灯
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Translingual edit
Japanese | 灯 |
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Simplified | 灯 |
Traditional | 燈 |
Glyph origin edit
Phono-semantic compound (形聲/形声) : semantic 火 + phonetic 丁 (OC *rteːŋ, *teːŋ).
Han character edit
Stroke order | |||
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灯 (Kangxi radical 86, 火+2, 6 strokes, cangjie input 火一弓 (FMN), composition ⿰火丁)
References edit
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 665, character 6
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 18855
- Dae Jaweon: page 1075, character 3
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2188, character 3
- Unihan data for U+706F
Chinese edit
For pronunciation and definitions of 灯 – see 燈 (“lamp; light; lantern; etc.”). (This character is the simplified and variant form of 燈). |
Notes:
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Japanese edit
Kanji edit
(grade 4 “Kyōiku” kanji, shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai form 燈)
Readings edit
As shinjitai/variant kanji of 燈:
As unsimplified kanji 灯:
Readings shared by both kanji:
Compounds edit
Etymology 1 edit
Kanji in this term |
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灯 |
とう Grade: 4 |
on’yomi |
Alternative spelling |
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燈 (kyūjitai) |
From Middle Chinese 燈 (MC tong).
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
Derived terms edit
Proverbs edit
Counter edit
Derived terms edit
Suffix edit
Derived terms edit
Affix edit
Etymology 2 edit
Kanji in this term |
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灯 |
ともし Grade: 4 |
irregular |
Alternative spelling |
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燈 (kyūjitai) |
First attested around the 10th century.
Nominalization of 点し (tomoshi), the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of verb 点す (tomosu, “to light”).
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
Derived terms edit
- 灯油 (tomoshiabura)
- 灯 (tomoshibi)
Etymology 3 edit
Kanji in this term |
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灯 |
ともしび Grade: 4 |
kun’yomi |
Alternative spellings |
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燈 (kyūjitai) 灯火 ともし火 燭 |
Compound of 点し (tomoshi, the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of verb 点す (tomosu), “to light”) + 火 (hi, “fire”).
The hi changes to bi as an instance of rendaku (連濁).
Pronunciation edit
- (Tokyo) ともしび [tòmóshíbí] (Heiban – [0])[1]
- (Tokyo) ともしび [tòmóshíꜜbì] (Nakadaka – [3])[1]
- IPA(key): [to̞mo̞ɕibʲi]
Noun edit
- a light
- 1986, “Kimi o Nosete [Reaching You]”, Hayao Miyazaki (lyrics), Joe Hisaishi (music), performed by Azumi Inoue:
- 地球はまわる君をかくして 輝く瞳きらめく灯...
- Chikyū wa mawaru kimi o kakushite kagayaku hitomi kirameku tomoshibi
- The Earth spins, hiding your shining pupils [and] glittering lights.
- 地球はまわる君をかくして 輝く瞳きらめく灯...
- a lit flame (such as of a candle or torch)
- (historical, obsolete) under the 律令 (Ritsuryō) system of the Heian period, a kind of scholarship granted to university students
Derived terms edit
Etymology 4 edit
Kanji in this term |
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灯 |
とぼし Grade: 4 |
irregular |
Alternative spellings |
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燈 (kyūjitai) 点火 |
Nominalization of 点し (toboshi), the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of verb 点す (tobosu, “to light”, archaic).
Equivalent to a shift from tomoshi above, with the nasal /-m-/ becomes plosive /-b-/.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
Derived terms edit
- 灯油 (toboshiabura)
- 灯 (toboshibi)
Proper noun edit
Etymology 5 edit
Kanji in this term |
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灯 |
とぼしび Grade: 4 |
irregular |
Alternative spellings |
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燈 (kyūjitai) 灯火 燭 |
Compound of 点し (toboshi, the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of verb 点す (tobosu), “to light”, archaic) + 火 (hi, “fire”). The hi changes to bi as an instance of rendaku (連濁).
Equivalent to a shift from tomoshibi above, the nasal /-m-/ becomes plosive /-b-/.
Noun edit
- (archaic) Alternative form of 灯 (tomoshibi)
Etymology 6 edit
Kanji in this term |
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灯 |
あかし Grade: 4 |
kun’yomi |
Alternative spelling |
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燈 (kyūjitai) |
The 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of verb 明かす (akasu, “to go through the whole night”).[2]
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
- a light, lamp
- 1987, “Abare-daiko [Raging Drums]”, Takashi Taka (lyrics), Kōshō Inomata (music), performed by Fuyumi Sakamoto:
- (Shinto, Buddhism) a light (or lighted lamp) offered to a kami or buddha
Derived terms edit
Etymology 7 edit
Kanji in this term |
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灯 |
ひ Grade: 4 |
kun’yomi |
Alternative spelling |
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燈 (kyūjitai) |
Cognate with and extension of 火 (hi, “fire”).[2]
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
- a light, lamp
- Synonym: 明かり (akari)
- 1986, “Kimi o Nosete [Reaching You]”, Hayao Miyazaki (lyrics), Joe Hisaishi (music), performed by Azumi Inoue: