寧
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Translingual
editHan character
edit寧 (Kangxi radical 40, 宀+11, 14 strokes, cangjie input 十心月弓 (JPBN), four-corner 30201, composition ⿱寍丁)
Derived characters
edit- 儜, 嚀, 嬣, 㣷, 懧, 擰, 濘, 獰, 𰚴, 檸, 𤘓, 𤪥, 𦡲, 𤾱, 矃, 𥣗, 𦆭, 聹, 䗿, 𧭈(𫍾), 𧰗, 𮚫, 𨊓, 𨲸, 鑏, 䭢
- 𭔞, 𭟋, 㲰, 𰍡, 𮄽, 𫴞, 𡫸, 𭔦, 𭔤, 𭔥, 𩁔, 𭔧, 𭔨, 𩕳, 鸋, 𡬗, 薴, 鬡, 𤻝
References
edit- Kangxi Dictionary: page 291, character 8
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 7296
- Dae Jaweon: page 577, character 2
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 949, character 5
- Unihan data for U+5BE7
Chinese
edittrad. | 寧 | |
---|---|---|
simp. | 宁* | |
alternative forms |
Glyph origin
editHistorical forms of the character 寧 | |||
---|---|---|---|
Shang | Western Zhou | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
Oracle bone script: Ideogrammic compound (會意/会意) : 宀 (“house”) + 皿 (“food or wine vessel”) + 丂 (“table (?)”) – contentment. The 心 (“heart”) component was added in bronze inscriptions to yield 寧, and the 丂 component was sometimes omitted to yield 寍.
Shuowen: Phono-semantic compound (形聲/形声, OC *neːŋ) : phonetic 寍 (OC *neːŋ) + semantic 丂 (“speech (?)”).
Note that the simplified form 宁 (zhù) is also a traditional character on its own.
Etymology 1
editEither related to Burmese ညင်း (nyang:, “soft, gentle, quiet”) or connected to Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s/k-niŋ (“heart, mind, brain”) (Schuessler, 2007)
Pronunciation 1
edit- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): ning4
- Hakka
- Northern Min (KCR): nǎing
- Eastern Min (BUC): nìng
- Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): neng2
- Southern Min
- Wu (Northern, Wugniu): 6gnin / 2gnin
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄋㄧㄥˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: níng
- Wade–Giles: ning2
- Yale: níng
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ning
- Palladius: нин (nin)
- Sinological IPA (key): /niŋ³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: ning4
- Yale: nìhng
- Cantonese Pinyin: ning4
- Guangdong Romanization: ning4
- Sinological IPA (key): /nɪŋ²¹/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: nèn
- Hakka Romanization System: nenˇ
- Hagfa Pinyim: nen2
- Sinological IPA: /nen¹¹/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: nǎing
- Sinological IPA (key): /naiŋ²¹/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: nìng
- Sinological IPA (key): /nˡiŋ⁵³/
- (Fuzhou)
- Puxian Min
- (Putian, Xianyou)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: neng2
- Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: néng
- Sinological IPA (key): /nɛŋ¹³/
- (Putian, Xianyou)
- Southern Min
- Wu
- Dialectal data
Variety | Location | 寧 |
---|---|---|
Mandarin | Beijing | /niŋ³⁵/ |
Harbin | /niŋ²⁴/ | |
Tianjin | /niŋ⁴⁵/ 安~ | |
Jinan | /ȵiŋ⁴²/ | |
Qingdao | /niŋ⁴²/ | |
Zhengzhou | /niŋ³¹²/ | |
Xi'an | /niŋ²⁴/ | |
Xining | /ȵiə̃²⁴/ | |
Yinchuan | /niŋ⁵³/ | |
Lanzhou | /ȵĩn⁵³/ | |
Ürümqi | /ȵiŋ⁵¹/ | |
Wuhan | /nin²¹³/ | |
Chengdu | /nin³¹/ | |
Guiyang | /nin²¹/ | |
Kunming | /lĩ¹/ | |
Nanjing | /lin²⁴/ | |
Hefei | /lin⁵⁵/ | |
Jin | Taiyuan | /niəŋ¹¹/ |
Pingyao | /ȵiŋ¹³/ | |
Hohhot | /nĩŋ³¹/ | |
Wu | Shanghai | /ȵiŋ²³/ |
Suzhou | /ȵin¹³/ | |
Hangzhou | /ȵin²¹³/ | |
Wenzhou | /ȵaŋ³¹/ | |
Hui | Shexian | /niʌ̃⁴⁴/ |
Tunxi | ||
Xiang | Changsha | /ȵin¹³/ |
Xiangtan | /ȵin¹²/ | |
Gan | Nanchang | |
Hakka | Meixian | /nen¹¹/ |
Taoyuan | /nen¹¹/ | |
Cantonese | Guangzhou | /neŋ²¹/ |
Nanning | /neŋ²¹/ | |
Hong Kong | /niŋ²¹/ | |
Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /liŋ³⁵/ |
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /niŋ⁵³/ | |
Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /naiŋ²¹/ | |
Shantou (Teochew) | /leŋ⁵⁵/ | |
Haikou (Hainanese) | /neŋ³¹/ |
- Middle Chinese: neng
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*nˤeŋ/
- (Zhengzhang): /*neːŋ/
Definitions
edit寧
- peaceful; tranquil; serene; at peace
- (literary) to stabilise; to pacify
- (obsolete) to mourn for one's deceased parent
- (literary, especially of married women) to visit one's parents
- Alternative name for 江寧/江宁 (Jiāngníng, “old name for Nanjing”).
- Alternative name for 寧夏/宁夏 (Níngxià, “Ningxia”).
Compounds
edit- 丁寧/丁宁 (dīngníng)
- 不寧/不宁 (bùníng)
- 不寧不耐/不宁不耐
- 不寧奈/不宁奈
- 不遑寧處/不遑宁处
- 伊寧/伊宁 (Yīníng)
- 保寧/保宁 (bǎoníng)
- 克寧/克宁
- 列寧主義/列宁主义 (Lièníng zhǔyì)
- 列寧格勒/列宁格勒 (Liènínggélè)
- 北寧鐵路/北宁铁路
- 南寧/南宁 (Nánníng, “Nanning”)
- 咸寧 (Xiánníng)
- 唐寧街/唐宁街 (Tángníng Jiē)
- 單寧/单宁 (dānníng)
- 單寧酸/单宁酸 (dānníngsuān)
- 坐臥不寧/坐卧不宁 (zuòwòbùníng)
- 坤寧宮/坤宁宫
- 太寧/太宁
- 奉寧/奉宁
- 奎寧/奎宁 (kuíníng)
- 安寧/安宁 (ānníng)
- 安寧照顧/安宁照顾
- 寧夏/宁夏 (Níngxià)
- 寧奈/宁奈
- 寧家/宁家
- 寧帖/宁帖
- 寧德/宁德 (Níngdé)
- 寧心/宁心
- 寧息/宁息
- 寧日/宁日 (níngrì)
- 寧武/宁武 (Níngwǔ)
- 寧武關/宁武关 (Níngwǔguān)
- 寧波/宁波 (Níngbō)
- 寧漢分裂/宁汉分裂
- 寧瑪派/宁玛派 (Níngmǎpài)
- 寧神/宁神
- 寧綢/宁绸
- 寧謐/宁谧 (níngmì)
- 寧貼/宁贴
- 寧遠/宁远 (Níngyuǎn)
- 寧靖/宁靖 (níngjìng)
- 寧靜/宁静 (níngjìng)
- 崇寧/崇宁
- 平寧/平宁
- 底寧/底宁
- 康寧/康宁
- 建寧/建宁 (Jiànníng)
- 心神不寧/心神不宁
- 息事寧人/息事宁人 (xīshìníngrén)
- 攖寧/撄宁
- 普寧/普宁 (Pǔníng)
- 東寧王國/东宁王国
- 歸寧/归宁 (guīníng)
- 永無寧日/永无宁日 (yǒngwúníngrì)
- 江寧/江宁 (Jiāngníng)
- 洛寧/洛宁 (Luòníng)
- 海寧/海宁 (Hǎiníng)
- 海寧觀潮/海宁观潮
- 濟寧/济宁 (Jǐníng)
- 白朗寧/白朗宁
- 睡臥不寧/睡卧不宁
- 瞑目寧心/瞑目宁心
- 福壽康寧/福寿康宁
- 萬寧/万宁 (Wànníng)
- 管寧割席/管宁割席
- 綏寧/绥宁 (suíníng)
- 荒寧/荒宁
- 西寧/西宁 (Xīníng)
- 西寧毛/西宁毛
- 遂寧/遂宁 (Suìníng)
- 遼寧/辽宁 (Liáoníng)
- 金寧/金宁 (Jīnníng)
- 雞犬不寧/鸡犬不宁 (jīquǎnbùníng)
Pronunciation 2
edit- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): ning4 / ning6
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): nèn
- Eastern Min (BUC): nìng
- Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): lēng / lêng
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Mainland)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄋㄧㄥˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: nìng
- Wade–Giles: ning4
- Yale: nìng
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ninq
- Palladius: нин (nin)
- Sinological IPA (key): /niŋ⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese, Taiwan)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄋㄧㄥˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: níng
- Wade–Giles: ning2
- Yale: níng
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ning
- Palladius: нин (nin)
- Sinological IPA (key): /niŋ³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, Mainland)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: ning4 / ning6
- Yale: nìhng / nihng
- Cantonese Pinyin: ning4 / ning6
- Guangdong Romanization: ning4 / ning6
- Sinological IPA (key): /nɪŋ²¹/, /nɪŋ²²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: nèn
- Hakka Romanization System: nenˇ
- Hagfa Pinyim: nen2
- Sinological IPA: /nen¹¹/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: nìng
- Sinological IPA (key): /nˡiŋ⁵³/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
Definitions
edit寧
- rather; would rather
- 旣而悽愴曰:「寧我負人,毋人負我!」遂行。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: 4th century CE, Sun Sheng,《雜記》Miscellaneous Records; quoted in 5th century CE, Pei Songzhi, Annotations to 3rd century CE, Records of the Three Kingdoms by Chen Shou
- Jì ér qīchuàng yuē: “Níng wǒ fù rén, wú rén fù wǒ!” Suì xíng. [Pinyin]
- Later, [Cao Cao] sorrowfully said: "I would rather betray others than let others betray me!" Then left.
既而凄怆曰:「宁我负人,毋人负我!」遂行。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
- † could there be
- † such; like this; so
- † unexpectedly; in spite of everything
- † modal particle
Compounds
edit- 不自由毋寧死/不自由毋宁死 (bù zìyóu wúnìng sǐ)
- 寧個/宁个
- 寧可/宁可 (nìngkě)
- 寧折不彎/宁折不弯
- 寧教我負天下人,休教天下人負我/宁教我负天下人,休教天下人负我 (nìngjiào wǒ fù tiānxià rén, xiū jiào tiānxià rén fù wǒ)
- 寧死不屈/宁死不屈 (níngsǐbùqū)
- 寧死不從/宁死不从
- 寧死不辱/宁死不辱
- 寧為太平犬,不做亂世人/宁为太平犬,不做乱世人 (nìng wéi tàipíng quǎn, bù zuò luànshì rén)
- 寧為玉碎,不為瓦全/宁为玉碎,不为瓦全
- 寧為雞口,毋為牛後/宁为鸡口,毋为牛后
- 寧為雞頭,不做鳳尾/宁为鸡头,不做凤尾 (nìng wéi jītóu, bù zuò fèngwěi)
- 寧當玉碎/宁当玉碎
- 寧缺勿濫/宁缺勿滥 (níngquēwùlàn)
- 寧缺毋濫/宁缺毋滥 (nìngquēwúlàn)
- 寧肯/宁肯 (nìngkěn)
- 寧許/宁许
- 寧願/宁愿 (nìngyuàn)
- 寧馨/宁馨
- 寧馨兒/宁馨儿
- 毋寧/毋宁 (wúnìng)
- 無寧/无宁 (wúnìng)
- 盜泉寧渴/盗泉宁渴
- 禮奢寧儉/礼奢宁俭
- 禮存寧儉/礼存宁俭
- 胡寧/胡宁
Pronunciation 3
edit- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄋㄧㄥˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: Níng
- Wade–Giles: Ning2
- Yale: Níng
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Ning
- Palladius: Нин (Nin)
- Sinological IPA (key): /niŋ³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Taiwan, variant in Mainland)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄋㄧㄥˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: Nìng
- Wade–Giles: Ning4
- Yale: Nìng
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Ninq
- Palladius: Нин (Nin)
- Sinological IPA (key): /niŋ⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: ning4 / ning6
- Yale: nìhng / nihng
- Cantonese Pinyin: ning4 / ning6
- Guangdong Romanization: ning4 / ning6
- Sinological IPA (key): /nɪŋ²¹/, /nɪŋ²²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
Definitions
edit寧
- a surname
Usage notes
editEtymology 2
editUsed due to Standard Mandarin pronunciation matching that of regional language.
Pronunciation
editDefinitions
edit寧
- (Northern Wu, especially Shanghainese) Alternative form of 人
- 上海寧/上海宁 [Shanghainese] ― 6zaon-he-gnin [Wugniu] ― Shanghainese person
- 隔壁寧家屋裡頭,交交關關小居頭,阿杜阿膩阿三頭,一直排到阿八頭。 [Shanghainese, trad.]
- From: [1]
- 7kaq-piq 6gnin-ka 7oq-li-deu 1ciau-ciau-kue-kue 5shiau-ciu-deu 7aq 6du 7aq 6gni 7aq-se-deu 7iq-zeq 6ba-tau 7aq-paq-deu [Wugniu]
- In my neighbor’s place, there are many children; the eldest, the second, the third, all the way to the eighth.
隔壁宁家屋里头,交交关关小居头,阿杜阿腻阿三头,一直排到阿八头。 [Shanghainese, simp.]
Japanese
editShinjitai | 寧 | |
Kyūjitai [1] |
寧 寧 or 寧+ ︀ ?
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寧󠄀 寧+ 󠄀 ?(Adobe-Japan1) | ||
寧󠄃 寧+ 󠄃 ?(Hanyo-Denshi) (Moji_Joho) | ||
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment. See here for details. |
Kanji
edit(Jōyō kanji, shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai form 寧)
Readings
edit- Go-on: にょう (nyō)←にやう (nyau, historical)
- Kan-on: ねい (nei, Jōyō)
- Kun: いずくんぞ (izukunzo, 寧くんぞ)←いづくんぞ (idukunzo, 寧, historical)、なんぞ (nanzo, 寧ぞ)、むしろ (mushiro, 寧ろ)、やすい (yasui, 寧い)、やすらか (yasuraka, 寧らか)、やすんずる (yasunzuru, 寧んずる)←やすんず (yasunzu, 寧んず, historical)
- Nanori: あき (aki)、さだ (sada)、しず (shizu)、やす (yasu)、やすし (yasushi)、よし (yoshi)
Compounds
editReferences
editKorean
editHanja
edit寧 (eumhun 편안할 녕 (pyeonanhal nyeong), word-initial (South Korea) 편안할 영 (pyeonanhal yeong))
Compounds
edit- 安寧 (안녕, annyeong)
Vietnamese
editHan character
edit- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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.
Compounds
edit- 安寧 (an ninh)
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- Japanese kanji with historical kun reading いづ・くんぞ
- Japanese kanji with kun reading なん・ぞ
- Japanese kanji with kun reading むし・ろ
- Japanese kanji with kun reading やす・い
- Japanese kanji with kun reading やす・らか
- Japanese kanji with kun reading やす・んずる
- Japanese kanji with historical kun reading やす・んず
- Japanese kanji with nanori reading あき
- Japanese kanji with nanori reading さだ
- Japanese kanji with nanori reading しず
- Japanese kanji with nanori reading やす
- Japanese kanji with nanori reading やすし
- Japanese kanji with nanori reading よし
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