檸

See also: 柠

檸 U+6AB8, 檸 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6AB8 ← 檷 [U+6AB7] CJK Unified Ideographs 檹 → [U+6AB9]

Translingual

Han character

檸 (Kangxi radical 75, 木+14, 18 strokes, cangjie input 木十心弓 (DJPN), four-corner 4392₁, composition ⿰木寧)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 558, character 44
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 15742
• Dae Jaweon: page 948, character 14
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1311, character 2
• Unihan data for U+6AB8

Chinese

trad.		檸
simp.		柠*

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (寧) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
濘	*neːs, *neːŋʔ, *neːŋs
獰	*rnaːŋ
檸	*rnaːŋʔ
儜	*rneːŋ
薴	*rneːŋ
鬡	*rneːŋ
鑏	*rneːŋ
嬣	*rneːŋ
寍	*neːŋ
寗	*neːŋs
甯	*neːŋs
寧	*neːŋ
鸋	*neːŋ, *neːŋs
嚀	*neːŋ
聹	*neːŋ, *neːŋʔ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *rnaːŋʔ) : semantic 木 + phonetic 寧 (OC *neːŋ).

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): níng (ning²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄋㄧㄥˊ

• Cantonese

  (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): ning⁴ / ning^4-2

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): nen³

• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): lê

  (Meixian, Guangdong): nên²

• Jin (Wiktionary): ning¹
• Eastern Min (BUC): nìng
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): lêng / lê

  (Teochew, Peng'im): lêng⁵ / lam⁵ / nam⁵

• Wu (Northern, Wugniu): ⁶gnin / ²gnin

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: níng
    • Zhuyin: ㄋㄧㄥˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: níng
    • Wade–Giles: ning²
    • Yale: níng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ning
    • Palladius: нин (nin)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /niŋ³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: ning⁴ / ning^4-2
    • Yale: nìhng / níng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: ning⁴ / ning^4-2
    • Guangdong Romanization: ning⁴ / ning^4-2
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /nɪŋ²¹/, /nɪŋ²¹⁻³⁵/

Note: ning4-2 - short form in compounds.

• • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
    • Wiktionary: nen³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ⁿden²²/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: lê
    • Hakka Romanization System: le^ˊ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: le¹
    • Sinological IPA: /le²⁴/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: nên²
    • Sinological IPA: /nɛn¹¹/
• Jin
  • (Taiyuan)⁺
    • Wiktionary: ning¹
    • Sinological IPA (old-style): /nĩŋ¹¹/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: nìng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /nˡiŋ⁵³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, dated in Taiwan)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lêng
    • Tâi-lô: lîng
    • Phofsit Daibuun: leeng
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /liɪŋ²³/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei): /liɪŋ²⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /liɪŋ¹³/
  • (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lê
    • Tâi-lô: lê
    • Phofsit Daibuun: lee
    • IPA (Taipei): /le²⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /le²³/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: lêng⁵ / lam⁵ / nam⁵
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: lêng / lâm / nâm
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /leŋ⁵⁵/, /lam⁵⁵/, /nam⁵⁵/

Note:

• lêng5 - literary;
• lam5/nam5 - vernacular.

• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ⁶gnin
    • MiniDict: nyin^去
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³nyin
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /n̠ʲin²³/
  • (Northern: Suzhou)
    • Wugniu: ²gnin
    • MiniDict: nyin^平
    • Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /n̠ʲin²²³/

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• Middle Chinese: nraengX

Rime
Character	檸
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	娘 (12)
Final (韻)	庚 (109)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	II
Fanqie	拏梗切
Baxter	nraengX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɳˠæŋX/
Pan Wuyun	/ɳᵚaŋX/
Shao Rongfen	/naŋX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɳaɨjŋX/
Li Rong	/nɐŋX/
Wang Li	/nɐŋX/
Bernard Karlgren	/nɐŋX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	něng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	nang5

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*rnaːŋʔ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	檸
Reading #	1/1
No.	9547
Phonetic component	寧
Rime group	陽
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	檸
Old Chinese	/*rnaːŋʔ/

Definitions

檸

1. Only used in 檸檬／柠檬 (níngméng); also used as its short form.

Compounds

• 檸七／柠七 (níngqī)
• 檸樂／柠乐 (nínglè)
• 檸檬／柠檬 (níngméng, “lemon”)
• 檸檬素／柠檬素
• 檸檬酸／柠檬酸 (níngméngsuān)
• 檸水／柠水
• 檸茶／柠茶 (níngchá)
• 檸蜜／柠蜜
• 青檸／青柠 (qīngníng)

 

Etymology 2

Contracted form of 吶亨／呐亨.

Pronunciation

• Wu (Suzhou, Wugniu): ⁶nan

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• Wu
  • (Northern: Suzhou)
    • Wugniu: ⁶nan
    • MiniDict: nan^去
    • Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /nã²³¹/

Definitions

檸

1. (Suzhounese) how

References

• “檸”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

檸

(Hyōgai kanji)

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Readings

• Go-on: にょう (nyō)
• Kan-on: のう (nō)
• Kan’yō-on: ねい (nei)

Compounds

• 檸檬(レモン) (remon, “lemon”)

Korean

Hanja

檸 (eumhun 레몬 (lemon) 녕 (remon ( lemon ) nyeong), word-initial (South Korea) 레몬 (lemon) 영 (remon ( lemon ) yeong))

1. hanja form^? of 녕 (“lemon”)

Compounds

• 영몽 (檸檬, yeongmong, “lemon”)

Vietnamese

Han character

檸: Hán Nôm readings: nịnh

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.