ge

See also: Appendix:Variations of "ge"

English

Etymology

Borrowed from Russian гэ (gɛ).

Noun

ge (plural ges)

1. The name of the Cyrillic script letter Г / г.

Basque

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɡe/

Noun

ge inan

1. The name of the Latin-script letter G.

Declension

Declension of ge (inanimate, ending in vowel)
	indefinite	singular	plural
absolutive	ge	gea	geak
ergative	gek	geak	geek
dative	geri	geari	geei
genitive	geren	gearen	geen
comitative	gerekin	gearekin	geekin
causative	gerengatik	gearengatik	geengatik
benefactive	gerentzat	gearentzat	geentzat
instrumental	gez	geaz	geez
inessive	getan	gean	geetan
locative	getako	geko	geetako
allative	getara	gera	geetara
terminative	getaraino	geraino	geetaraino
directive	getarantz	gerantz	geetarantz
destinative	getarako	gerako	geetarako
ablative	getatik	getik	geetatik
partitive	gerik	—	—
prolative	getzat	—	—

See also

• (Latin-script letter names) a, be, ze, de, e, efe, ge, hatxe, i, jota, ka, ele, eme, ene, eñe, o, pe, ku, erre, ese, te, u, uve, uve bikoitz, ixa, i greko, zeta

Catalan

Pronunciation

• Rhymes: -e

Noun

ge f (plural ges)

1. The name of the Latin-script letter G.

Cebuano

Interjection

ge

1. (informal) Short for sige.

Dutch

Alternative forms

• gij

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɣə/

• Audio

  (file)

Pronoun

ge

1. (dialectal, colloquial) unstressed form of gij: you

   Da ge bedankt zeet da witte!

   You know I'm thankful!

Usage notes

See usage notes at gij

Inflection

Dutch personal pronouns

	subject		object		possessive			reflexive	genitive5
singular	full	unstr.	full	unstr.	full	unstr.	pred.
1st person	ik	'k1	mij	me	mijn	m'n1	mijne	me	mijner, mijns
2nd person	jij	je	jou	je	jouw	je	jouwe	je	jouwer, jouws
2nd person archaic or regiolectal	gij	ge	u	–	uw	–	uwe	u	uwer, uws
2nd person formal	u	–	u	–	uw	–	uwe	zich	uwer, uws
3rd person masculine	hij	ie1	hem	'm1	zijn	z'n1	zijne	zich	zijner, zijns
3rd person feminine	zij	ze	haar	h'r1, 'r1, d'r1	haar	h'r1, 'r1, d'r1	hare	zich	harer, haars
3rd person neuter	het	't1	het	't1	zijn	z'n1	zijne	zich	zijner, zijns
plural
1st person	wij	we	ons	–	ons, onze2	–	onze	ons	onzer, onzes
2nd person	jullie	je	jullie	je	jullie	je	–	je	–
2nd person archaic or regiolectal6	gij	ge	u	–	uw	–	uwe	u	uwer, uws
2nd person formal	u	–	u	–	uw	–	uwe	zich	uwer, uws
3rd person	zij	ze	hen3, hun4	ze	hun	–	hunne	zich	hunner, huns
1) Not as common in written language. 2) Inflected as an adjective. 3) In prescriptivist use, used only as direct object (accusative). 4) In prescriptivist use, used only as indirect object (dative).				5) Archaic. Nowadays used for formal, literary or poetic purposes, and in fixed expressions. 6) To differentiate from the singular gij, and in a similar vein to "you lot" or "you guys" in English, it is common to use gijlui ("you people") or gijlieden ("you people") or one of their contracted variants, and their corresponding objects, possessives and reflexives, in the plural.

Anagrams

• eg

Emilian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɡe/
• Hyphenation: ge

Alternative forms

• Becomes g’ before a vowel (proclitic).

A g’andám edmān. ― We go there tomorrow.

La g’à parlê. ― She talked to them.

• Becomes -eg when acting as an enclitic (after a consonant).

J-eg vān edmān. ― They go there tomorrow. (imperative, singular)

J-eg dān da fêr. ― They give her trouble.

• Becomes -g when acting as an enclitic (after a vowel).

A-g vag edmān. ― I’m going there tomorrow. (imperative, plural)

A-g pôrt di munjêgi. ― I bring him some apricots.

Etymology 1

From Latin illī (nominative plural and dative singular of ille). Cognate with Catalan li and Italian gli.

Pronoun

ge (personal, dative case)

1. him, to him

   Al ge xîva njînta.

   He wasn’t saying anything to him.

2. her, to her
3. them, to them

Related terms

Emilian personal pronouns (strong forms)

Number	Person	Gender	Disjunctive (tonic)	Nominative (subject)	Accusative (direct complement)	Dative (indirect complement)	Reflexive (-self)	Comitative (with)
Singular	First	—	mè	a	me			mêg
	Second	—	tè	et	te			têg
	Third	Masculine	ló	al		ge	se	sêg
		Feminine	lê	la
Plural	First	Masculine	nuēter	a	se			nōsk
		Feminine	nuētri
	Second	Masculine	vuēter	a	ve			vōsk
		Feminine	vuētri
	Third	Masculine	lôr	i		ge	se	sêg
		Feminine		el	li

Etymology 2

From Latin hīc (“here”). Cognate with Catalan hi, French y, Italian ci.

Pronoun

ge (adverbial, locative case)

1. here, in here
2. there, in there

   Al ge màt dèinter dl’akwa.

   He puts water in there.

Faroese

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /keː/

Noun

ge n (genitive singular ges, plural ge)

1. The name of the Latin-script letter G.

Declension

Declension of ge
n4	singular		plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	ge	geið	ge	geini
accusative	ge	geið	ge	geini
dative	ge, gei	genum	geum	geunum
genitive	ges	gesins	gea	geanna

See also

• (Latin-script letter names) bókstavur; a / fyrra a, á, be, de, edd, e, eff, ge, há, i / fyrra i, í / fyrra í, jodd, ká, ell, emm, enn, o, ó, pe, err, ess, te, u, ú, ve, seinna i, seinna í, seinna a, ø

Ido

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɡe/, /ɡɛ/

Noun

ge (plural ge-i)

1. The name of the Latin script letter G/g.

See also

• (Latin script letter names) litero; a, be, ce, che, de, e, fe, ge, he, i, je, ke, le, me, ne, o, pe, que, re, se, she, te, u, ve, we, xe, ye, ze ^{(Category: io:Latin letter names)}

Japanese

Romanization

ge

1. Rōmaji transcription of げ
2. Rōmaji transcription of ゲ

Lashi

Alternative forms

• gi

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɡe/

Adjective

ge

1. good

References

• Hkaw Luk (2017) A grammatical sketch of Lacid‎^[1], Chiang Mai: Payap University (master thesis)

Latin

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ɡeː/, [ɡeː]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /d͡ʒe/, [d͡ʒɛː]

Noun

gē f (indeclinable)

1. The name of the letter G.

Coordinate terms

• (Latin-script letter names) littera; ā, bē, cē, dē, ē, ef, gē, hā / *acca, ī, kā, el, em, en, ō, pē, kū, er, es, tē, ū, ix / īx / ex, ȳ / ī graeca / ȳpsīlon, zēta

References

• “ge”, in The Perseus Project (1999) Perseus Encyclopedia‎^[2]
• “ge”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898) Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
• Arthur E. Gordon, The Letter Names of the Latin Alphabet (University of California Press, 1973; volume 9 of University of California Publications: Classical Studies), part III: “Summary of the Ancient Evidence”, page 32: "Clearly there is no question or doubt about the names of the vowels A, E, I, O, U. They are simply long A, long E, etc. (ā, ē, ī, ō, ū). Nor is there any uncertainty with respect to the six mutes B, C, D, G, P, T. Their names are bē, cē, dē, gē, pē, tē (each with a long E). Or about H, K, and Q: they are hā, kā, kū—each, again, with a long vowel sound."

Mandarin

Romanization

ge (ge⁵ / ge⁰, Zhuyin ˙ㄍㄜ)

1. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 個／个

Romanization

ge

1. Nonstandard spelling of gē.
2. Nonstandard spelling of gé.
3. Nonstandard spelling of gě.
4. Nonstandard spelling of gè.

Usage notes

• English transcriptions of Mandarin speech often fail to distinguish between the critical tonal differences employed in the Mandarin language, using words such as this one without the appropriate indication of tone.

Mapudungun

A human eye

Noun

ge (Raguileo spelling)

1. (anatomy) eye
2. sight, the ability to see.

References

• Wixaleyiñ: Mapucezugun-wigkazugun pici hemvlcijka (Wixaleyiñ: Small Mapudungun-Spanish dictionary), Beretta, Marta; Cañumil, Dario; Cañumil, Tulio, 2008.

Middle English

Etymology 1

Pronoun

ge

1. Alternative form of ye (“you”)

Etymology 2

Pronoun

ge

1. Alternative form of heo (“she”)

Occitan

Noun

ge f (plural ges)

1. The name of the Latin-script letter G.

Ojibwe

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Adverb

ge

1. as for
2. also, too, and

See also

• gaye
• miinawaa

References

• The Ojibwe People's Dictionary https://ojibwe.lib.umn.edu/main-entry/ge-adv-conj

Old English

Etymology 1

From Proto-West Germanic *jiʀ, from *jīz, an early variation of Proto-Germanic *jūz, representing Proto-Indo-European *yūs.

Cognates

Cognate with Old Frisian jī, Old Saxon gi, Dutch gij, Old High German ir (German ihr), Old Norse ér (Swedish I, later ni), Gothic 𐌾𐌿𐍃 (jus). The Indo-European root is also the source of Albanian ju, Proto-Baltic *ju- (Lithuanian jūs), Tocharian A yas, Tocharian B yes.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /jeː/

Pronoun

ġē

1. you (plural): nominative plural of þū

Descendants

• Middle English: ye, yee, ȝe, ȝee, yeȝ, yhe, ȝhe, ge, iye, yie, ȝie, gie, hye, hie, ȝeo, geo
  • English: ye, yee
  • Scots: ȝe, ye
  • Yola: ye

Etymology 2

From Proto-Germanic *jahw, from *ja + *-hw.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /je/

Conjunction

ġe

1. and; often doubled as ġe... ġe... ("both... and...")

Descendants

• Middle English: gea, ȝe, ȝa, ȝi, ye

Old French

Pronoun

ge

1. Alternative form of je

Old Spanish

Etymology

From Latin illī.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ʒe/

Pronoun

ge

1. to her, to it, or to him

Descendants

• Spanish: se

Rawa

Pronoun

ge

1. you

References

• Norma Toland, Donald Toland, Reference Grammar of the Karo/Rawa Language (1991)

Romagnol

Noun

ge m or f (invariable)

1. The name of the Latin-script letter G.

See also

• (Latin-script letter names) lètra; a, bé, cé, dé, e, ëffe, ge, àcca / àca, i, i lóng, càpa, ëlle, èmme, ènne, o, pé, cu, ërre, ësse, té, u, vé, dópi vé / dópi vu / vu dópi, ics, i gréc / ìpsilon, zéta

Scottish Gaelic

Etymology

From Old Irish cía (“although”). Cognate with Irish cé.

Conjunction

ge

1. (dated) although

Synonyms

• ged

Spanish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈxe/ [ˈxe]

• Audio

  (file)

• Rhymes: -e
• Syllabification: ge

Etymology 1

Noun

ge f (plural ges)

1. The name of the Latin-script letter G.

Etymology 2

Latin illī; akin to Portuguese lhe, Italian gli.

Pronoun

ge

1. Obsolete form of se (as a dative pronoun)

Further reading

• “ge”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014

Sumerian

Romanization

ge

1. Romanization of 𒄀 (ge)

Swedish

Etymology

Apocopic form of giva, with umlaut, from Old Swedish giva, gæva, from Old Norse gefa, from Proto-Germanic *gebaną, from Proto-Indo-European *gʰab(ʰ)-. Compare Old English giefan (whence English give).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /jeː/, [ˈjeːə]

• audio

  (file)

• Rhymes: -eː

Verb

ge (present ger, preterite gav, supine gett, imperative ge)

1. to give

   Synonym: giva (dated)

   • 1541, Gustav Vasa Bible, Book of Matthew, 25:42

     Ty iagh war hungrogh / och j gåffuen migh icke äta. Jagh war torstigh / och j gåffuen migh icke dricka.

     (pre-1906 spelling) Ty jag var hungrig, och I gåfven mig icke äta; jag var törstig, och I gåfven mig icke dricka.

     For I was an hungred, and ye gave me no meat: I was thirsty, and ye gave me no drink.

2. (reflexive) to give up, to surrender, to quit
3. to give (to exhibit as a product or result; to produce; to yield)

Usage notes

• The older full conjugation (giva, giver) is complete with present and past participles. The short conjugation (ge, ger) does not provide acceptable forms for participles (*geende, *gedd), but is now the preferred and dominating choice for other cases (ge, ger, gett).

Conjugation

Conjugation of ge (class 5 strong)

	Active		Passive
Infinitive	ge		ges
Supine	gett		getts
Imperative	ge		—
Imper. plural1	gen		—
	Present	Past	Present	Past
Indicative	ger	gav	ges	gavs
Ind. plural1	ge	gåvo	ges	gåvos
Subjunctive2	ge	gåve	ges	gåves
	Participles
Present participle	givande
Past participle	given
1 Archaic. 2 Dated. See the appendix on Swedish verbs.

Conjugation of giva (class 5 strong, older)

	Active		Passive
Infinitive	giva		givas
Supine	givit		givits
Imperative	giv		—
Imper. plural1	given		—
	Present	Past	Present	Past
Indicative	giver	gav	givs, gives	gavs
Ind. plural1	giva	gåvo	givas	gåvos
Subjunctive2	give	gåve	gives	gåves
	Participles
Present participle	givande
Past participle	given
1 Archaic. 2 Dated. See the appendix on Swedish verbs.

Conjugation of gifva (class 5 strong, obsolete spelling, used before 1906)

	Active		Passive
Infinitive	gifva		gifvas
Supine	gifvit		gifvits
Imperative	gif		—
Imper. plural1	gifven		—
	Present	Past	Present	Past
Indicative	gifver	gaf	gifs, gifves	gafs
Ind. plural1	gifva	gåfvo	gifvas	gåfvos
Subjunctive2	gifve	gåfve	gifves	gåfves
	Participles
Present participle	gifvande
Past participle	gifven
1 Archaic. 2 Dated. See the appendix on Swedish verbs.

Derived terms

• ange
• avge
• ge an
• ge besked
• ge bort
• ge efter
• ge igen
• ge järnet
• ge med sig
• ge rätt
• ge sig av
• ge sig den på
• ge sig in i
• ge sig på
• ge sig till
• ge sig tillkänna
• ge tillbaka
• ge upp
• ge ut
• ge vid handen
• inge
• tillge
• uppge
• utge
• överge

 

Further reading

• ge in Svensk ordbok.

Anagrams

• EG, eg.

Ternate

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɡeː/

Determiner

ge

1. (distal) that, those

   namo ge ― that chicken

Pronoun

ge

1. (demonstrative) this

   ngori tomau ge ― I want that

   ge foke ― that is a cockroach

References

• Rika Hayami-Allen (2001) A descriptive study of the language of Ternate, the northern Moluccas, Indonesia, University of Pittsburgh

Turkish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɟe/

Noun

ge (definite accusative geyi, plural geler)

1. The name of the Latin-script letter G.

See also

• (Latin-script letter names) harf; a, be, ce, çe, de, e, fe, ge, yumuşak ge, he, ı, i, je, ke, le, me, ne, o, ö, pe, re, se, şe, te, u, ü, ve, ye, ze

Turkmen

Noun

ge (definite accusative geni, plural geler)

1. The name of the Latin-script letter G.

See also

• (Latin-script letter names) harp; a, be, çe, de, e, ä, ef, ge, ha, i, je, že, ke, el, em, en, eň, o, ö, pe, re, se, şa, te, u, ü, we, y, ýy, ze

Yoruba

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɡé/

Verb

gé

1. (transitive) to cut something; especially using a tool

   Synonym: ké

2. to segment into parts

   mo gé e wẹ́lẹ́-wẹ́lẹ́ ― I segmented it into small pieces

3. (stative, intransitive) to become cut, snapped, or broken

   Synonym: ké

Derived terms

• ègé (“piece, segment, cutting”)
• ìgé (“the act of slicing”)

Zaghawa

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɡɛ/

Verb

ge

1. sleep

References

• Focus in an active agentive alignment system the case of Beria Saharan Angelika Jakobi