嘉

嘉 U+5609, 嘉 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5609 ← 嘈 [U+5608] CJK Unified Ideographs 嘊 → [U+560A]

Translingual

Han character

嘉 (Kangxi radical 30, 口+11, 14 strokes, cangjie input 土口廿口 (GRTR) or 難土口廿口 (XGRTR), four-corner 4046₁, composition ⿱壴加)

Derived characters

• 䕒, 𠏼, 𡣗, 𤀺, 𤐵, 𤪘

Descendants

• 𛀛

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 205, character 7
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 4176
• Dae Jaweon: page 427, character 25
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 672, character 11
• Unihan data for U+5609

Chinese

simp. and trad.		嘉

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (加) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
妿	*kaːl, *qaːl
賀	*ɡaːls
迦	*ka, *kal, *kraːl
茄	*ɡa, *ɡal, *kraːl
伽	*ɡa, *ɡal
枷	*ɡa, *ɡal, *kraːl
嘉	*kraːl
加	*kraːl
笳	*kraːl
痂	*kraːl
袈	*kraːl
跏	*kraːl
珈	*kraːl
鴐	*kraːl
架	*kraːls
駕	*kraːls
瘸	*ɡʷal

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *kraːl): semantic 壴 + phonetic 加 (OC *kraːl).

Etymology

Related to Burmese ကဲ (kai:, “to overdo, exceed”) (Hill, 2019).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): jiā (jia¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄚ

  (Xi'an, Guanzhong Pinyin): jiǎ

• Cantonese

  (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): gaa¹

  (Dongguan, Jyutping++): gaa¹

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): ga¹

• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): kâ

  (Hailu, HRS): ga^ˋ

  (Meixian, Guangdong): ga¹

• Jin (Wiktionary): jia¹
• Northern Min (KCR): gá
• Eastern Min (BUC): gă
• Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): ga¹
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): ka / kee

  (Teochew, Peng'im): gia¹

• Southern Pinghua (Nanning, Jyutping++): gaa¹
• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ¹ka; ¹cia
• Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): jia¹

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: jiā
    • Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄚ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jia
    • Wade–Giles: chia¹
    • Yale: jyā
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jia
    • Palladius: цзя (czja)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵/
  • (Xi'an)
    • Guanzhong Pinyin: jiǎ
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕia²¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: gaa¹
    • Yale: gā
    • Cantonese Pinyin: gaa¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: ga¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kaː⁵⁵/
  • (Dongguan, Guancheng)
    • Jyutping++: gaa¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ka²¹³/
  • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
    • Wiktionary: ga¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ka³³/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kâ
    • Hakka Romanization System: ga^ˊ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: ga¹
    • Sinological IPA: /ka²⁴/
  • (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
    • Hakka Romanization System: ga^ˋ
    • Sinological IPA: /ka⁵³/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: ga¹
    • Sinological IPA: /ka⁴⁴/
• Jin
  • (Taiyuan)⁺
    • Wiktionary: jia¹
    • Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡ɕia¹¹/
• Northern Min
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: gá
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ka⁵⁴/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: gă
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ka⁵⁵/
• Puxian Min
  • (Putian, Xianyou)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: ga¹
    • Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: ga
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ka⁵³³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ka
    • Tâi-lô: ka
    • Phofsit Daibuun: kaf
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /ka³³/
    • IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung, Xiamen): /ka⁴⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kee
    • Tâi-lô: kee
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /kɛ⁴⁴/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: gia¹
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kia
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kia³³/
• Southern Pinghua
  • (Nanning Pinghua, Tingzi)
    • Jyutping++: gaa¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ka⁵³/
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ¹ka; ¹cia
    • MiniDict: ka^平; cia^平
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ¹ka; ¹jia
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ka⁵³/, /t͡ɕia⁵³/

Note:

• 1ka - vernacular;
• 1jia - literary.

• Xiang
  • (Changsha)
    • Wiktionary: jia¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕi̯a̠³³/

---

• Middle Chinese: kae

Rime
Character	嘉
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	麻 (98)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	II
Fanqie	古牙切
Baxter	kae
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kˠa/
Pan Wuyun	/kᵚa/
Shao Rongfen	/ka/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kaɨ/
Li Rong	/ka/
Wang Li	/ka/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ka/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	jiā
Expected Cantonese Reflex	gaa1

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*kˤ<r>aj/

  (Zhengzhang): /*kraːl/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	嘉
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	jiā
Middle Chinese	‹ kæ ›
Old Chinese	/*kˁ<r>aj/
English	excellent
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	嘉
Reading #	1/1
No.	5872
Phonetic component	加
Rime group	歌
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	嘉
Old Chinese	/*kraːl/

Definitions

嘉

1. excellent; good

   嘉賓／嘉宾  ―  jiābīn  ―  guest

2. auspicious
3. to praise, commend

   勇氣可嘉／勇气可嘉  ―  yǒngqì kějiā  ―  commendable courage

Compounds

• 南有嘉魚 / 南有嘉鱼
• 可嘉 (kějiā)
• 嘉偶天成
• 嘉勉 (jiāmiǎn)
• 嘉南大圳
• 嘉南平原
• 嘉名
• 嘉問 / 嘉问
• 嘉客
• 嘉寶 / 嘉宝 (Jiābǎo)
• 嘉尚
• 嘉峪關 / 嘉峪关 (Jiāyùguān)
• 嘉平
• 嘉年華會 / 嘉年华会
• 嘉惠
• 嘉慶 / 嘉庆 (Jiāqìng)
• 嘉戎 (Jiāróng)
• 嘉會 / 嘉会
• 嘉歲 / 嘉岁
• 嘉殽 / 嘉淆 (jiāyáo)
• 嘉澍
• 嘉獎 / 嘉奖 (jiājiǎng)
• 嘉玉
• 嘉石
• 嘉祐
• 嘉祐四友
• 嘉祐集
• 嘉禮 / 嘉礼 (jiālǐ)
• 嘉禾 (jiāhé)
• 嘉穀 / 嘉谷
• 嘉義 / 嘉义 (Jiāyì)
• 嘉耦
• 嘉肴 (jiāyáo)
• 嘉興 / 嘉兴 (Jiāxīng)
• 嘉蔬
• 嘉言 (jiāyán)
• 嘉言善行
• 嘉言懿行
• 嘉許 / 嘉许 (jiāxǔ)
• 嘉話 / 嘉话
• 嘉謨 / 嘉谟
• 嘉貺 / 嘉贶
• 嘉賓 / 嘉宾 (jiābīn)
• 嘉釀 / 嘉酿
• 嘉陵江 (Jiālíng Jiāng)
• 嘉靖 (Jiājìng)
• 嘉魚 / 嘉鱼 (Jiāyú)
• 嘉麗妹妹 / 嘉丽妹妹
• 孔嘉
• 孝行可嘉
• 孟嘉落帽
• 強飯為嘉 / 强饭为嘉
• 忠言嘉謨 / 忠言嘉谟
• 旨酒嘉肴
• 柔嘉
• 永嘉 (Yǒngjiā)
• 永嘉之亂 / 永嘉之乱 (Yǒngjiā Zhī Luàn)
• 百嘉
• 盈車嘉穗 / 盈车嘉穗
• 科西嘉 (Kēxījiā)
• 精神可嘉
• 落帽孟嘉
• 讜言嘉論 / 谠言嘉论
• 阿斯嘉特 (Āsījiātè)

Japanese

Kanji

嘉

(Jinmeiyō kanji)

1. praise
2. auspicious

Readings

• Go-on: け (ke)
• Kan-on: か (ka)
• Kun: よみする (yomisuru, 嘉する)、よい (yoi, 嘉い)
• Nanori: ひろ (hiro)、よし (yoshi)、よしみ (yoshimi)、かず (kazu)、よ (yo)

Korean

Hanja

嘉 (eumhun 아름다울 가 (areumdaul ga))

1. beautiful
2. happy, joyous

Vietnamese

Han character

嘉: Hán Việt readings: gia
嘉: Nôm readings: gia

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