Wiktionary

加

See also: 叻 and 另
加 U+52A0, 加
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-52A0
← 功
[U+529F] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 务 →
[U+52A1]

Translingual edit

Han character edit

加 (Kangxi radical 19, 力+3, 5 strokes, cangjie input 大尸口 (KSR), four-corner 46000, composition ⿰力口)

Derived characters edit

Descendants edit

References edit

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 146, character 13
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 2297
  • Dae Jaweon: page 329, character 2
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 366, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+52A0

Chinese edit

simp. and trad.
 加

Glyph origin edit

Historical forms of the character 加
Western Zhou Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions Chu slip and silk script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
       
Characters in the same phonetic series (加) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
妿 *kaːl, *qaːl
賀 *ɡaːls
迦 *ka, *kal, *kraːl
茄 *ɡa, *ɡal, *kraːl
伽 *ɡa, *ɡal
枷 *ɡa, *ɡal, *kraːl
嘉 *kraːl
加 *kraːl
笳 *kraːl
痂 *kraːl
袈 *kraːl
跏 *kraːl
珈 *kraːl
鴐 *kraːl
架 *kraːls
駕 *kraːls
瘸 *ɡʷal

According to Shuowen, ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 力 (“plow”) + 口 (“mouth”) — a mouth ordering a cow over a plow.

Etymology edit

駕 (OC *kraːls, “to yoke”) is the exopassive of 加 (OC *kraːl, “to add; to attach”) (Schuessler, 2007). Cognate with Tibetan ཁྲལ (khral, “to impose a tax”).

Pronunciation edit

Note:
  • ka - literary;
  • ke/kee - vernacular.
Note:
  • gia1 - literary;
  • gê1 - vernacular.
Rime
Character 加
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 見 (28)
Final (韻) 麻 (98)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) II
Fanqie 古牙切
Baxter kae
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/kˠa/
Pan
Wuyun 		/kᵚa/
Shao
Rongfen 		/ka/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/kaɨ/
Li
Rong 		/ka/
Wang
Li 		/ka/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/ka/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		jiā
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		gaa1
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 加
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		jiā
Middle
Chinese 		‹ kæ ›
Old
Chinese 		/*kˁraj/
English add

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 加
Reading # 1/1
No. 5873
Phonetic
component 		加
Rime
group 		歌
Rime
subdivision 		1
Corresponding
MC rime 		嘉
Old
Chinese 		/*kraːl/

Definitions edit

加

  1. to put on top of another object
  2. to add; to put in
    加鹽／加盐  ―  jiā yán  ―  to add salt
  3. to increase; to raise
  4. to impose; to foist; to grant
  5. placed after a monosyllabic adverb to indicate an increase in the degree; more
  6. (arithmetic) to add
    Antonym: 減／减 (jiǎn)
  7. (social media) to friend
    掃碼加我／扫码加我  ―  sǎomǎ jiā wǒ  ―  scan the QR code to friend me
    加你微信  ―  jiā nǐ Wēixìn  ―  to add your WeChat
  8. Short for 加拿大 (Jiānádà, “Canada”).
  9. a surname

Synonyms edit

  • (to add): 添 (tiān), (colloquial) 續／续 (xù)
  • (to increase):
  • (to friend): (Hong Kong Cantonese) add

Compounds edit

References edit

Japanese edit

Kanji edit

加

(grade 4 “Kyōiku” kanji)

  1. add, addition, increase
  2. Canada

Readings edit

Compounds edit

Compounds

Etymology edit

Kanji in this term
加
か
Grade: 4
kan’on

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

加(か) • (ka) 

  1. addition

Affix edit

加(か) • (ka) 

  1. addition
  2. Short for カナダ (“Canada (a country)”).
  3. (US) Short for 加州 (“California (a state of the United States)”).

Korean edit

Hanja edit

加 (eumhun 더할 가 (deohal ga))

  1. Hanja form? of 가 (“to add”).

Compounds edit

  1. 加入 (가입)
  2. 加濕機 (가습기)
  3. 追加 (추가)
  4. 增加 (증가)
  5. 參加 (참가)
  6. 添加 (첨가)

Vietnamese edit

Han character edit

加: Hán Nôm readings: gia[1], chơ[2]

  1. (chiefly in compounds) to increase, to add

References edit

  1. ^ Trần (1999).
  2. ^ Trần (2004).
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