Japanese edit

Kanji in this term

Grade: 2
kun’yomi
Alternative spellings
明り

灯かり
灯り

Etymology edit

The (れん)(よう)(けい) (ren'yōkei, stem or continuative form) of the verb ()かる (akaru, to become bright)..[1][2][3]

This term originally referred to natural light, while the sense of lamp or lighting was expressed using the term 灯火 (tomoshibi, literally set alight + fire). The term akari gained its modern lighting sense during the late Edo period, and has now largely displaced tomoshibi for this sense.[1]

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

()かり (akari

  1. [from 1163] light
    Synonym: (hikari)
  2. 灯り: [from 1809] lighting, a light, a lamp, artificial illumination
    Synonyms: 照明 (shōmei), (archaic) 灯火 (tomoshibi), ランプ (ranpu), 電灯 (dentō, specifically electric light), 電気 (denki, specifically electric light)
    ()かり()ける。
    Akari o tsukeru.
    Turn on the light.
  3. [from 1603] a bright place; (figurative) a public place
  4. [from 1701] a positive sign amidst adversity (compare English light at the end of the tunnel)
  5. [from 1780] (figurative) evidence that dispels a question or doubt
    Synonym: 証し (akashi)
  6. [from 1566] (figurative) the end of a period of time or a dark mood (compare English dawn, daybreak)
    Synonym: 明け (ake, literally dawn)

Related terms edit

References edit

  1. 1.0 1.1 明かり”, in 日本国語大辞典 (Nihon Kokugo Daijiten, Nihon Kokugo Daijiten)[1] (in Japanese), concise edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 2000
  2. ^ Matsumura, Akira (1995) 大辞泉 [Daijisen] (in Japanese), First edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  3. 3.0 3.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006) 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  4. ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998) NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN