عمل
Arabic edit
Etymology 1 edit
From the root ع م ل (ʕ-m-l). The grammatical “government” meaning is a semantic loan from Medieval Latin vīs. Compare Hebrew עָמָל (`Amal, “work, deed”).
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
عَمِلَ • (ʕamila) I, non-past يَعْمَلُ (yaʕmalu)
- to work, perform
- هُوَ يَعْمَلُ فِي مَجَالِ التَكْنُولُوجِيَا.
- huwa yaʕmalu fī majāli t-taknūlūjiyā.
- He works in the field of technology.
- أَنَا أَعْمَلُ كَمُدَرِسٍ فِي الْمَدْرَسَةِ.
- ʔanā ʔaʕmalu kamudarisin fī l-madrasati.
- I work as a teacher at the school.
- to do (with deliberate thought)
- to practice, profess
- to produce an effect
- to be brisk, walk fast
- to exercise an influence
- (grammar) to govern a case
- to take pains (عَلَى (ʕalā) with)
- to work to an end
- to take care of
- to last without interruption
Conjugation edit
verbal noun الْمَصْدَر |
عَمَل ʕamal | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
ʕāmil | |||||||||||
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول |
maʕmūl | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | ʕamiltu |
ʕamilta |
عَمِلَ ʕamila |
ʕamiltumā |
ʕamilā |
ʕamilnā |
ʕamiltum |
ʕamilū | |||
f | ʕamilti |
ʕamilat |
ʕamilatā |
ʕamiltunna |
ʕamilna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔaʕmalu |
taʕmalu |
yaʕmalu |
taʕmalāni |
yaʕmalāni |
naʕmalu |
taʕmalūna |
yaʕmalūna | |||
f | taʕmalīna |
taʕmalu |
taʕmalāni |
taʕmalna |
yaʕmalna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔaʕmala |
taʕmala |
yaʕmala |
taʕmalā |
yaʕmalā |
naʕmala |
taʕmalū |
yaʕmalū | |||
f | taʕmalī |
taʕmala |
taʕmalā |
taʕmalna |
yaʕmalna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔaʕmal |
taʕmal |
yaʕmal |
taʕmalā |
yaʕmalā |
naʕmal |
taʕmalū |
yaʕmalū | |||
f | taʕmalī |
taʕmal |
taʕmalā |
taʕmalna |
yaʕmalna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر |
m | iʕmal |
iʕmalā |
iʕmalū |
||||||||
f | iʕmalī |
iʕmalna | ||||||||||
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | ʕumiltu |
ʕumilta |
عُمِلَ ʕumila |
ʕumiltumā |
ʕumilā |
ʕumilnā |
ʕumiltum |
ʕumilū | |||
f | ʕumilti |
ʕumilat |
ʕumilatā |
ʕumiltunna |
ʕumilna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔuʕmalu |
tuʕmalu |
yuʕmalu |
tuʕmalāni |
yuʕmalāni |
nuʕmalu |
tuʕmalūna |
yuʕmalūna | |||
f | tuʕmalīna |
tuʕmalu |
tuʕmalāni |
tuʕmalna |
yuʕmalna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔuʕmala |
tuʕmala |
yuʕmala |
tuʕmalā |
yuʕmalā |
nuʕmala |
tuʕmalū |
yuʕmalū | |||
f | tuʕmalī |
tuʕmala |
tuʕmalā |
tuʕmalna |
yuʕmalna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔuʕmal |
tuʕmal |
yuʕmal |
tuʕmalā |
yuʕmalā |
nuʕmal |
tuʕmalū |
yuʕmalū | |||
f | tuʕmalī |
tuʕmal |
tuʕmalā |
tuʕmalna |
yuʕmalna |
Etymology 2 edit
From the root ع م ل (ʕ-m-l).
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
عَمَّلَ • (ʕammala) II, non-past يُعَمِّلُ (yuʕammilu)
- to pay (someone) their fee or wages
- to make (someone) an administrator or governor
- to suppurate, grow cancerous
Conjugation edit
verbal noun الْمَصْدَر |
taʕmīl | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
muʕammil | |||||||||||
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول |
muʕammal | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | ʕammaltu |
ʕammalta |
عَمَّلَ ʕammala |
ʕammaltumā |
ʕammalā |
ʕammalnā |
ʕammaltum |
ʕammalū | |||
f | ʕammalti |
ʕammalat |
ʕammalatā |
ʕammaltunna |
ʕammalna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔuʕammilu |
tuʕammilu |
yuʕammilu |
tuʕammilāni |
yuʕammilāni |
nuʕammilu |
tuʕammilūna |
yuʕammilūna | |||
f | tuʕammilīna |
tuʕammilu |
tuʕammilāni |
tuʕammilna |
yuʕammilna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔuʕammila |
tuʕammila |
yuʕammila |
tuʕammilā |
yuʕammilā |
nuʕammila |
tuʕammilū |
yuʕammilū | |||
f | tuʕammilī |
tuʕammila |
tuʕammilā |
tuʕammilna |
yuʕammilna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔuʕammil |
tuʕammil |
yuʕammil |
tuʕammilā |
yuʕammilā |
nuʕammil |
tuʕammilū |
yuʕammilū | |||
f | tuʕammilī |
tuʕammil |
tuʕammilā |
tuʕammilna |
yuʕammilna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر |
m | عَمِّلْ ʕammil |
ʕammilā |
ʕammilū |
||||||||
f | ʕammilī |
ʕammilna | ||||||||||
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | ʕummiltu |
ʕummilta |
عُمِّلَ ʕummila |
ʕummiltumā |
ʕummilā |
ʕummilnā |
ʕummiltum |
ʕummilū | |||
f | ʕummilti |
ʕummilat |
ʕummilatā |
ʕummiltunna |
ʕummilna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔuʕammalu |
tuʕammalu |
yuʕammalu |
tuʕammalāni |
yuʕammalāni |
nuʕammalu |
tuʕammalūna |
yuʕammalūna | |||
f | tuʕammalīna |
tuʕammalu |
tuʕammalāni |
tuʕammalna |
yuʕammalna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔuʕammala |
tuʕammala |
yuʕammala |
tuʕammalā |
yuʕammalā |
nuʕammala |
tuʕammalū |
yuʕammalū | |||
f | tuʕammalī |
tuʕammala |
tuʕammalā |
tuʕammalna |
yuʕammalna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔuʕammal |
tuʕammal |
yuʕammal |
tuʕammalā |
yuʕammalā |
nuʕammal |
tuʕammalū |
yuʕammalū | |||
f | tuʕammalī |
tuʕammal |
tuʕammalā |
tuʕammalna |
yuʕammalna |
Etymology 3 edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
عَمَل • (ʕamal) m (plural أَعْمَال (ʔaʕmāl))
- verbal noun of عَمِلَ (ʕamila) (form I)
- work, action, deed
- الْعَمَلُ الْجَمَاعِيُّ يُمْكِنُ أَن يَكُونَ مُفِيدًا فِي إِنْجَازِ الْمُشَارِيعِ الْكَبِيرَةِ.
- al-ʕamalu l-jamāʕiyyu yumkinu ʔan yakūna mufīdan fī ʔinjāzi l-mušārīʕi l-kabīrati.
- Collaborative work can be beneficial in completing large projects.
- (grammar) government
Declension edit
Singular | basic singular triptote | ||
---|---|---|---|
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | عَمَل ʕamal |
الْعَمَل al-ʕamal |
عَمَل ʕamal |
Nominative | عَمَلٌ ʕamalun |
الْعَمَلُ al-ʕamalu |
عَمَلُ ʕamalu |
Accusative | عَمَلًا ʕamalan |
الْعَمَلَ al-ʕamala |
عَمَلَ ʕamala |
Genitive | عَمَلٍ ʕamalin |
الْعَمَلِ al-ʕamali |
عَمَلِ ʕamali |
Dual | Indefinite | Definite | Construct |
Informal | عَمَلَيْن ʕamalayn |
الْعَمَلَيْن al-ʕamalayn |
عَمَلَيْ ʕamalay |
Nominative | عَمَلَانِ ʕamalāni |
الْعَمَلَانِ al-ʕamalāni |
عَمَلَا ʕamalā |
Accusative | عَمَلَيْنِ ʕamalayni |
الْعَمَلَيْنِ al-ʕamalayni |
عَمَلَيْ ʕamalay |
Genitive | عَمَلَيْنِ ʕamalayni |
الْعَمَلَيْنِ al-ʕamalayni |
عَمَلَيْ ʕamalay |
Plural | basic broken plural triptote | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | أَعْمَال ʔaʕmāl |
الْأَعْمَال al-ʔaʕmāl |
أَعْمَال ʔaʕmāl |
Nominative | أَعْمَالٌ ʔaʕmālun |
الْأَعْمَالُ al-ʔaʕmālu |
أَعْمَالُ ʔaʕmālu |
Accusative | أَعْمَالًا ʔaʕmālan |
الْأَعْمَالَ al-ʔaʕmāla |
أَعْمَالَ ʔaʕmāla |
Genitive | أَعْمَالٍ ʔaʕmālin |
الْأَعْمَالِ al-ʔaʕmāli |
أَعْمَالِ ʔaʕmāli |
Descendants edit
- → Azerbaijani: əməl
- → Bashkir: ғәмәл (ğämäl)
- → Ottoman Turkish: عمل
- → Persian: عمل ('amal)
- → Bengali: আমল (amol)
- → Swahili: amali
References edit
- Praetorius, Franz (1909), “Die grammatische Rektion bei den Arabern”, in Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenländischen Gesellschaft[1], volume 63, pages 495–503
- Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884), “عمل”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary[2], London: W.H. Allen
- Wehr, Hans (1979), “عمل”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN
Egyptian Arabic edit
Root |
---|
ع م ل |
2 terms |
Etymology edit
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
عمل • (ʕamal) I (non-past يعمل (yiʕmil))
- to do
Conjugation edit
verbal noun | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle | عامل (ʕāmil) | |||||||
passive participle | معمول (maʕmūl) | |||||||
singular | plural | |||||||
1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | |||
past | m | عملت (ʕamalt) |
عملت (ʕamalt) |
عمل (ʕamal) |
عملنا (ʕamalna) |
عملتوا (ʕamaltu) |
عملوا (ʕamalu) | |
f | عملتي (ʕamalti) |
عملت (ʕamalit) | ||||||
present subjunctive |
m | اعمل (aʕmil) |
تعمل (tiʕmil) |
يعمل (yiʕmil) |
نعمل (niʕmil) |
تعملوا (tiʕmilu) |
يعملوا (yiʕmilu) | |
f | تعملي (tiʕmili) |
تعمل (tiʕmil) | ||||||
present indicative |
m | بعمل (baʕmil) |
بتعمل (bitiʕmil) |
بيعمل (biyiʕmil) |
بنعمل (biniʕmil) |
بتعملوا (bitiʕmilu) |
بيعملوا (biyiʕmilu) | |
f | بتعملي (bitiʕmili) |
بتعمل (bitiʕmil) | ||||||
future | m | حعمل (ḥaʕmil) |
حتعمل (ḥatiʕmil) |
حيعمل (ḥayiʕmil) |
حنعمل (ḥaniʕmil) |
حتعملوا (ḥatiʕmilu) |
حيعملوا (ḥayiʕmilu) | |
f | حتعملي (ḥatiʕmili) |
حتعمل (ḥatiʕmil) | ||||||
imperative | m | اعمل (iʕmil) |
اعملوا (iʕmilu) |
|||||
f | اعملي (iʕmili) |
Moroccan Arabic edit
Etymology edit
Root |
---|
ع م ل |
1 term |
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
عمل • (ʕmal) I (non-past يعمل (yiʕmal))
Conjugation edit
This verb needs an inflection-table template.
North Levantine Arabic edit
Etymology edit
Verb edit
عمل • (ʕimil) I (non-past يعمل (yiʕmil, yaʕmil, yaʕmul))
- to do
- شو عم تعمل؟
- šu ʕam taʕmul?
- What are you doing?
Persian edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from Arabic عَمَل (ʕamal).
Pronunciation edit
- (Classical Persian) IPA(key): [ʔa.ˈmal]
- (Iran, formal) IPA(key): [ʔæ.mǽl̥]
- (Tajik, formal) IPA(key): [ʔä.mǽl]
Readings | |
---|---|
Classical reading? | amal |
Dari reading? | amal |
Iranian reading? | amal |
Tajik reading? | amal |
Noun edit
Dari | عمل |
---|---|
Iranian Persian | |
Tajik | амал |
عمل • ('amal) (plural اعمال (a'mâl) or عملها ('amal-hâ))
Inflection edit
Enclitic-attached forms of عمل ('amal) (Iranian Persian) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Derived terms edit
South Levantine Arabic edit
Root |
---|
ع م ل |
6 terms |
Etymology edit
Pronunciation edit
- IPA(key): /ʕi.mil/, [ˈʕɛ.mɪl], [ˈʕɪ.mɪl], [ˈʕi.mɪl]
- IPA(key): /ʕa.mal/, [ˈʕa.mal]
Audio (al-Lidd) (file)
Verb edit
عمل • (ʕimil) I (present بعمل (biʕmil), active participle عامل (ʕāmel))
- to do
- Synonym: سوّى (sawwa)
- to make, to prepare
- Synonym: سوّى (sawwa)
- (reflexive) to act (a certain way), to pretend
Usage notes edit
- Like عرف (ʕirif), non-past forms may use “a” as the core vowel and in the prefix, so forms like بِعْمَل (beʕmal) and بْيَعْمِل (byaʕmel) are possible as well.
Conjugation edit
Conjugation of عمل (ʕimil) | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
singular | plural | |||||||
1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | |||
past | m | عملت (ʕmilt) | عملت (ʕmilt) | عمل (ʕimil) | عملنا (ʕmilna) | عملتو (ʕmiltu) | عملو (ʕimlu) | |
f | عملتي (ʕmilti) | عملت (ʕimlat) | ||||||
present | m | بعمل (baʕmil) | بتعمل (btiʕmil) | بعمل (biʕmil) | منعمل (mniʕmil) | بتعملو (btiʕmilu) | بعملو (biʕmilu) | |
f | بتعملي (btiʕmili) | بتعمل (btiʕmil) | ||||||
subjunctive | m | أعمل (ʔaʕmil) | تعمل (tiʕmil) | يعمل (yiʕmil) | نعمل (niʕmil) | تعملو (tiʕmilu) | يعملو (yiʕmilu) | |
f | تعملي (tiʕmili) | تعمل (tiʕmil) | ||||||
imperative | m | اعمل (iʕmil) | اعملو (iʕmilu) | |||||
f | اعملي (iʕmili) |
Urdu edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from Classical Persian عمل ('amal), from Arabic عَمَل (ʕamal).
Pronunciation edit
- (Standard Urdu) IPA(key): /ə.məl/
- Rhymes: -əl