स्फुट्

Sanskrit

Alternative forms

• स्फट् (sphaṭ), स्फोट् (sphoṭ)

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• স্ফুট্ (Assamese script)
• ᬲ᭄ᬨᬸᬝ᭄ (Balinese script)
• স্ফুট্ (Bengali script)
• 𑰭𑰿𑰣𑰲𑰘𑰿 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀲𑁆𑀨𑀼𑀝𑁆 (Brahmi script)
• သ္ဖုဋ် (Burmese script)
• સ્ફુટ્ (Gujarati script)
• ਸ੍ਫੁਟ੍ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌸𑍍𑌫𑍁𑌟𑍍 (Grantha script)
• ꦱ꧀ꦦꦸꦛ꧀ (Javanese script)
• 𑂮𑂹𑂤𑂳𑂗𑂹 (Kaithi script)
• ಸ್ಫುಟ್ (Kannada script)
• ស្ផុដ៑ (Khmer script)
• ສ຺ຜຸຏ຺ (Lao script)
• സ്ഫുട് (Malayalam script)
• ᠰᡦᡠᢞ (Manchu script)
• 𑘭𑘿𑘣𑘳𑘘𑘿 (Modi script)
• ᠰᠹᠤᢌ (Mongolian script)
• 𑧍𑧠𑧃𑧔𑦸𑧠 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐳𑑂𑐦𑐸𑐚𑑂 (Newa script)
• ସ୍ଫୁଟ୍ (Odia script)
• ꢱ꣄ꢧꢸꢜ꣄ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆱𑇀𑆦𑆶𑆛𑇀 (Sharada script)
• 𑖭𑖿𑖣𑖲𑖘𑖿 (Siddham script)
• ස‍්ඵුට් (Sinhalese script)
• 𑪁 𑪙𑩱𑩒𑩦 𑪙 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚨𑚶𑚟𑚰𑚔𑚶 (Takri script)
• ஸ்பு²ட் (Tamil script)
• స్ఫుట్ (Telugu script)
• สฺผุฏฺ (Thai script)
• སྥུ་ཊ྄ (Tibetan script)
• 𑒮𑓂𑒤𑒳𑒙𑓂 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨰𑩇𑨟𑨃𑨔𑨴 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

Traditionally derived from Proto-Indo-European *(s)bʰel- or *(s)pel- (“to split”) with a *-t- extension, and compared with Old Church Slavonic рас-плитати (ras-plitati, “to cleave, split”), Old English speld (“splinter”), English split. It is also possible that the root is related to फल् (phal, “to burst, cleave open”) instead, or is of onomatopoeic origin.

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /spʰuʈ/
• (Classical) IPA^(key): /s̪pʰuʈ/

Root

स्फुट् • (sphuṭ)

1. to burst, become suddenly rent asunder, split open (with a sound, part asunder
2. to expand, blossom, bloom
3. to disperse, run away
4. to crack (as the joints of the fingers)
5. to crackle (as fire)
6. to burst into view, appear suddenly
7. to abate (as a disease)
8. to make clear or evident
9. to burst or rend suddenly, break, split, divide
10. to put out (eyes)
11. to shake, wag, brandish
12. to push aside (a bolt)
13. to hurt, destroy, kill
14. to winnow

Derived terms

• स्फुटति (sphuṭáti)
• स्फोटति (sphóṭati)
• स्फुट (sphuṭá)

 

References

• Monier Williams (1899) “स्फुट्”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 1270/2.
• William Dwight Whitney, 1885, The Roots, Verb-forms, and Primary Derivatives of the Sanskrit Language, Leipzig: Breitkopf and Härtel, page 197
• Otto Böhtlingk, Richard Schmidt (1879-1928) “स्फुट्”, in Walter Slaje, Jürgen Hanneder, Paul Molitor, Jörg Ritter, editors, Nachtragswörterbuch des Sanskrit [Dictionary of Sanskrit with supplements] (in German), Halle-Wittenberg: Martin-Luther-Universität, published 2016
• Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎^[1] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 778-9
• Mayrhofer, Manfred (2001) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎^[2] (in German), volume 3, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 543
• Arthur Anthony Macdonell (1893) “स्फुट्”, in A practical Sanskrit dictionary with transliteration, accentuation, and etymological analysis throughout, London: Oxford University Press

• Mallory, J. P. with Adams, D. Q. (2006) The Oxford Introduction to Proto-Indo-European and the Proto-Indo-European World (Oxford Linguistics), New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 375
• Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 577
• Pokorny, Julius (1959) chapter 0986, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 0986