虎

See also: 乕

虎	U+864E, 虎 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-864E

← 虍
[U+864D]

CJK Unified Ideographs

虏 →
[U+864F]

TranslingualEdit

Stroke order

Stroke order

Han characterEdit

虎 (radical 141 虍+2, 8 strokes, cangjie input 卜心竹弓 (YPHN) or 卜心竹山 (YPHU), four-corner 2121₇, composition ⿸虍儿(JKT) or ⿸虍几(GV))

Derived charactersEdit

唬

ReferencesEdit

KangXi: page 1073, character 3
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 32675
Dae Jaweon: page 1539, character 23
Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 4, page 2819, character 2
Unihan data for U+864E

ChineseEdit

simp. and trad.		虎
alt. forms		乕

Wikipedia has an article on:

• 虎

Glyph originEdit

Historical forms of the character 虎
Shang	Western Zhou	Spring and Autumn	Warring States		Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions	Bronze inscriptions	Chu Slip and silk script	Qin slip script	Ancient script	Small seal script

Characters in the same phonetic series (虍) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Old Chinese
唬	qʰraːs, kʷraːɡ
戲	qʰral, qʰrals, *qʰaː
巇	*qʰra
隵	*qʰra
嚱	*qʰras
盧	*b·raː
鑪	*raː
壚	*raː
籚	*raː
蘆	raː, ra
顱	*b·raː
髗	*b·raː
鱸	*raː
攎	*raː
櫨	*raː
轤	*raː
黸	*raː
獹	*raː
鸕	*raː
艫	*raː
纑	*raː
瀘	*raː
瓐	*raː
爐	*raː
嚧	*raː
矑	*b·raː
罏	*raː
蠦	*raː
虜	*raːʔ
擄	*raːʔ
艣	*raːʔ
鐪	*raːʔ
虖	qʰaː, qʰʷa, qʰaː, qʰʷa
虍	*qʰaː
雐	*qʰʷlaː
虎	*qʰlaːʔ
琥	*qʰlaːʔ
萀	*qʰlaːʔ
臚	*b·ra
廬	*ra
驢	*b·ra
藘	*ra
爈	ra, ras
櫖	ra, ras
儢	*raʔ
慮	*ras
勴	*ras
鑢	*ras
濾	*ras
攄	*r̥ʰa
處	kʰljaʔ, kʰljas
豦	kas, ɡa
據	*kas
鐻	kas, ɡa, *ɡaʔ
澽	kas, ɡas
虛	kʰa, qʰa
墟	*kʰa
懅	*ɡa
蘧	ɡa, ɡʷa
籧	*ɡa
醵	ɡa, ɡas, *ɡaɡ
璩	*ɡa
虡	*ɡaʔ
遽	*ɡas
勮	*ɡas
嘘	qʰa, qʰas
驉	*qʰa
歔	*qʰa
魖	*qʰa
膚	*pla
虧	*kʰʷral
噱	*ɡaɡ
臄	*ɡaɡ
劇	*ɡaɡ
諕	*qʰʷraːɡ

Pictogram (象形). 虍 represents the tiger's head. The torso has disappeared and the legs and the tail have transformed into 人 in the small seal script and later 儿 in the clerical script.

A tiger.

Etymology 1Edit

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *k-la (“tiger”), from Proto-Mon-Khmer *klaʔ (“tiger”).

PronunciationEdit

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): hǔ (hu³)

(Zhuyin): ㄏㄨˇ

(Chengdu, SP): fu³ / hu³

(Dungan, Cyrillic): хў (II)
Cantonese
(Guangzhou, Jyutping): fu²

(Taishan, Wiktionary): fu²
Gan (Wiktionary): fu³
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): fú

(Meixian, Guangdong): fu³
Jin (Wiktionary): hu²
Min Dong (BUC): hū
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): hó͘

(Teochew, Peng'im): houn²
Wu (Wiktionary): hu (T2)
Xiang (Wiktionary): fu³

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: hǔ
  - Zhuyin: ㄏㄨˇ
  - Wade-Giles: hu³
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: huu
  - IPA ^(key): /xu²¹⁴/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: fu³ / hu³
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: fu / xu
  - IPA ^(key): /fu⁵³/, /xu⁵³/
- (Dungan)
  - Cyrillic: хў (II)
  - IPA ^(key): /xuː⁵¹/
  (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: fu²
  - Yale: fú
  - Cantonese Pinyin: fu²
  - Guangdong Romanization: fu²
  - IPA ^(key): /fuː³⁵/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: fu²
  - IPA ^(key): /fu⁵⁵/
Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Wiktionary: fu³
  - IPA ^(key): /fu²¹³/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: fú
  - Hakka Romanization System: fu`
  - Hagfa Pinyim: fu³
  - IPA: /fu³¹/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: fu³
  - IPA: /fu³¹/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: hu²
  - IPA (old-style): /xu⁵³/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: hū
  - IPA ^(key): /hu³³/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hó͘
  - Tâi-lô: hóo
  - Phofsit Daibuun: hor
  - IPA (Xiamen): /hɔ⁵³/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /hɔ⁵⁵⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /hɔ⁵³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /hɔ⁵³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /hɔ⁴¹/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: houn²
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: hóuⁿ
  - IPA ^(key): /hõũ⁵²/
Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wiktionary: hu (T2)
  - IPA ^(key): /hv̩ʷ³⁴/
Xiang
- (Changsha)
  - Wiktionary: fu³
  - IPA ^(key): /ɸu⁴¹/

Middle Chinese: /huo^X/▼

Rime
Character	虎
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	曉 (32)
Final (韻)	模 (23)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	呼古切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/huo^X/
Pan Wuyun	/huo^X/
Shao Rongfen	/xo^X/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/hɔ^X/
Li Rong	/xo^X/
Wang Li	/xu^X/
Bernard Karlgren	/xuo^X/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	hǔ

Old Chinese▼
(Baxter-Sagart): /*qʰˤraʔ/

(Zhengzhang): /*qʰlaːʔ/

Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	虎
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	hǔ
Middle Chinese	‹ xu^X ›
Old Chinese	/qʰˤraʔ/ (W dialect: qˤʰr- >r̥ˤ- > x-)
English	tiger
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	虎
Reading #	1/1
No.	5230
Phonetic component	虍
Rime group	魚
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	虎
Old Chinese	/*qʰlaːʔ/

DefinitionsEdit

虎

tiger
老虎 ― lǎohǔ ― tiger
(figuratively) brave; fierce
A surname.

CompoundsEdit

Derived terms from 虎

Etymology 2Edit

PronunciationEdit

Mandarin
(Pinyin): hǔ, hū (hu³, hu¹)

(Zhuyin): ㄏㄨˇ, ㄏㄨ
Cantonese (Jyutping): fu¹
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): fú / fù
Min Nan (POJ): hó͘ / hu

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland)⁺
  - Pinyin: hǔ
  - Zhuyin: ㄏㄨˇ
  - Wade-Giles: hu³
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: huu
  - IPA ^(key): /xu²¹⁴/
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Taiwan, variant in Mainland)⁺
  - Pinyin: hū
  - Zhuyin: ㄏㄨ
  - Wade-Giles: hu¹
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: hu
  - IPA ^(key): /xu⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: fu¹
  - Yale: fū
  - Cantonese Pinyin: fu¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: fu¹
  - IPA ^(key): /fuː⁵⁵/
Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: fú
  - Hakka Romanization System: fu`
  - Hagfa Pinyim: fu³
  - IPA: /fu³¹/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: fù
  - Hakka Romanization System: fuˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: fu²
  - IPA: /fu¹¹/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hó͘
  - Tâi-lô: hóo
  - Phofsit Daibuun: hor
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /hɔ⁵³/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /hɔ⁵⁵⁴/
- (Hokkien: mainstream Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hu
  - Tâi-lô: hu
  - Phofsit Daibuun: hw
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /hu⁴⁴/

DefinitionsEdit

虎

Only used in 馬虎／马虎 (mǎhu).

CompoundsEdit

馬虎從事／马虎从事
馬虎湯／马虎汤

馬虎眼／马虎眼
馬馬虎虎／马马虎虎 (mǎmǎhǔhǔ)

Etymology 3Edit

PronunciationEdit

Mandarin
(Pinyin): hù (hu⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄏㄨˋ

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: hù
  - Zhuyin: ㄏㄨˋ
  - Wade-Giles: hu⁴
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: huh
  - IPA ^(key): /xu⁵¹/

DefinitionsEdit

虎

Only used in 虎不拉.

JapaneseEdit

KanjiEdit

ReadingsEdit

Goon: く (ku)
Kan’on: こ (ko, Jōyō)
Kun: とら (tora, 虎, Jōyō)
Nanori: とら (tora); たけ (take)

EtymologyEdit

Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:

トラ

Wikipedia ^ja

Kanji in this term
虎
とら Grade: S
kun’yomi

This entry lacks etymological information. If you are familiar with the origin of this term, please add it to the page per etymology instructions. You can also discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.

PronunciationEdit

Kun’yomi
- (Tokyo) とら [tòrá] (Heiban – [0])^[1]^[2]
- IPA^(key): [to̞ɾa̠]
Homophone: 寅

NounEdit

虎 (hiragana とら, katakana トラ, rōmaji tora)

a tiger (The mammal Panthera tigris)

Derived termsEdit

牡虎 (おすとら) (osutora): a male tiger
雌虎 (めすとら) (mesutora): a female tiger
虎 (こ)燕 (えん)拳 (けん) (koenken)
虎穴 (こけつ) (koketsu)
虎 (こ)口 (こう) (kokō)
虎 (こ)視 (し)眈 (たん)々 (たん) (koshitantan)
虎 (こ)狼 (ろう) (korō)
虎魚 (おこぜ) (okoze)
虎巻 (とらかん) (torakan)
虎刈 (とらが)り (toragari)
虎狩 (とらが)り (toragari)
虎猫 (とらねこ) (toraneko)
虎髭 (とらひげ) (torahige)
虎鬚 (とらひげ) (torahige)
虎斑 (とらふ) (torafu)
虎河豚 (とらふぐ) (torafugu)
大虎 (おおどら) (ōdora)
小虎 (こどら) (kodora)
暴 (ぼう)虎 (こ)馮 (ひょう)河 (が) (bōkohyōga)
猛 (もう)虎 (こ) (mōko)
虎落 (もがり) (mogari)
虎落笛 (もがりぶえ) (mogaribue)
竜 (りゅう)虎 (こ) (ryūko), 竜 (りょう)虎 (こ) (ryōko)
竜攘虎搏 (りゅうじょうこはく) (ryūjōkohaku)
両 (りょう)虎 (こ) (ryōko)
虎 (とら)に成 (な)る (tora ni naru)
寅 (とら) (tora)

ReferencesEdit

^ 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
^ 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN

KoreanEdit

HanjaEdit

虎 • (ho) (hangeul 호, revised ho, McCune-Reischauer ho, Yale ho)

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