See also: ترش, پرش, پرس, برش, and برس

Arabic edit

 
تُرْس

Etymology 1 edit

From Ancient Greek θυρεός (thureós), ultimately the same source as etymology 2.

Noun edit

تُرْس (tursm (plural تُرُوس (turūs) or أَتْراس (ʔatrās))

  1. shield, scutum
    Synonyms: (dated) دَرَقَة (daraqa), (modern, proscribed) دِرْع (dirʕ)
  2. turbot, Scophthalmus maximus
Declension edit
Descendants edit
  • Ottoman Turkish: ترس (türs, shield)
  • Persian: ترس (tors, shield)

Verb edit

تَرَّسَ (tarrasa) II, non-past يُتَرِّسُ‎ (yutarrisu)

  1. to shield, to defend with a shield
  2. to arm with a shield
Conjugation edit
 
تِرْس

Etymology 2 edit

Ancient Greek θαιρός (thairós, a pivot of a door or gate; mechanism to open a door), from Ancient Greek θῠ́ρᾱ (thúrā, door, entrance), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *dʰwer-.

Noun edit

تِرْس (tirsm (plural تُرُوس (turūs))

  1. gear, sprocket, cogwheel
Declension edit

References edit

  • Freytag, Georg (1833) “ترس”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum[1] (in Latin), volume 2, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, page 24
  • Wehr, Hans with Kropfitsch, Lorenz (1985) “ترس”, in Arabisches Wörterbuch für die Schriftsprache der Gegenwart[2] (in German), 5th edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, published 2011, →ISBN, page 138

Ottoman Turkish edit

Etymology 1 edit

Cognate to Azerbaijani tərs, which see for more.

Noun edit

ترس (ters)

  1. reverse side, flip side, opposite end
  2. dung, excrement
    Synonyms: گوبره (göbre, gübre), تزك (tezek), فشقی (fışkı)

Adjective edit

ترس (ters)

  1. reverse, opposite, contrary, converse, inverse
    Synonym: وارون (varun)

Descendants edit

  • Armenian: թարս (tʻars)
  • Turkish: ters
  • North Levantine Arabic: ترس (tars, the reverse, in a countrary manner)
  • Northern Kurdish: ters (bent, crooked, skewed)

Etymology 2 edit

From Northern Kurdish teres (coward), possibly from Persian ترسا (tarsâ, Christian).

Noun edit

ترس (teres)

  1. cuckold, wittol
    Synonyms: قودوش (kodoş), بوینوزلو (boynuzlu), دیوث (deyyus), كراتا (kerata)
  2. pimp, pander
    Synonyms: پزونك (pezevenk), قودوش (kodoş)
Descendants edit

Etymology 3 edit

 
ترس

From Arabic تُرْس (turs), from Ancient Greek θυρεός (thureós).

Noun edit

ترس (türs) (plural اتراس (etras), plural تروس (türüs))

  1. buckler, shield
    Synonyms: درقه (daraka), سپر (siper), قلقان (kalkan)

Etymology 4 edit

From Persian ترس (tars).

Noun edit

ترس (ters)

  1. fright, terror

References edit

  • Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “ترس”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum[3], Vienna, column 1149
  • Zenker, Julius Theodor (1866) “ترس”, in Türkisch-arabisch-persisches Handwörterbuch, volume 1 (overall work in German and French), Leipzig: Wilhelm Engelmann, page 278

Persian edit

Etymology 1 edit

Inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian *trāsás, from Proto-Indo-European *tros-ó-s (fear, dread), from *tres- (to tremble (with fear)). Compare Sanskrit त्रास (trāsa).

Pronunciation edit

 

Readings
Classical reading? tars
Dari reading? tars
Iranian reading? tars
Tajik reading? tars
  • (file)

Noun edit

ترس (tars)

  1. fear
  2. terror
Synonyms edit
Related terms edit

Etymology 2 edit

Borrowed from Arabic تُرْس (turs, shield), from Ancient Greek θυρεός (thureós).

Noun edit

ترس (tors)

  1. shield, buckler

South Levantine Arabic edit

Etymology edit

From Arabic تُرْس (turs).

Noun edit

ترس (tirsm (plural تروس (trūs))

  1. shield

Southwestern Fars edit

Noun edit

ترس (ters)

  1. (Masarm, Deh Sarv, Kuzarg) fear
  2. (Masarm, Deh Sarv, Kuzarg) terror

Urdu edit

Etymology edit

Inherited from Sanskrit [Term?], from the root तृष् (tṛṣ), ultimately derived from Proto-Indo-European *ters-.

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

تَرَس (tarasm (Hindi spelling तरस)

  1. pity, mercy
    تجھ پہ ترس آتا ہے۔
    tujh pih taras ātā hai.
    I feel sorry for you.
  2. longing, yearning

Declension edit

Declension of ترس
singular plural
direct ترس (taras) ترس (taras)
oblique ترس (taras) ترسوں (tarasō̃)
vocative ترس (taras) ترسو (tarasō)

Derived terms edit

References edit

  • ترس”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
  • ترس”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2024.