Wiktionary

解

See also: 觧 and 𭷔
解 U+89E3, 解
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-89E3
← 觢
[U+89E2] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 觤 →
[U+89E4]

Translingual

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Stroke order
 

Han character

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解 (Kangxi radical 148, 角+6, 13 strokes, cangjie input 弓月尸竹手 (NBSHQ), four-corner 27252, composition ⿰角𭷔)

Derived characters

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1142, character 1
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 35067
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1608, character 22
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3925, character 10
  • Unihan data for U+89E3

Chinese

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trad. 解
simp. # 解
2nd round simp. 𭷔
alternative forms 觧

Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character 解
Shang Western Zhou Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
       
Characters in the same phonetic series (解) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
薢 *kreː, *kreːʔ, *kreːs
解 *kreːʔ, *kreːs, *ɡreːʔ, *ɡreːs
檞 *kreːʔ
懈 *kreːs
繲 *kreːs
廨 *kreːs
蟹 *ɡreːʔ
獬 *ɡreːʔ
澥 *ɡreːʔ
嶰 *ɡreːʔ
邂 *ɡreːs

Ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意): 角 (“horn”) + 刀 (“knife”) + 牛 (“cow”) – a knife separates a horn from a cow, i.e. “cut up (an ox)”.

Etymology

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Three pronunciations are cognate. "To loosen; to disengage" > "idle, lazy, remiss". Cognate with 懈 (OC *kreːs, “lazy, remiss”) and possibly 邂逅 (OC *ɡreːs ɡoːs, “carefree and happy”).

? Area stem: *C-re. Compare Burmese ဖြေ (hpre, “to untie; to answer; to ease; to absolve”), အဖြေ (a.hpre, “answer, solution; response; explication”); Khmer រាយ (riəy, “to scatter, to be divided up, to separate”), ស្រាយ (sraay, “to untie, to undo, to explain, to solve”).

Pronunciation 1

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Note:
  • gai3 - colloquial;
  • jiai3 - literary.
Note:
  • Meixian:
    • giai3 - literary;
    • gê3 - vernacular.
Note:
  • gā̤ - colloquial;
  • gāi - literary.
Note:
  • kóe/ké - colloquial;
  • kái - literary.
Note:
  • 6ga - colloquial, to untie (a knot), to saw open;
  • 5ka, 3ka- colloquial, usually used in compounds;
  • 5cia, 3cia - literary.
  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 解 (解開)
Mandarin Beijing /t͡ɕiɛ²¹⁴/
Harbin /kai²¹³/
/t͡ɕiɛ²¹³/
Tianjin /t͡ɕie¹³/
Jinan /t͡ɕiɛ⁵⁵/
Qingdao /t͡ɕiɛ⁵⁵/
Zhengzhou /t͡ɕiɛ⁵⁵/
Xi'an /t͡ɕiɛ⁵³/
Xining /kɛ⁵³/
Yinchuan /kɛ⁵³/
/t͡ɕie⁵³/
Lanzhou /kɛ⁴⁴²/
Ürümqi /t͡ɕiɤ⁵¹/
/kai⁵¹/
Wuhan /t͡ɕie⁴²/ 瓦～
/kai⁴²/ ～手
Chengdu /kai⁵³/
/t͡ɕiai⁵³/
Guiyang /kai⁴²/
Kunming /kæ⁵³/
Nanjing /t͡ɕiɛ²¹²/
Hefei /t͡ɕie̞²⁴/
Jin Taiyuan /t͡ɕie⁵³/
Pingyao /t͡ɕie̞⁵³/
Hohhot /t͡ɕie⁵³/
Wu Shanghai /ka³⁵/
Suzhou /kɑ⁵¹/
Hangzhou /t͡ɕie̞⁵³/
Wenzhou /ka³⁵/
Hui Shexian /t͡ɕia³⁵/
/ka³⁵/
Tunxi /ka³¹/
Xiang Changsha /kai⁴¹/
Xiangtan /kai⁴²/
Gan Nanchang /kai²¹³/
Hakka Meixian /kiai³¹/
Taoyuan /ke³¹/
Cantonese Guangzhou /kai³⁵/
Nanning /kai³⁵/
Hong Kong /kai³⁵/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /kai⁵³/
/kue⁵³/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /kɛ³²/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /kai²¹/
Shantou (Teochew) /koi⁵³/
Haikou (Hainanese) /kɔi²¹³/
Rime
Character 解
Reading # 2/4
Initial (聲) 見 (28)
Final (韻) 佳 (31)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) II
Fanqie 佳買切
Baxter keaX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/kˠɛX/
Pan
Wuyun 		/kᵚæX/
Shao
Rongfen 		/kæiX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/kaɨjX/
Li
Rong 		/kɛX/
Wang
Li 		/kaiX/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/kaiX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		jiǎ
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		gaai2
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 解
Reading # 1/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		jiě
Middle
Chinese 		‹ kɛX ›
Old
Chinese 		/*kˁreʔ/
English cut up; unloose

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 解
Reading # 1/4
No. 6474
Phonetic
component 		解
Rime
group 		支
Rime
subdivision 		0
Corresponding
MC rime 		解
Old
Chinese 		/*kreːʔ/
  This entry needs pronunciation information. If you are familiar with the IPA then please add some!
Particularly: “Dungan”

Definitions

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解

  1. to loosen; to unfasten; to untie
    解開鞋帶／解开鞋带  ―  jiěkāi xiédài  ―  to untie the shoelaces
    解放  ―  jiěfàng  ―  to release; to liberate
    Antonyms: 繫 / 系, 結 / 结
  2. to divide; to break up; to split; to separate
    解析  ―  jiěxī  ―  to break up; to analyse
    分解  ―  fēnjiě  ―  to split; to reduce to components
    解剖  ―  jiěpōu  ―  to dissect
  3. to excrete; to go to the toilet
    小解  ―  xiǎojiě  ―  to empty one's bladder
  4. to remove; to eliminate
    解除  ―  jiěchú  ―  to remove; to undo; to cancel
  5. to dissolve; to become scattered, less substantial, or less visible
    溶解  ―  róngjiě  ―  to dissolve (in a liquid)
  6. to resolve
    解決／解决  ―  jiějué  ―  to solve/resolve (a problem)
    冤家宜解不宜結／冤家宜解不宜结  ―  yuānjiā yí jiě bù yí jié  ―  to resolve conflicts, not to create them
  7. to solve; to find an answer
    未解之謎／未解之谜  ―  wèijiězhīmí  ―  unanswered question
    解題／解题  ―  jiětí  ―  to solve a problem
  8. to explain
    解釋／解释  ―  jiěshì  ―  to explain; to provide the reasons, grounds, etc.
  9. to understand; to interpret
    不解  ―  bùjiě  ―  to not understand; to be perplexed
    解讀／解读  ―  jiědú  ―  to read into; to interpret
  10. (mathematics) solution (Classifier: 個／个)
    近似解  ―  jìnsì jiě  ―  approximate solution
  11. interpretation; explanation; analysis; understanding
    不求甚解  ―  bùqiúshènjiě  ―  "to not run after over-interpretation"
  12. 40th hexagram of the I Ching

Compounds

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Descendants

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Sino-Xenic (解):
  • → Japanese: 解(かい) (kai)
  • → Korean: 해(解) (hae)
  • → Vietnamese: giải (解)

Others:

Pronunciation 2

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Rime
Character 解
Reading # 3/4
Initial (聲) 見 (28)
Final (韻) 佳 (31)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) II
Fanqie 古隘切
Baxter keaH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/kˠɛH/
Pan
Wuyun 		/kᵚæH/
Shao
Rongfen 		/kæiH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/kaɨjH/
Li
Rong 		/kɛH/
Wang
Li 		/kaiH/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/kaiH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		jià
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		gaai3
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 解
Reading # 2/4
No. 6478
Phonetic
component 		解
Rime
group 		支
Rime
subdivision 		0
Corresponding
MC rime 		懈
Old
Chinese 		/*kreːs/

Definitions

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解

  1. to introduce a scholar to the imperial palace
    解元  ―  jièyuán  ―  laureate of local examinations ("foremost among the presented scholars")
  2. to send under escort
    押解  ―  yājiè  ―  to take away under escort
  3. to pawn; to mortgage
  4. to exchange (money)

Compounds

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Descendants

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Pronunciation 3

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Note:
  • hǎi/hāi - literary;
  • ě/ē/ōe - vernacular.
    Rime
    Character 解 解
    Reading # 1/4 4/4
    Initial (聲) 匣 (33) 匣 (33)
    Final (韻) 佳 (31) 佳 (31)
    Tone (調) Rising (X) Departing (H)
    Openness (開合) Open Open
    Division (等) II II
    Fanqie 胡買切 胡懈切
    Baxter heaX heaH
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/ɦˠɛX/ /ɦˠɛH/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/ɦᵚæX/ /ɦᵚæH/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/ɣæiX/ /ɣæiH/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/ɦaɨjX/ /ɦaɨjH/
    Li
    Rong         		/ɣɛX/ /ɣɛH/
    Wang
    Li         		/ɣaiX/ /ɣaiH/
    Bernhard
    Karlgren         		/ɣaiX/ /ɣaiH/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		xià xià
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex         		haai6 haai6
    Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character 解
    Reading # 2/2
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)         		xiè
    Middle
    Chinese         		‹ hɛX ›
    Old
    Chinese         		/*N-kˁreʔ/
    English understand

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 解 解
    Reading # 3/4 4/4
    No. 6483 6488
    Phonetic
    component         		解 解
    Rime
    group         		支 支
    Rime
    subdivision         		0 0
    Corresponding
    MC rime         		蟹 邂
    Old
    Chinese         		/*ɡreːʔ/ /*ɡreːs/

    Definitions

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    解

    1. skills; moves (of martial arts, dance, acrobatics, etc.)
      渾身解數／浑身解数  ―  húnshēnxièshù  ―  all one's skills
    2. (dated, music) to conclude a piece; to complete
    3. Used in 解廌 (xièzhì), alternative form of 獬豸 (xièzhì)
    4. Alternative form of 廨 (xiè, “government office”)
    5. Alternative form of 懈 (xiè, “to relax”)
    6. Xie (place name in Hedong, i.e. 河東, in present-day 運城)
    7. a surname

    Compounds

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    Pronunciation 4

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    Definitions

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    解

    1. Used in 解州 (Xièzhōu).

    References

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    Japanese

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    Kanji

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    解

    (Fifth grade kyōiku kanji)

    1. solution, untie

    Readings

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    Compounds

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    Etymology

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    Kanji in this term
    解
    かい
    Grade: 5
    kan'on

    From Middle Chinese 解 (MC keaX).

    Pronunciation

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    Affix

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    解(かい) • (kai) 

    1. divide; split; separate
    2. untie; loosen; relax; remove
    3. make clear; explain
    4. understand; comprehend
    5. opinion; explanation; solution

    Noun

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    解(かい) • (kai) 

    1. explanation; interpretation
    2. (mathematics) solution
    3. answer; reply (to a given question or problem)

    References

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    1. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

    Korean

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    Hanja

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    解 • (hae, gae) (hangeul 해, 개, revised hae, gae, McCune–Reischauer hae, kae, Yale hay, kay)

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

    Compounds

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    Tày

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    Verb

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    解 (transliteration needed)

    1. Nôm form of cha̱i (“rest;take a break”).

    Vietnamese

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    Han character

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    解: Hán Nôm readings: giải, giãi

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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