |
*sé̜¹
|
| 462 |
stench (like decayed flesh or copper) |
*sé̜³
|
| 463 |
enters |
*se̜³ʔé³
|
| 464 |
believes |
*se̜³ʔe̜³hí̜³
|
| 465 |
bitter, gall |
*shá³
|
| 466 |
look for |
*-shaí²
|
| 467 |
hot |
*shué²
|
| 468 |
bothers |
*si³ci¹ʔí¹
|
| 469 |
yellow |
*si³né̜²
|
| 470 |
dirt |
*sí⁴³
|
| 471 |
tick |
*-sí̜³
|
| 472 |
plays |
*ská¹
|
| 473 |
until |
*ska³ʔntá³
|
| 474 |
able (physically) |
*ská⁴, *ká⁴
|
| 475 |
falls (v.) |
*ská⁴³
|
| 476 |
left (adj.) |
*skhú̜¹
|
| 477 |
belch |
*skiá
|
| 478 |
wait for (imper. sg.) |
*sku³yá³
|
| 479 |
crane |
*skʷá⁴
|
| 480 |
powder |
*skʷá̻⁴
|
| 481 |
tired |
*stá³, *ntá³
|
| 482 |
voice |
*stá⁴, *ntá⁴
|
| 483 |
sandal, shoe |
*sté¹, *nté¹
|
| 484 |
wasp |
*sté³
|
| 485 |
fish |
*stí⁴
|
| 486 |
holiday |
*su¹ʔí¹
|
| 487 |
vomit |
*sú³
|
| 488 |
the same |
*su³wá²
|
| 489 |
on, above |
*sú̜²
|
| 490 |
world |
*sú̜³ʔnté³
|
| 491 |
work |
*šá¹
|
| 492 |
skirt |
*šá¹ʔú¹
|
| 493 |
jaguar |
*šá³
|
| 494 |
early |
*ša³tí¹
|
| 495 |
porcupine |
*ša³ʔnkiú¹
|
| 496 |
monkey (small variety) |
*ša³ʔwí³, *šu³wí³
|
| 497 |
faint (barely visible) |
*šá⁴
|
| 498 |
mildew |
*šá⁴
|
| 499 |
ravine, gorge, gully |
*ša⁴nká¹, *šu⁴nká¹
|
| 500 |
opens |
*ša⁴ʔá⁴
|
| 501 |
bridge |
*ša⁴ʔmá̻⁴, *šu⁴ʔmá̻⁴
|
| 502 |
chicken |
*ša⁴ʔntá⁴, *šu⁴ʔntá⁴
|
| 503 |
lace |
*ša⁴ʔwá⁴, *šu⁴ʔwá⁴
|
| 504 |
emanation (from non-edible dead body) |
*ša⁴ʔyá⁴
|
| 505 |
liquor |
*šá̜¹
|
| 506 |
poor |
*ša̜⁴ʔá⁴
|
| 507 |
hawk |
*šhá⁴
|
| 508 |
three |
*šhá̜²
|
| 509 |
six |
*šha̜ú̜⁴³
|
| 510 |
sin |
*šhé¹
|
| 511 |
big |
*šhé³
|
| 512 |
corn (young ear) |
*šhe⁴ʔé⁴
|
| 513 |
quiet |
*šhiú³
|
| 514 |
eight |
*šhí̻³¹
|
| 515 |
mosquito |
*ši¹ʔí⁴
|
| 516 |
dry |
*ší²
|
| 517 |
belch |
*ši²ʔntí⁴
|
| 518 |
connective (that) |
*ši³-
|
| 519 |
lard |
*ši³né̻¹
|
| 520 |
small |
*ši³ší³
|
| 521 |
flea |
*ši³ʔyá¹
|
| 522 |
man |
*ši⁴ʔí̜³
|
| 523 |
adobe |
*ši⁴ʔnté⁴, *čhi⁴ʔnté⁴
|
| 524 |
apart |
*ší̜²
|
| 525 |
hunt |
*ší̜⁴
|
| 526 |
trousers |
*šká¹
|
| 527 |
cricket |
*ška³hntí³
|
| 528 |
leaf |
*šká⁴
|
| 529 |
broom |
*ška⁴čá³
|
| 530 |
palm leaf |
*ška⁴hé̜¹
|
| 531 |
thin |
*ške³ʔé̻¹
|
| 532 |
alligator |
*škhá³
|
| 533 |
spouse of sister or daughter |
*škha³ʔntá³
|
| 534 |
frog |
*škhé⁴
|
| 535 |
weak |
*škhú⁴
|
| 536 |
glutton |
*ški³ʔá²
|
| 537 |
numeral |
*škí⁴
|
| 538 |
whirlwind |
*škí̜²¹
|
| 539 |
eye |
*škú̜⁴
|
| 540 |
unripe, raw |
*škʷhé̻¹
|
| 541 |
deaf |
*šta³yá³¹
|
| 542 |
mushroom |
*štha̻í̻³
|
| 543 |
rubbish |
*šthé¹
|
| 544 |
nest |
*šthé¹
|
| 545 |
forehead |
*šthé³
|
| 546 |
children |
*ští³
|
| 547 |
disrobes |
*ští̻³
|
| 548 |
rotten |
*štú
|
| 549 |
short |
*štu³wá¹
|
| 550 |
behind |
*štú̻³
|
| 551 |
foam, spray |
*šú¹
|
| 552 |
lime |
*šú¹hña̻ú̜
|
| 553 |
landslide |
*šú²¹
|
| 554 |
boils |
*šú³
|
| 555 |
seed |
*šu³hmá̻¹
|
| 556 |
dew |
*šu³ñú̜³, *sa³ñú̜³
|
| 557 |
termite |
*šu³wí¹
|
| 558 |
navel |
*šu³ʔú³
|
| 559 |
lot (house site) |
*šu³ʔwá³, *ša³ʔwá³
|
| 560 |
paper |
*šu⁴hú̻⁴
|
| 561 |
person |
*šu⁴tá⁴, *ču⁴tá⁴
|
| 562 |
tomato |
*šu⁴tí⁴, *čhu⁴tí⁴
|
| 563 |
wasp |
*šu⁴ʔwé⁴, *ša⁴ʔwé⁴
|
| 564 |
tough, hard |
*tahá, *ntahá
|
| 565 |
no longer |
*ta⁴-
|
| 566 |
show me |
*ta⁴kú³, *tu⁴kú³
|
| 567 |
money |
*ta̜ú̜
|
| 568 |
goat |
*te¹ncú⁴
|
| 569 |
dances |
*té²
|
| 570 |
ten |
*té³
|
| 571 |
brilliant, shiny |
*té³
|
| 572 |
wide |
*te³yá¹, *té⁴³
|
| 573 |
appearance, similarity |
*te⁴kú̜³
|
| 574 |
thick |
*tha̻í̜³
|
| 575 |
guards |
*thaú²
|
| 576 |
loves |
*thaú²
|
| 577 |
magic, sorcery |
*the³ʔé³
|
| 578 |
itch |
*thé⁴³
|
| 579 |
arises |
*-thé̻⁴
|
| 580 |
flies, follows |
*thé̜⁴
|
| 581 |
behind |
*the̜⁴nkí³
|
| 582 |
mixes |
*thi¹hí̻⁴³
|
| 583 |
round |
*thí³
|
| 584 |
goes and comes |
*thi³yá³
|
| 585 |
there are |
*thí̻¹
|
| 586 |
let’s go |
*thi̻á̻³
|
| 587 |
first |
*thú̻²
|
| 588 |
out of |
*thú³
|
| 589 |
continuative aspect |
*ti¹-
|
| 590 |
pig louse |
*ti¹ʔwá⁴
|
| 591 |
burns |
*tí²
|
| 592 |
boy |
*tí³
|
| 593 |
empty |
*ti³yá³
|
| 594 |
cooking pot |
*ti⁴hí¹, *nti⁴hí¹
|
| 595 |
go (imperative) |
*ti̜³ʔí̜³
|
| 596 |
bald, stubble |
*tká³
|
| 597 |
head |
*tkú⁴
|
| 598 |
finger tip |
*tku⁴nchá³, *tku⁴ncá⁴
|
| 599 |
rough |
*tkʷhé³
|
| 600 |
tree-trunk |
*tu²ci³ʔí̜³
|
| 601 |
dove (n.) |
*tu³hú³
|
| 602 |
papaya |
*tu³ku⁴nkhá³
|
| 603 |
cherry |
*tu³ntí̜⁴
|
| 604 |
tree (yolosuchil) |
*tu³tá³, *ta¹tá²
|
| 605 |
fruit |
*tú³¹
|
| 606 |
just, only |
*tu⁴-
|
| 607 |
fierce, angry |
*tu̜³wé¹
|
| 608 |
white |
*tʸa³wá³, *tʸu³wá³
|
|
plate |
*tʸa⁴wá⁴, *tʸu⁴wá⁴
|
| 610 |
arm, shoulder |
*tʸhá³
|
| 611 |
transparent, thin |
*tʸha³wé³, *tʸhu³wé³
|
| 612 |
fifteen |
*tʸha³ʔú̻²
|
| 613 |
skin |
*tʸha⁴wa⁴ší̜¹, *tʸhu⁴wa⁴ší̜¹
|
| 614 |
cornhusk |
*tʸhaú¹
|
| 615 |
horn (musical instrument) |
*tʸhaú³
|
| 616 |
pus |
*tʸhu³cé¹
|
| 617 |
gum |
*tʸhu³nkú¹
|
| 618 |
mucus |
*tʸhu⁴má̻¹
|
| 619 |
fist |
*tʸhu⁴nkú⁴
|
| 620 |
cradle |
*tʸhu⁴ʔwí⁴
|
| 621 |
near |
*tʸiñá̻³¹
|
| 622 |
blind |
*tʸká⁴
|
| 623 |
knee, joint |
*tʸkú¹
|
| 624 |
elbow |
*tʸku¹nca³mé̻³, *tʸku¹ncu³mé̻³
|
| 625 |
kneels |
*tʸku¹ʔnčí³
|
| 626 |
short |
*tʸkʷá̜
|
| 627 |
snail |
*tʸkʷá¹
|
| 628 |
pieces (n) |
*tʸu¹ʔá¹
|
| 629 |
weave |
*waʔá
|
| 630 |
verb auxiliary |
*wa³-
|
| 631 |
buys |
*wa³cé³
|
| 632 |
hits |
*wa³há¹
|
| 633 |
hungry |
*wa³hú²
|
| 634 |
burns |
*wa³ká¹
|
| 635 |
suckles, nurses |
*wa³kí³
|
| 636 |
shows, teaches |
*wa³kú¹
|
| 637 |
falsehood |
*wa³na⁴čá⁴
|
| 638 |
washes (clothes) |
*wa³né̜¹
|
| 639 |
flees |
*wa³nká⁴²
|
| 640 |
bathes |
*wa³nku²yá³
|
| 641 |
defecates |
*wa³ští⁴³
|
| 642 |
thatches |
*wa³té¹
|
| 643 |
sweeps |
*wa³te¹čá³
|
| 644 |
sells |
*wa³te¹ná̜³, *wa³te¹ñá̜³
|
| 645 |
baptize |
*wa³te¹ntá¹
|
| 646 |
cuts |
*wa³té́³
|
| 647 |
cuts |
*wa³te³khá¹
|
| 648 |
lonesome |
*wá⁴³
|
| 649 |
counts |
*we¹škí⁴
|
| 650 |
plants |
*we¹ʔe¹nthé⁴
|
| 651 |
worships |
*we³ntʸkhú̜¹
|
| 652 |
hits, gives birth to |
*we³ʔé¹
|
| 653 |
knows |
*wé⁴²
|
| 654 |
come here |
*wí¹
|
| 655 |
verb auxiliary |
*wi³-
|
| 656 |
mates |
*wi³šá̜³
|
| 657 |
passable |
*wi³thá³
|
| 658 |
harvests |
*wi³tʸhá¹
|
| 659 |
wears |
*yá
|
| 660 |
inside |
*yá
|
| 661 |
wood, tree, stick |
*yá¹
|
| 662 |
cedar |
*ya¹ka⁴kú̜³
|
| 663 |
ladder |
*ya¹ki³hú̜⁴
|
| 664 |
bamboo-like reed |
*ya¹na̜⁴šú⁴
|
| 665 |
tree (chaca) |
*ya¹na̜⁴ʔní̜⁴
|
| 666 |
pine tree |
*ya¹ni̜³čá³
|
| 667 |
staff |
*ya¹ni̜³sé³
|
| 668 |
rubber tree |
*ya¹nti³čhú̜³
|
| 669 |
tree (guayacán) |
*ya¹nti⁴hí⁴
|
| 670 |
stringer, beam |
*ya¹ntu³hú²
|
| 671 |
post (house) |
*ya¹shaí³
|
| 672 |
bench |
*ya¹skú̜²
|
| 673 |
bamboo |
*ya¹šá¹
|
| 674 |
board |
*ya¹té⁴³
|
| 675 |
corn stalk |
*ya¹tʸhaí¹
|
| 676 |
tree (manchillo) |
*ya¹ʔntí³
|
| 677 |
sharp |
*ya³hú²
|
| 678 |
meat |
*ya³hú³
|
| 679 |
meat (roasted) |
*ya³hu³ki³čhá̜³, *ya³hu³há¹
|
| 680 |
pointed |
*ya³hu³ntʸkú̜², *ya³hu³thú̜²
|
| 681 |
carries |
*ya³ʔá³
|
| 682 |
heavy |
*ya³ʔyí³¹
|
| 683 |
fence |
*ya⁴nču³ʔá¹
|
| 684 |
rainbow |
*yehña̻
|
| 685 |
everything |
*ye³hé³
|
| 686 |
snake |
*yé⁴
|
| 687 |
turtle |
*ye⁴hé⁴
|
| 688 |
manure |
*ye⁴ʔé⁴
|
| 689 |
cloud |
*yu³hwí³
|
| 690 |
unoccupied |
*ʔá³
|
| 691 |
interrogative |
*ʔa³-
|
| 692 |
opening |
*ʔá³
|
| 693 |
I |
*ʔá̜³
|
| 694 |
fern |
*ʔi³hná̜
|
| 695 |
soft |
*ʔi³ntá⁴³
|
| 696 |
embroidery |
*ʔi³ntú⁴³
|
| 697 |
four-hundred |
*ʔiwá
|
| 698 |
hidden |
*ʔmá̜³
|
| 699 |
sick |
*ʔmé̻³
|
| 700 |
chest |
*ʔmé̻⁴
|
| 701 |
named |
*ʔmí̜²
|
| 702 |
sore, hurt |
*ʔmú̜
|
| 703 |
brilliant, shiny |
*ʔná̜⁴
|
| 704 |
cold (weather) |
*ʔnčá̜¹
|
| 705 |
wet |
*ʔnčí⁴
|
| 706 |
blackberry |
*ʔnčú³, *ʔnkiú, *shá
|
| 707 |
bunch (of bananas) |
*ʔné̜¹
|
| 708 |
language, word |
*ʔné̜¹
|
| 709 |
high, tall |
*ʔnká³
|
| 710 |
conceited |
*ʔnka³kú̜³
|
| 711 |
hoes |
*ʔnkí⁴³, *nčí⁴³
|
| 712 |
cocoa bean |
*ʔnkiú¹
|
| 713 |
hello |
*ʔntá³
|
| 714 |
young, little |
*ʔntí¹
|
| 715 |
twins |
*ʔnti¹ʔñú̜⁴
|
| 716 |
sterile |
*ʔntí⁴
|
| 717 |
rots |
*ʔntú³
|
| 718 |
dusk |
*ʔñá̻⁴
|
| 719 |
five |
*ña̜ú²
|
| 720 |
hundred |
*ña̜u̜³čá̜³
|
| 721 |
strong |
*ñú̜¹
|
| 722 |
mecapal |
*ʔnu̜¹stí̜¹
|
| 723 |
grinds |
*ʔwaú³
|
| 724 |
drinks (v) |
*ʔwi̇́⁴³
|
| 725 |
nominal |
*ʔyá³-
|
| 726 |
red |
*ʔya³ni̻̇́²
|
| 727 |
puckery |
*ʔya³si̇́³
|
| 728 |
sweet |
*̈ʔya³ší⁴³
|
| 729 |
warm |
*ʔya³sú⁴³
|
| 730 |
ant (leaf cutter) |
*ʔyá⁴
|
| 731 |
drinkable |
*ʔyú³
|
