ܛܒܐ

Assyrian Neo-Aramaic

Etymology 1

Root
ܛ ܘ ܒ (ṭ w b)
8 terms

From Aramaic טָבָא (ṭāḇā), from Proto-Semitic *ṭāb-; compare Arabic طَيِّب (ṭayyib), Hebrew טוֹב (tov) and Akkadian 𒄭 (ṭābum, “pleasant”).

Pronunciation

• ܛܵܒ݂ܵܐ:
  • (Standard) IPA^(key): [tˤɑːwɑː] (singular)

    IPA^(key): [tˤɑːweː] (plural)

  • (Urmia) IPA^(key): [tˤɑːvɑː] (singular)

    IPA^(key): [tˤɑːveː] (plural)

• ܛܵܒ݂ܹܐ:
  • (Standard) IPA^(key): [tˤaːweː]

Adjective

ܛܵܒ݂ܵܐ • (ṭāḇā) (feminine ܛܵܒ݂ܬܵܐ (ṭāḇtā), plural ܛܵܒ݂ܹ̈ܐ (ṭāḇē))

1. good, pleasant, well
   • Genesis 1:31:

     ܘܚܙܹܐ ܠܹܗ ܐܲܠܵܗܵܐ ܠܟܠ ܕܥܒ݂ܝܼܕ ܠܹܗ، ܘܗܵܐ، ܛܵܒ݂ܵܐ ܝܗ݇ܘܵܐ ܪܵܒܵܐ. ܘܗ݇ܘܹܐ ܠܹܗ ܪܲܡܫܵܐ ܘܗ݇ܘܹܐ ܠܹܗ ܨܲܦܪܵܐ، ܝܵܘܡܵܐ ܕܐܸܫܬܵܐ.

     w-ḥzē lēh allāhā l-kul d-ˁḇīd lēh, w-hā, ṭāḇā ìwā rābā. w-wē lēh ramšā w-wē lēh ṣaprā, yāwmā d-ištā.

     Then God saw everything that He had made, and indeed it was very good. So the evening and the morning were the sixth day.

   Synonym: ܨܦܵܝܝܼ (ṣpāyī)

   Antonyms: ܒܝܼܫܵܐ (bīšā), ܚܸܪܒܵܐ (ḥirbā)

2. valuable, precious, excellent, honourable
3. kind, gracious, benevolent, beneficent, favourable

Derived terms

• ܒܲܪ ܛܵܒ݂ܵܐ (bar ṭāḇā)
• ܛܵܒ݂ (ṭāḇ)
• ܛܵܒ݂ ܓܲܕܵܐ (ṭāḇ gaddā)
• ܛܵܒ݂ ܛܵܒ݂ (ṭāḇ ṭāḇ)
• ܛܵܒ݂ܘܼܬ݂ܵܐ (ṭāḇūṯā)
• ܛܵܒ݂ܵܐܝܼܬ݂ (ṭāḇāˀīṯ)
• ܝܵܘܡܵܐ ܛܵܒ݂ܵܐ (yāwmā ṭāḇā)
• ܫܸܡܵܐ ܛܵܒ݂ܵܐ (šimmā ṭāḇā)

 

Interjection

ܛܵܒ݂ܵܐ • (ṭāḇā)

1. OK/okay, right, good

   ܛܵܒ݂ܵܐ، ܒܸܬ ܟܵܬ݂ܒ݂ܹܢ ܠܹܗ. ― ṭāḇā, bit kāṯḇēn lēh. ― Okay, I will write it down.

Verb

ܛܵܒ݂ܹܐ • (ṭāḇē) (present participle ܛܒ݂ܵܝܵܐ (ṭḇāyā), past participle ܛܸܒ݂ܝܵܐ (ṭiḇyā))

1. to have worth, value, be worthy or suitable

   ܠܵܐ ܟܹܐ ܛܵܒ݂ܹܝܬ ܠܡܸܢܕܝܼ! ― lā kē ṭāḇēt l-mindī! ― You are worthless! (literally, “You don’t have worth for anything!”)

   ܠܵܐ ܟܹܐ ܛܵܒ݂ܝܵܐ ― lā kē ṭāḇyā ― It’s not worth it; It’s not necessary. (literally, “It doesn’t have worth.”)

   ܗܵܠܹܝܢ ܠܒ݂ܘܼܫܹ̈ܐ ܠܵܐ ܟܹܐ ܛܵܒ݂ܝܼܢ݇, ܟܹܐ ܒܵܥܲܚ ܠܲܢ ܝܲܬܝܼܪ ܥܲܒ݂ܝܹ̈ܐ ― hālēn lḇūšē lā kē ṭāḇī, kē bāˁaḥ lan yatīr ˁaḇyē ― These clothes are not suitable, we need thicker clothes.

Conjugation

Conjugation of ܛܵܒ݂ܹܐ (ṭāḇē)

		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
past	m	ܛܒ݂ܹܐ ܠܝܼ (ṭḇē lī)	ܛܒ݂ܹܐ ܠܘܼܟ݂ (ṭḇē lūḵ)	ܛܒ݂ܹܐ ܠܹܗ (ṭḇē lēh)	ܛܒ݂ܹܐ ܠܲܢ (ṭḇē lan)	ܛܒ݂ܹܐ ܠܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (ṭḇē lāwḵōn)	ܛܒ݂ܹܐ ܠܗܘܿܢ (ṭḇē lhōn)
	f		ܛܒ݂ܹܐ ܠܵܟ݂ܝ (ṭḇē lāḵ)	ܛܒ݂ܹܐ ܠܵܗ̇ (ṭḇē lāh)
non-past	m	ܛܵܒ݂ܹܝܢ (ṭāḇēn)	ܛܵܒ݂ܹܝܬ (ṭāḇēt)	ܛܵܒ݂ܹܐ (ṭāḇē)	ܛܵܒ݂ܲܚ (ṭāḇaḥ)	ܛܵܒ݂ܹܝܬܘܿܢ (ṭāḇētōn)	ܛܵܒ݂ܝܼ (ṭāḇī)
	f	ܛܵܒ݂ܝܵܢ (ṭāḇyān)	ܛܵܒ݂ܝܵܬܝ (ṭāḇyāt)	ܛܵܒ݂ܝܵܐ (ṭāḇyā)
imperative	m		ܛܒ݂ܝܼ (ṭḇī)			ܛܒ݂ܹܝܡܘܼܢ (ṭḇēmūn)
	f		ܛܒ݂ܹܐ (ṭḇē)

Etymology 2

Root
ܛ ܒ ܒ (ṭ b b)
2 terms

From Aramaic טֵבָּא (ṭebbā)

Pronunciation

• (Standard) IPA^(key): [tˤɪb.bɑː] (singular)

  IPA^(key): [tˤɪb.bɑː] (plural)

Noun

ܛܸܒܵܐ • (ṭibbā) m (plural ܛܸܒܹ̈ܐ (ṭibbē))

1. (in the plural) news, tidings
2. report, message, knowledge
3. rumor/rumour, saying, story
4. (grammar) predicate

Inflection

Inflection of ܛܸܒܵܐ (ṭibbā)

number	isolated forms		with possessive pronouns
	state	form	person	singular		plural
				m	f
singular	absolute	–	1st person	ܛܸܒܝܼ (ṭibī)		ܛܸܒܲܢ (ṭibban)
	construct	ܛܸܒ (ṭib)	2nd person	ܛܸܒܘܼܟ݂ (ṭibūḵ)	ܛܸܒܵܟ݂ܝ (ṭibbāḵ)	ܛܸܒܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (ṭibbāwḵōn)
	emphatic	ܛܸܒܵܐ (ṭibbā)	3rd person	ܛܸܒܹܗ (ṭibbēh)	ܛܸܒܵܗ̇ (ṭibbāh)	ܛܸܒܗܘܿܢ (ṭibhōn)
plural	absolute	–	1st person	ܛܸܒܝܼ̈ (ṭibī)		ܛܸܒܲܢ̈ (ṭibban)
	construct	ܛܸܒܲܝ̈ (ṭibbay)	2nd person	ܛܸܒܘܼ̈ܟ݂ (ṭibūḵ)	ܛܸܒܵܟ݂ܝ̈ (ṭibbāḵ)	ܛܸܒܵܘ̈ܟ݂ܘܿܢ (ṭibbāwḵōn)
	emphatic	ܛܸܒܹ̈ܐ (ṭibbē)	3rd person	ܛܸܒܘܼ̈ܗܝ (ṭibūh)	ܛܸܒ̈ܘܿܗ̇ (ṭibbōh)	ܛܸܒܗ̈ܘܿܢ (ṭibhōn)

Etymology 3

Pronunciation

• (Standard) IPA^(key): [tˤəweː]

Noun

ܛܒ݂ܹܐ • (ṭḇē) m sg (feminine ܛܒ݂ܝܼܬ݂ (ṭḇīṯ), plural ܛܲܒ݂ܝܲܝ̈ (ṭaḇyay))

1. construct state singular of ܛܲܒ݂ܝܵܐ (ṭaḇyā, “gazelle”)

Classical Syriac

Etymology 1

From the root ܛ-ܘ-ܒ (ṭ-w-b) related to being good, the adjective being from Proto-Semitic *ṭāb-.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [tˤɑvɑ] (in the singular)
• IPA^(key): [tˤɑve] (in the plural)

Adjective

ܛܒܐ • (ṭāḇā) m (plural ܛܒܐ, singular feminine counterpart ܛܒܬܐ)

1. good, pleasant
2. valuable, precious
3. excellent, honourable
4. useful
5. equivalent
6. strong
7. happy, joyful
8. beautiful
9. kind, gracious, benevolent, beneficent, favourable
10. (botany) cultivated

Inflection

    declension of ܛܒܐ

masculine	singular	plural
absolute	ܛܒ	ܛܒܝܢ
construct	ܛܒ	ܛܒܝ
emphatic	ܛܒܐ	ܛܒܐ
feminine	singular	plural
absolute	ܛܒܐ	ܛܒܢ
construct	ܛܒܬ	ܛܒܬ
emphatic	ܛܒܬܐ	ܛܒܬܐ

Noun

ܛܒܐ • (transliteration needed) m (plural ܛܒܐ)

1. good, goodness, excellence
2. virtue, benefit
3. kindness, benevolence
4. prosperity
5. (in the plural) notable persons

Inflection

    inflection of ܛܒܐ

state	singular	plural
absolute	ܛܒ	ܛܒܝܢ
construct	ܛܒ	ܛܒܝ
emphatic	ܛܒܐ	ܛܒܐ
possessive forms
1st c. sg. (my)	ܛܒܝ	ܛܒܝ
2nd m. sg. (your)	ܛܒܟ	ܛܒܝܟ
2nd f. sg. (your)	ܛܒܟܝ	ܛܒܝܟܝ
3rd m. sg. (his)	ܛܒܗ	ܛܒܘܗܝ
3rd f. sg. (her)	ܛܒܗ	ܛܒܝܗ
1st c. pl. (our)	ܛܒܢ	ܛܒܝܢ
2nd m. pl. (your)	ܛܒܟܘܢ	ܛܒܝܟܘܢ
2nd f. pl. (your)	ܛܒܟܝܢ	ܛܒܝܟܝܢ
3rd m. pl. (their)	ܛܒܗܘܢ	ܛܒܝܗܘܢ
3rd f. pl. (their)	ܛܒܗܝܢ	ܛܒܝܗܝܢ

Etymology 2

From the root ܛ-ܒ-ܒ (ṭ-b-b) related to informing. The sense of "predicate" is a calque of Arabic خَبَر (ḵabar).

Alternative forms

• ܛܐܒܐ

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [tˤɛbbɑ] (singular)
• IPA^(key): [tˤɛbbe] (plural)

Noun

ܛܒܐ • (transliteration needed) m (plural ܛܒܐ)

1. message, report, news, tidings, knowledge
2. rumor/rumour, saying, story
3. fame
4. thing, affair
5. (grammar) predicate

Inflection

    inflection of ܛܒܐ

state	singular	plural
absolute	ܛܒ	ܛܒܝܢ
construct	ܛܒ	ܛܒܝ
emphatic	ܛܒܐ	ܛܒܐ
possessive forms
1st c. sg. (my)	ܛܒܝ	ܛܒܝ
2nd m. sg. (your)	ܛܒܟ	ܛܒܝܟ
2nd f. sg. (your)	ܛܒܟܝ	ܛܒܝܟܝ
3rd m. sg. (his)	ܛܒܗ	ܛܒܘܗܝ
3rd f. sg. (her)	ܛܒܗ	ܛܒܝܗ
1st c. pl. (our)	ܛܒܢ	ܛܒܝܢ
2nd m. pl. (your)	ܛܒܟܘܢ	ܛܒܝܟܘܢ
2nd f. pl. (your)	ܛܒܟܝܢ	ܛܒܝܟܝܢ
3rd m. pl. (their)	ܛܒܗܘܢ	ܛܒܝܗܘܢ
3rd f. pl. (their)	ܛܒܗܝܢ	ܛܒܝܗܝܢ

Etymology 3

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [tˤ(ə)ve]

Noun

ܛܒܐ • (transliteration needed)

1. absolute singular of ܛܒܝܐ
2. construct state singular of ܛܒܝܐ

References

• “ṭb”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
• Costaz, Louis (2002) Dictionnaire syriaque-français ∙ Syriac–English Dictionary ∙ قاموس سرياني-عربي, 3rd edition, Beirut: Dar El-Machreq, pages 121b-123a
• Payne Smith, Jessie (1903) A Compendious Syriac Dictionary Founded Upon the Thesaurus Syriacus of R. Payne Smith, D.D., Oxford: Clarendon Press, pages 165a-166a
• Sokoloff, Michael (2009) A Syriac Lexicon: A Translation from the Latin, Correction, Expansion, and Update of C. Brockelmann's Lexicon Syriacum, Winona Lake, Indiana, Piscataway, New Jersey: Eisenbrauns; Gorgias Press, pages 507b-508a