أن

See also: ان‎, آن‎, إن‎, اَِنْ‎, -ان‎, and ان-‎

Arabic

Etymology 1

Uncertain, but probably identical to هَمّ‎ (hamm, “concern”) from the root ه م م‎ (h-m-m), with sound changes typical to Arabic, as e.g. in إن‎ (ʾin).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ʔan/

Conjunction

أَنْ • (ʾan)

1. to, that

   ‏أُرِيدُ أَنْ آكُلَ.‎‎

   ʾurīdu ʾan ʾākula.

   I want to eat. (lit. I want that I eat.)

   ‏أُرِيدُ أَنْ يَأْكُلَ.‎‎

   ʾurīdu ʾan yaʾkula.

   I want him to eat. (lit. I want that he eat.)

2. that

   ‏أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَٰهَ إِلَّا ٱللَّٰهُ.‎‎

   ʾašhadu ʾan lā ʾilāha ʾillā llāhu.

   I bear witness that there is no god but God.

Usage notes

• أَنْ‎ (ʾan) may be followed immediately by a verb in the subjunctive mood or the past tense if the event described has already occurred. (If the event has not yet occurred, then the verb after أَنْ‎ (ʾan)) takes the subjunctive.) See also بَعْدَ‎ (baʿda).

  ‏اِنْتَخَبَ الشَّعْبُ رَئِيسًا جَدِيدًا بَعْدَ أَنْ تَمَّتْ كِتَابَةُ الدُّسْتُور.‎‎

  intaḵaba š-šaʿbu raʾīsan jadīdan baʿda ʾan tammat kitābatu d-dustūr.

  The people elected a new president after the constitution was written.

  ‏سَيَنْتَخِبُ الشَّعْبُ رَئِيسًا جَدِيدًا بَعْدَ أَنْ تَتِمَّ كِتَابَةُ الدُّسْتُور.‎‎

  sayantaḵibu š-šaʿbu raʾīsan jadīdan baʿda ʾan tatimma kitābatu d-dustūr.

  The people will elect a new president after the constitution is written.

  ‏سَبَقَ أَنْ قُلْتُ لَكَ ذَٰلِكَ‎

  sabaqa ʾan qultu laka ḏālika

  (please add an English translation of this usage example)

• In addition to بَعْدَ‎ (baʿda) above, أَنْ‎ (ʾan) may be used with the preposition قَبْلَ‎ (qabla, “before”) to form a conjunction.

  ‏بَعْدَ الْقَرَارِ‎ ― baʿda l-qarāri ― after the decision, after deciding

  ‏بَعْدَ أَنْ يُقَرِّرَ‎ ― baʿda ʾan yuqarrira ― after he decides

  ‏بَعْدَ أَنْ قَرَّرَ‎ ― baʿda ʾan qarrara ― after he decided

  ‏قَبْلَ الْقَرَارِ‎ ― qabla l-qarāri ― before the decision, before deciding

  ‏قَبْلَ أَنْ يُقَرِّرَ‎ ― qabla ʾan yuqarrira ― before he decides; before he decided

Derived terms

• أَلَّا‎ (ʾallā)
• لِأَنْ‎ (liʾan)
• لِئَلَّا‎ (liʾallā)

Etymology 2

Adverbial accusative of the noun underlying the former conjunction.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ʔan.na/

Conjunction

أَنَّ • (ʾanna)

1. that

   ‏أَعْرِفُ أَنَّكَ سَرَقْتَ سَيَّارَتِي.‎‎

   ʾaʿrifu ʾannaka saraqta sayyāratī.

   I know that you stole my car.

Inflection

    Inflected forms

Base form					أَنَّ (ʾanna)
Personal-pronoun- including forms	Singular		Dual	Plural
	Masculine	Feminine	Common	Masculine	Feminine
First person	أَنَّنِي‎ (ʾannanī)			أَنَّنَا‎ (ʾannanā)
Second person	أَنَّكَ‎ (ʾannaka)	أَنَّكِ‎ (ʾannaki)	أَنَّكُمَا‎ (ʾannakumā)	أَنَّكُمْ‎ (ʾannakum)	أَنَّكُنَّ‎ (ʾannakunna)
Third person	أَنَّهُ‎ (ʾannahu)	أَنَّهَا‎ (ʾannahā)	أَنَّهُمَا‎ (ʾannahumā)	أَنَّهُمْ‎ (ʾannahum)	أَنَّهُنَّ‎ (ʾannahunna)

Usage notes

• أَنَّ‎ (ʾanna) must be followed immediately by the subject of the clause it introduces, in the accusative case. If it is a pronoun, it must be expressed.

Derived terms

• لِأَنَّ‎ (liʾanna)

See also

• (ʾinna and her sisters) إِنَّ وَأَخَوَاتُهَا‎ (ʾinna waʾaḵawātuhā); إِنَّ‎ (ʾinna), أَنَّ (ʾanna), لٰكِنَّ‎ (lākinna), كَأَنَّ‎ (kaʾanna), لَعَلَّ‎ (laʿalla), لَيْتَ‎ (layta), ^{(Category: ar:sisters of ʾinna)}

Etymology 3

From the root ء ن ن‎ (ʾ-n-n), probably also related to the root ه م م‎ (h-m-m) connected to the idea of worry, affect.

Pronunciation

• (verb) IPA^(key): /ʔan.na/
• (noun) IPA^(key): /ʔann/

Verb

أَنَّ • (ʾanna) I, non-past يَئِنُّ‎‎ (yaʾinnu)

1. to moan, to sough
2. to groan

Conjugation

Conjugation of

أَنَّ

(form-I geminate, verbal nouns أَنّ or أَنِين)

verbal nouns الْمَصَادِر						أَنّ or أَنِين‎ ʾann or ʾanīn
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل						آنّ‎ ʾānn
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول						مَأْنُون‎ maʾnūn
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	أَنَنْتُ‎ ʾanantu	أَنَنْتَ‎ ʾananta	أَنَّ ʾanna		أَنَنْتُمَا‎ ʾanantumā	أَنَّا‎ ʾannā		أَنَنَّا‎ ʾanannā	أَنَنْتُمْ‎ ʾanantum	أَنُّوا‎ ʾannū
	f		أَنَنْتِ‎ ʾananti	أَنَّتْ‎ ʾannat			أَنَّتَا‎ ʾannatā			أَنَنْتُنَّ‎ ʾanantunna	أَنَنَّ‎ ʾananna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع	m	أَئِنُّ‎ ʾaʾinnu	تَئِنُّ‎ taʾinnu	يَئِنُّ‎ yaʾinnu		تَئِنَّانِ‎ taʾinnāni	يَئِنَّانِ‎ yaʾinnāni		نَئِنُّ‎ naʾinnu	تَئِنُّونَ‎ taʾinnūna	يَئِنُّونَ‎ yaʾinnūna
	f		تَئِنِّينَ‎ taʾinnīna	تَئِنُّ‎ taʾinnu			تَئِنَّانِ‎ taʾinnāni			تَأْنِنَّ‎ taʾninna	يَأْنِنَّ‎ yaʾninna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أَئِنَّ‎ ʾaʾinna	تَئِنَّ‎ taʾinna	يَئِنَّ‎ yaʾinna		تَئِنَّا‎ taʾinnā	يَئِنَّا‎ yaʾinnā		نَئِنَّ‎ naʾinna	تَئِنُّوا‎ taʾinnū	يَئِنُّوا‎ yaʾinnū
	f		تَئِنِّي‎ taʾinnī	تَئِنَّ‎ taʾinna			تَئِنَّا‎ taʾinnā			تَأْنِنَّ‎ taʾninna	يَأْنِنَّ‎ yaʾninna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أَئِنَّ‎ or أَئِنِّ‎ or آنِنْ‎ ʾaʾinna or ʾaʾinni or ʾānin	تَئِنَّ‎ or تَئِنِّ‎ or تَأْنِنْ‎ taʾinna or taʾinni or taʾnin	يَئِنَّ‎ or يَئِنِّ‎ or يَأْنِنْ‎ yaʾinna or yaʾinni or yaʾnin		تَئِنَّا‎ taʾinnā	يَئِنَّا‎ yaʾinnā		نَئِنَّ‎ or نَئِنِّ‎ or نَأْنِنْ‎ naʾinna or naʾinni or naʾnin	تَئِنُّوا‎ taʾinnū	يَئِنُّوا‎ yaʾinnū
	f		تَئِنِّي‎ taʾinnī	تَئِنَّ‎ or تَئِنِّ‎ or تَأْنِنْ‎ taʾinna or taʾinni or taʾnin			تَئِنَّا‎ taʾinnā			تَأْنِنَّ‎ taʾninna	يَأْنِنَّ‎ yaʾninna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		إِنَّ‎ or إِنِّ‎ or اِينِنْ‎ ʾinna or ʾinni or īnin			إِنَّا‎ ʾinnā				إِنُّوا‎ ʾinnū
	f		إِنِّي‎ ʾinnī							اِينِنَّ‎ īninna
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	أُنِنْتُ‎ ʾunintu	أُنِنْتَ‎ ʾuninta	أُنَّ ʾunna		أُنِنْتُمَا‎ ʾunintumā	أُنَّا‎ ʾunnā		أُنِنَّا‎ ʾuninnā	أُنِنْتُمْ‎ ʾunintum	أُنُّوا‎ ʾunnū
	f		أُنِنْتِ‎ ʾuninti	أُنَّتْ‎ ʾunnat			أُنَّتَا‎ ʾunnatā			أُنِنْتُنَّ‎ ʾunintunna	أُنِنَّ‎ ʾuninna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع	m	أُؤَنُّ‎ ʾuʾannu	تُؤَنُّ‎ tuʾannu	يُؤَنُّ‎ yuʾannu		تُؤَنَّانِ‎ tuʾannāni	يُؤَنَّانِ‎ yuʾannāni		نُؤَنُّ‎ nuʾannu	تُؤَنُّونَ‎ tuʾannūna	يُؤَنُّونَ‎ yuʾannūna
	f		تُؤَنِّينَ‎ tuʾannīna	تُؤَنُّ‎ tuʾannu			تُؤَنَّانِ‎ tuʾannāni			تُؤْنَنَّ‎ tuʾnanna	يُؤْنَنَّ‎ yuʾnanna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُؤَنَّ‎ ʾuʾanna	تُؤَنَّ‎ tuʾanna	يُؤَنَّ‎ yuʾanna		تُؤَنَّا‎ tuʾannā	يُؤَنَّا‎ yuʾannā		نُؤَنَّ‎ nuʾanna	تُؤَنُّوا‎ tuʾannū	يُؤَنُّوا‎ yuʾannū
	f		تُؤَنِّي‎ tuʾannī	تُؤَنَّ‎ tuʾanna			تُؤَنَّا‎ tuʾannā			تُؤْنَنَّ‎ tuʾnanna	يُؤْنَنَّ‎ yuʾnanna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُؤَنَّ‎ or أُؤَنِّ‎ or أُونَنْ‎ ʾuʾanna or ʾuʾanni or ʾūnan	تُؤَنَّ‎ or تُؤَنِّ‎ or تُؤْنَنْ‎ tuʾanna or tuʾanni or tuʾnan	يُؤَنَّ‎ or يُؤَنِّ‎ or يُؤْنَنْ‎ yuʾanna or yuʾanni or yuʾnan		تُؤَنَّا‎ tuʾannā	يُؤَنَّا‎ yuʾannā		نُؤَنَّ‎ or نُؤَنِّ‎ or نُؤْنَنْ‎ nuʾanna or nuʾanni or nuʾnan	تُؤَنُّوا‎ tuʾannū	يُؤَنُّوا‎ yuʾannū
	f		تُؤَنِّي‎ tuʾannī	تُؤَنَّ‎ or تُؤَنِّ‎ or تُؤْنَنْ‎ tuʾanna or tuʾanni or tuʾnan			تُؤَنَّا‎ tuʾannā			تُؤْنَنَّ‎ tuʾnanna	يُؤْنَنَّ‎ yuʾnanna

Noun

أَنّ • (ʾann) m

1. verbal noun of أَنَّ (ʾanna) (form I)

Declension

Declension of noun أَنّ (ʾann)

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	أَنّ ʾann	الْأَنّ‎ al-ʾann	أَنّ ʾann
Nominative	أَنٌّ ʾannun	الْأَنُّ‎ al-ʾannu	أَنُّ ʾannu
Accusative	أَنًّا‎ ʾannan	الْأَنَّ‎ al-ʾanna	أَنَّ ʾanna
Genitive	أَنٍّ ʾannin	الْأَنِّ‎ al-ʾanni	أَنِّ ʾanni

References

• Tropper, Josef (2003), “Sekundäres wortanlautendes Alif im Arabischen”, in Kogan, Leonid, editor, Studia Semitica (Orientalia: Papers of the Oriental Institute; III), Moscow, →ISBN, page 207–209