改革
Chinese
editto change; to alter; to transform to change; to alter; to transform; to correct |
leather; remove | ||
---|---|---|---|
simp. and trad. (改革) |
改 | 革 |
Pronunciation
edit- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄍㄞˇ ㄍㄜˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: gǎigé
- Wade–Giles: kai3-ko2
- Yale: gǎi-gé
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: gaeger
- Palladius: гайгэ (gajgɛ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /kaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ kɤ³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: goi2 gaak3
- Yale: gói gaak
- Cantonese Pinyin: goi2 gaak8
- Guangdong Romanization: goi2 gag3
- Sinological IPA (key): /kɔːi̯³⁵ kaːk̚³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kói-kiet
- Hakka Romanization System: goiˋ giedˋ
- Hagfa Pinyim: goi3 giad5
- Sinological IPA: /koi̯³¹ ki̯et̚²/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kái-kek
- Tâi-lô: kái-kik
- Phofsit Daibuun: kay'keg
- IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei): /kai⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kiɪk̚³²/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /kai⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ kiɪk̚³²/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kái-kiak
- Tâi-lô: kái-kiak
- Phofsit Daibuun: kay'kiag
- IPA (Quanzhou): /kai⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ kiak̚⁵/
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: goi2 gêg4
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kói kek
- Sinological IPA (key): /koi⁵²⁻³⁵ kek̚²/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
- Middle Chinese: kojX keak
Verb
edit改革
Derived terms
editDescendants
editSee also
editJapanese
editKanji in this term | |
---|---|
改 | 革 |
かい Grade: 4 |
かく Grade: 6 |
on'yomi |
Pronunciation
editNoun
editSynonyms
editVerb
edit改革する • (kaikaku suru) suru (stem 改革し (kaikaku shi), past 改革した (kaikaku shita))
Conjugation
editConjugation of "改革する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 改革し | かいかくし | kaikaku shi | |
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 改革し | かいかくし | kaikaku shi | |
Shūshikei ("terminal") | 改革する | かいかくする | kaikaku suru | |
Rentaikei ("attributive") | 改革する | かいかくする | kaikaku suru | |
Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 改革すれ | かいかくすれ | kaikaku sure | |
Meireikei ("imperative") | 改革せよ¹ 改革しろ² |
かいかくせよ¹ かいかくしろ² |
kaikaku seyo¹ kaikaku shiro² | |
Key constructions | ||||
Passive | 改革される | かいかくされる | kaikaku sareru | |
Causative | 改革させる 改革さす |
かいかくさせる かいかくさす |
kaikaku saseru kaikaku sasu | |
Potential | 改革できる | かいかくできる | kaikaku dekiru | |
Volitional | 改革しよう | かいかくしよう | kaikaku shiyō | |
Negative | 改革しない | かいかくしない | kaikaku shinai | |
Negative continuative | 改革せず | かいかくせず | kaikaku sezu | |
Formal | 改革します | かいかくします | kaikaku shimasu | |
Perfective | 改革した | かいかくした | kaikaku shita | |
Conjunctive | 改革して | かいかくして | kaikaku shite | |
Hypothetical conditional | 改革すれば | かいかくすれば | kaikaku sureba | |
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative |
References
edit- ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
Korean
editHanja in this term | |
---|---|
改 | 革 |
Noun
editVietnamese
editchữ Hán Nôm in this term | |
---|---|
改 | 革 |
Noun
edit改革
Categories:
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- Japanese terms spelled with 革 read as かく
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