Chinese

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phonetic
trad. (盧訶寧俱沙)
simp. (卢诃宁俱沙)

Etymology

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Borrowed from Classical Syriac ܪܘܚܐ ܕܩܘܕܫܐ (Holy Spirit).

Pronunciation

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Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1 1/1 1/1 1/1 1/2 2/2
Initial () (37) (32) (8) (28) (21) (21)
Final () (23) (94) (125) (24) (98) (98)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Level (Ø) Level (Ø) Level (Ø) Level (Ø) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open Open Open Closed Open Open
Division () I I IV III II II
Fanqie
Baxter lu xa neng kju srae sraeH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/luo/ /hɑ/ /neŋ/ /kɨo/ /ʃˠa/ /ʃˠaH/
Pan
Wuyun
/luo/ /hɑ/ /neŋ/ /kio/ /ʃᵚa/ /ʃᵚaH/
Shao
Rongfen
/lo/ /xɑ/ /nɛŋ/ /kio/ /ʃa/ /ʃaH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/lɔ/ /ha/ /nɛjŋ/ /kuə̆/ /ʂaɨ/ /ʂaɨH/
Li
Rong
/lo/ /xɑ/ /neŋ/ /kio/ /ʃa/ /ʃaH/
Wang
Li
/lu/ /xɑ/ /nieŋ/ /kĭu/ /ʃa/ /ʃaH/
Bernard
Karlgren
/luo/ /xɑ/ /nieŋ/ /ki̯u/ /ʂa/ /ʂaH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
níng shā shà
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
lou4 ho1 ning4 geoi1 saa1 saa3

Proper noun

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盧訶寧俱沙

  1. (Church of the East, historical) the Holy Spirit.
    Synonyms: 涼風凉风 (liángfēng), 淨風净风 (Jìngfēng), 聖靈圣灵 (Shènglíng)