सन

See also: सुन, सूनु, सेना, सानो, सीना, सोना, and सोने

Hindi

Pronunciation

• (Delhi Hindi) IPA^(key): /sən/, [sɐ̃n]

Etymology 1

Inherited from Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀲𑀡 (saṇa), from Sanskrit शण (śaṇá, “a kind of hemp”).

Noun

सन • (san) m

1. flax

Declension

Declension of सन (masc cons-stem)

	singular	plural
direct	सन san	सन san
oblique	सन san	सनों sanõ
vocative	सन san	सनो sano

Etymology 2

Inherited from Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀲𑀡 (saṇa), from Sanskrit स्वन (svaná, “sound”), from Proto-Indo-European *swenh₂- (“to sound”). Likely influenced by onomatopoeia in all senses, and सन्न (sann) in the figurative senses. Related to English sound and Spanish sonar.

Noun

सन • (san) f (Urdu spelling سن)

1. a vibrant and insistent sound, whizzing, whistling, jingling
2. (figurative) thrill (of delight)
3. (figurative) darting pain (as of a boil)

Declension

Declension of सन (fem cons-stem)

	singular	plural
direct	सन san	सनें sanẽ
oblique	सन san	सनों sanõ
vocative	सन san	सनो sano

Related terms

• सनक (sanak)
• सनकना (sanaknā)
• सनकी (sankī)
• सनकीपन (sankīpan)
• सनसन (sansan)
• सनसनाना (sanasnānā)
• सनसनाहट (sanasnāhaṭ)
• सनसनी (sansanī)
• सनसनीख़ेज़ (sansanīxez)
• सनसनीदार (sansanīdār)

 

References

• McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993) “सन”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• সন (Assamese script)
• ᬲᬦ (Balinese script)
• সন (Bengali script)
• 𑰭𑰡 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀲𑀦 (Brahmi script)
• သန (Burmese script)
• સન (Gujarati script)
• ਸਨ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌸𑌨 (Grantha script)
• ꦱꦤ (Javanese script)
• 𑂮𑂢 (Kaithi script)
• ಸನ (Kannada script)
• សន (Khmer script)
• ສນ (Lao script)
• സന (Malayalam script)
• ᠰᠠᠨᠠ (Manchu script)
• 𑘭𑘡 (Modi script)
• ᠰᠠᠨᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
• 𑧍𑧁 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐳𑐣 (Newa script)
• ସନ (Odia script)
• ꢱꢥ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆱𑆤 (Sharada script)
• 𑖭𑖡 (Siddham script)
• සන (Sinhalese script)
• 𑪁𑩯 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚨𑚝 (Takri script)
• ஸந (Tamil script)
• సన (Telugu script)
• สน (Thai script)
• ས་ན (Tibetan script)
• 𑒮𑒢 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨰𑨝 (Zanabazar Square script)

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /sɐ́.nɐ/
• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈs̪ɐ.n̪ɐ/

Etymology 1

PIE word
*sénos

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *sánas, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *sánas, from Proto-Indo-European *sénos (“old”). Cognate with Ancient Greek ἕνος (hénos), Old Armenian հին (hin), Gothic 𐍃𐌹𐌽𐌴𐌹𐌲𐍃 (sineigs), Lithuanian sẽnas, Latvian sens, and Latin senex (whence English senex).

Adjective

सन • (sána) stem

1. old, ancient
2. long-lasting

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of सन (sána)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	सनः sánaḥ	सनौ / सना¹ sánau / sánā¹	सनाः / सनासः¹ sánāḥ / sánāsaḥ¹
Vocative	सन sána	सनौ / सना¹ sánau / sánā¹	सनाः / सनासः¹ sánāḥ / sánāsaḥ¹
Accusative	सनम् sánam	सनौ / सना¹ sánau / sánā¹	सनान् sánān
Instrumental	सनेन sánena	सनाभ्याम् sánābhyām	सनैः / सनेभिः¹ sánaiḥ / sánebhiḥ¹
Dative	सनाय sánāya	सनाभ्याम् sánābhyām	सनेभ्यः sánebhyaḥ
Ablative	सनात् sánāt	सनाभ्याम् sánābhyām	सनेभ्यः sánebhyaḥ
Genitive	सनस्य sánasya	सनयोः sánayoḥ	सनानाम् sánānām
Locative	सने sáne	सनयोः sánayoḥ	सनेषु sáneṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Feminine ā-stem declension of सना (sánā)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	सना sánā	सने sáne	सनाः sánāḥ
Vocative	सने sáne	सने sáne	सनाः sánāḥ
Accusative	सनाम् sánām	सने sáne	सनाः sánāḥ
Instrumental	सनया / सना¹ sánayā / sánā¹	सनाभ्याम् sánābhyām	सनाभिः sánābhiḥ
Dative	सनायै sánāyai	सनाभ्याम् sánābhyām	सनाभ्यः sánābhyaḥ
Ablative	सनायाः / सनायै² sánāyāḥ / sánāyai²	सनाभ्याम् sánābhyām	सनाभ्यः sánābhyaḥ
Genitive	सनायाः / सनायै² sánāyāḥ / sánāyai²	सनयोः sánayoḥ	सनानाम् sánānām
Locative	सनायाम् sánāyām	सनयोः sánayoḥ	सनासु sánāsu
Notes	¹Vedic ²Brāhmaṇas

Neuter a-stem declension of सन (sána)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	सनम् sánam	सने sáne	सनानि / सना¹ sánāni / sánā¹
Vocative	सन sána	सने sáne	सनानि / सना¹ sánāni / sánā¹
Accusative	सनम् sánam	सने sáne	सनानि / सना¹ sánāni / sánā¹
Instrumental	सनेन sánena	सनाभ्याम् sánābhyām	सनैः / सनेभिः¹ sánaiḥ / sánebhiḥ¹
Dative	सनाय sánāya	सनाभ्याम् sánābhyām	सनेभ्यः sánebhyaḥ
Ablative	सनात् sánāt	सनाभ्याम् sánābhyām	सनेभ्यः sánebhyaḥ
Genitive	सनस्य sánasya	सनयोः sánayoḥ	सनानाम् sánānām
Locative	सने sáne	सनयोः sánayoḥ	सनेषु sáneṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Derived terms

• सनक (sanaka)
• सनकात् (sanakāt)
• सनज (sanaja)
• सना (sanā)
• सनातन (sanātana)
• सनात् (sanāt)

 

Etymology 2

From the root सन् (san). Cognate with Ancient Greek ἀνύω (anúō, “cause, accomplish”), the source of authentic (see αὐθέντης (authéntēs)).

Noun

सन • (sána) stem, m

1. gain, acquisition
2. presenting, offering

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of सन (sána)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	सनः sánaḥ	सनौ / सना¹ sánau / sánā¹	सनाः / सनासः¹ sánāḥ / sánāsaḥ¹
Vocative	सन sána	सनौ / सना¹ sánau / sánā¹	सनाः / सनासः¹ sánāḥ / sánāsaḥ¹
Accusative	सनम् sánam	सनौ / सना¹ sánau / sánā¹	सनान् sánān
Instrumental	सनेन sánena	सनाभ्याम् sánābhyām	सनैः / सनेभिः¹ sánaiḥ / sánebhiḥ¹
Dative	सनाय sánāya	सनाभ्याम् sánābhyām	सनेभ्यः sánebhyaḥ
Ablative	सनात् sánāt	सनाभ्याम् sánābhyām	सनेभ्यः sánebhyaḥ
Genitive	सनस्य sánasya	सनयोः sánayoḥ	सनानाम् sánānām
Locative	सने sáne	सनयोः sánayoḥ	सनेषु sáneṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Etymology 3

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

सन • (sána) stem, m

1. the flapping of an elephant's ears
2. (botany) Bignonia suaveolens or Terminalia tomentosa

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of सन (sána)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	सनः sánaḥ	सनौ / सना¹ sánau / sánā¹	सनाः / सनासः¹ sánāḥ / sánāsaḥ¹
Vocative	सन sána	सनौ / सना¹ sánau / sánā¹	सनाः / सनासः¹ sánāḥ / sánāsaḥ¹
Accusative	सनम् sánam	सनौ / सना¹ sánau / sánā¹	सनान् sánān
Instrumental	सनेन sánena	सनाभ्याम् sánābhyām	सनैः / सनेभिः¹ sánaiḥ / sánebhiḥ¹
Dative	सनाय sánāya	सनाभ्याम् sánābhyām	सनेभ्यः sánebhyaḥ
Ablative	सनात् sánāt	सनाभ्याम् sánābhyām	सनेभ्यः sánebhyaḥ
Genitive	सनस्य sánasya	सनयोः sánayoḥ	सनानाम् sánānām
Locative	सने sáne	सनयोः sánayoḥ	सनेषु sáneṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

References

• Monier Williams (1899) “सन”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 1140.